Find the Linux file

Find-search for files in a directory hierarchy
Find a file tool in the hierarchy directory

Grammar

Find [OPTIONS] [Find starting path] [find condition] [processing action]

Common options

• -name name,-iname name: file with Name. Iname ignores case. Supports GLOB-style wildcard characters;
• -user USERNAME: Find all files belonging to the owner of the specified user;
• -group GRPNAME: Finds all files belonging to the specified group of groups;
• -uid uid: Finds all files that belong to the UID specified by the master;
• -gid GID: Finds all files belonging to the specified GID of the group;
• -nouser: Find files that are not owned by the master;

• -nogroup: Find files without a group;

• Look up depending on the type of file:-type type:

  • F: Normal file
  • D: Catalog file
  • L: Symbolic Link file
  • B: Block device files
  • C: Character device file
  • P: Pipeline File
  • S: Socket file

• Combination:

  • With:-A, default combination logic;
  • Or:-O
  • Non:-not,!

• Find by File Size:

  • -size [+|-] #UNIT; common units: K, M, G
  • #UNIT: (#-1, #)
  • -#UNIT: [0,#-1]
  • + #UNIT: (#, OO)

• Find by Time stamp:

  • In "Day" units: the day here is in 24-hour units
    • -atime [+|-]# Access time
    • -mtime modification Time
    • -ctime creation Time
  • In "Minutes" units:
    • -amin
    • -mmin
    • -cmin

• Search by permissions:-perm [/|-]mode;0 indicates not participating

  • Mode: precise permission matching;
  • /mode: Any one (r,w,x) of the permissions of any class of users (U,g,o) satisfies the condition, and there is a "or" relationship between 9-bit permissions;
  • -mode: Each class of users (U,g,o) in the permissions of each bit (r,w,x) at the same time meet the conditions are satisfied; 9-bit permissions exist between the "and" relationship;
• Handling actions:
  • -print: Output to standard output, default action;
  • -ls: Similar to the "ls-l" command for the found file, the output file details;
  • -delete: Delete the found file;
  • -fls/path/to/somefile: Saves the long format information of all files found to the specified file;
  • -ok COMMAND {} \; : Executes commands for each file that is found, and each operation is confirmed by the user;
  • -exec COMMAND {} \; : Executes commands for each file that is found;

DEMO:

Find all files in the/tmp directory that are subordinate to the main non-root

[[email protected] ~]# find /tmp/   -not -uid 0 -ls[[email protected] ~]# find /tmp/   -not -user root -ls

Find all files or directories in the/var directory that are subordinate to root and belong to the group mail;

[[email protected] test]# find /var/ -user root -group mailfind /var/ -uid 0 -group mail

File Size Lookup

[[email protected] test]# ll -h总用量 52K-rw-------. 1 root root 24K 4月  22 13:31 messages-rw-------. 1 root root 25K 4月  22 13:31 messages.bak[[email protected] tmp]# find ./  -size -25k -ls     [[email protected] tmp]# find ./  -size 25k -ls      (24k,25k]    24k< x <=25k./messages.bak[[email protected] test]# find ./ -size -25k -type f    [0,24k]    0<= x <=24k./messages[[email protected] test]# find ./ -size +24k -type f   [25k,  ]    25<= x./messages.bak

Follow file time to find

[[email protected] test]# date2018年 04月 22日 星期日 13:49:30 EDT[[email protected] test]# find /etc/ -type f -atime 3 -ls[[email protected] ~]# stat /etc/kdump.conf  File: ‘/etc/kdump.conf’  Size: 7265        Blocks: 16         IO Block: 4096   regular fileDevice: fd00h/64768d    Inode: 17265603    Links: 1Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--)  Uid: (    0/    root)   Gid: (    0/    root)Context: system_u:object_r:kdump_etc_t:s0Access: 2018-04-18 23:03:40.914728405 -0400Modify: 2018-04-16 13:12:52.585009262 -0400Change: 2018-04-16 13:12:52.585009262 -0400 Birth: -

Find all files or directories that are not root, bin, or Zander in the/usr directory;

[[email protected] test]# find /usr -not \( -user root -o -user bin -o -user zander  \)[[email protected] test]# find /usr -not -user root  -a -not -user bin -a -not  -user zander

Find in/etc directory in the last week of its content has been modified, and the owner is not the root user is not the Zander user's files or directories;

[[email protected] test]# find /etc/ -mtime -7 -a  -not -user root -a -not -user zander[[email protected] test]# find /etc/ -mtime -7 -a  -not \( -user root -o  -user zander \)

Find files or directories on the current system that are not part of a group and have been visited in the last week;

[[email protected] test]# find / \( -nouser -o -nogroup \) -a -atime -7

Find all files that are larger than 1M in the/etc directory and are of the normal file type;

[[email protected] test]# find /etc/ -size +1M -type f -exec ls -lh {} \;

Find files in/etc directory where all users do not have permission to write;

先找任何一个有写权限 && 取反[[email protected] test]# find /etc/ -not -perm /222 -type f -exec ls -lh {} \;

Find/etc directory at least one type of user does not have permission to execute files;

所有用户都有权限  && 取反[[email protected] test]# find /etc/ -not  -perm  -111 -type  f  -exec ls -lh {} \;

Find the/etc/init.d/directory, all users have execute permissions, and other users have write permission to all files;

[[email protected] test]# find /etc/init.d/ -perm -111 -a -perm -112 -type f  -ls[[email protected] test]# find /etc/init.d/ -perm -113 -type f  -ls

Find files in the/tmp directory that do not contain the Fstab string in the file name

[[email protected] ~]# find /tmp/  -type f -not -name   ‘*fstab*‘

Find files in the/TMP directory where the main is non-root and the file name does not contain the Fstab string

[[email protected] ~]# find /tmp/  -not -name   ‘*fstab*‘ -not -user root

Find the Linux file