BASH Shell to manage files
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Create, copy, delete, move, view, edit, Compress, find
Content Summary:
Linux directory structure
File location path
File Management
A: The Linux directory usually organizes files in a single form. /
root directory structure of Linux
LS/
ivcapp-1:~ # ls/
Backup bin Boot Dev etc home Lib Lib64 lost+found
Media mnt opt proc root sbin selinux SRV sys tmp usr var
The command/bin/ls,/bin/date used by the bin ordinary user
Sbin commands used by super administrators/sbin/service
Dev Device file/dev/sd*,/dev/zero,/dev/null ...
Home directory for normal home users
Lost+found when fsck is repaired, store files or directories that are not linked
ETC configuration file
TMP Global writable (temporary file, temporary file generated by process)
var stores some changes in files, mails, logs, etc.
= = = Mount Directory of storage devices ==========
Mount points that media mobile device mounts by default
MNT mount point for manually mounted devices
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**************** file Time ******************
ll can see when the file was modified
#stat file to view detailed properties of the file, including the time attribute.
Access time: Atime View file content read
Modified: Mtime Modify the contents of the file, delete and change
Change time: CTime change the file's properties file permissions
Delete Time: Dtime file deletion time
ivcapp-1:~ # stat Accessiot.log
File: ' Accessiot.log '
size:133288 blocks:272 IO block:4096 Regular file
device:ca02h/51714dinode:615308 links:1
Access: (0640/-rw-r-----) Uid: (0/root) Gid: (0/root)
Access:2017-07-26 06:25:36.000000000 +0000
Modify:2017-07-26 06:25:14.000000000 +0000
Change:2017-07-26 06:25:14.000000000 +0000
Birth:-
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File Type ********************
Method One:
ll filename//See first character
_ Normal files (text files, binaries, compressed files, pictures, videos ...) )
D Directory file (folder) Blue
b Device file (block device) storage device hard disk, U disk/DEV/SDA,/dev/sda1
C Device file (character device) printer, terminal/dev/tty1
s socket file. The MySQL socket file.
srwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 0 Sep 07:53/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
P Pipeline File
L Connection File Ln-s * * * * * * * * Soft connection must use absolute road strength
Method Two: File file name
============================================================= Absolute Road strength: from/to the place/opt/cwuser/*
Relative path: The current path is now in the/OPT directory cwuser/*
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*************** file Management ******************** 1, File Management CD Change directory
Absolute path: cd/opt/cwuser/
Relative path: CD./EN_IVC
2, CD's Special command:
Cd.. =CD-returns to the previous level directory.
3. File management: Create/Copy/move/delete ============================== Create ======================================================== file touch# touch file1.txt //is created, there is modification time # touch file3 file4# touch /home/file10.txt# touch /home/file5 file6# touch /home/{zhuzhu,gougou}# touch file{1..20}# touch file{a. c}# touch liu{a,b,c} //{} collection, equivalent touch liua liub liuc=============================== Directory mkdir==================================== =============# MKDIR DIR1# MKDIR /HOME/DIR2 /HOME/DIR3# MKDIR /HOME/{DIR4, dir5}# mkdir -v /home/{dir6,dir7} //-v shows # mkdir -pv /hoem/dir8/111/222 //including the creation of their parents, there will be no message output # mkdir -pv /home/{yang/{dir1,111},tianyun}================================= Copy cp================================================= =usage: cp [option]... [-t] source dest# cd# mkdir /home/dir{1,2}# cp -v install.log /home/dir1# cp -v install.log /home/dir1/yang.txt# cp -rv /etc /home/dir1# cp -v install.log /home/dir90 //no/home/dir90# cp -v install.log /home/dir2# cp . -v anaconda-ks.cfg !$# cp -rv /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 /etc/ passwd /etc/grub.conf /home/dir2 //copy multiple files to the same directory # cp -rv /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 /etc/ passwd /etc/grub.conf /etc/hosts . // . represents the current location # cp -r /etc /tmp // -r recursively replicates all content within the directory and its subdirectories # cp -rf /etc /tmp //-f If the destination file cannot be opened, remove it and try # \cp -r /etc /tmp===================================== Mobile mv=========================================== ===usage: mv [option]... [-t] source dest# mv file1 /home/dir3 move File2 to/home/dir3# mv file2 /home/dir3/file20 move File2 to/home/dir3 and renamed to file20# mv file4 file5 rename File4 to File5 and the current position is renamed ================================== = = Delete rm=============================================== Example 1: Delete/home/dir1 # cd /home# rm -rf dir1 -r Recursive-f force Mandatory-v Detailed procedure Example 2:[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /home/dir10[[email protected] ~]# touch /home/dir10/{file2,file3,.file4}[[email protected] ~]# rm -rf /home/dir10/* //does not include hidden files [[email protected] ~]# ls /home/dir10/ -a. .. .file4 Example 3:[[email protected] ~]# rm -rf file* //Delete all files beginning with [[Email protected] ~]# rm -rf *.pdf   //Delete all files ending in PDF
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File management of Linux basic commands