Altium Designer multi-channel design

Turn chenzelin2009 csdn Blog: http://blog.csdn.net/chenzelin2009/article/details/5751251#

Altium Designer's multi-drawing function feels more convenient; today, I turned down teacher Xu "Altium designer Quick Start" in the introduction of multi-drawing design, and then refer to the Altium website some information, is familiar with this multi-drawing function. The relevant knowledge points are detailed below.

First, page structure 1.1 basic concepts

When the large-scale engineering design, only one drawing is impossible to achieve, then need to use multiple drawings for development and design. A multi-drawing design project is a multi-level structure composed of logical blocks, each of which can be a schematic or HDL file, at the top of the structure is a main schematic drawing-engineering top floor drawings.

Multi-sheet structure is usually formed by the chart symbol (sheet symbol), a sheet symbol corresponding to a sub-sheet, the main schematic sheet placement icon, through the sheet symbol and sub-sheet connection, and the sub-sheet can also be linked to the lower sheet by the chart symbol. Place the icon symbol by clicking "Places" Sheet symbol or by icon. 1

Figure 1

We can enter an identifier in the "Designer" area, and if the identifier contains a statement with the Repeat keyword, you can also implement multi-channel functionality (detailed below). You can implement a call to a child sheet by entering the name of the sub-sheet file (not case) you want to invoke in file name. There are other ways to generate a chart symbol, see below.

When the multi-drawing project is compiled, the logical relationship between the drawings is identified and a tree structure is established to represent the logical relationship of each drawing, 2:

Figure 2

1.2 Hierarchical structure

The hierarchy consists of the following three types:

1) Top-down: Under the main schematic drawing, through the "design" create sheet from symbol "," design "create the HDL file from the symbol" create VHDL file from SYMB Ol "and" Design "created HDL file from symbol" Create Verilog files from symbol "and so on commands such as creating sub-drawings, the underlying VHDL and the underlying Verilog file.

2) Bottom-up: Under the main schematic drawing, create symbol from sheet or HDL "and" design "create symbol from sheet or HDL", "Design" by "Design" Crea The Te Component from sheet command creates a chart symbol and a top-level component.

3) mixed schematic/HDL file hierarchy: In this case, the chart symbol calls the HDL file or schematic diagram with a different file name

1.3 Hierarchies maintain synchronization of 1.3.1 ports with drawing portals:

When the port in the sub-sheet does not match the sheet entry (including name and IO type), it can be synchronized with "Design" Synchronize Sheet Entries and Ports "3:

Figure 3

Select the out-of-sync port and, if you want to change the port of the sub-sheet to match the chart symbol, select the middle icon (the first one) and the second one instead.

1.3.2 To rename a child sheet corresponding to a chart symbol

If you want to rename a chart symbol corresponding to the sub-drawing, the general idea is to change the name of the sub-drawing, and then change the chart symbol "file name", and finally compile the project. Now ad provides the ability to rename a sub-sheet "Design" Rename child Sheet ", a floating crosshairs appears, points in the chart symbol that you want to rename, and a 4 dialog box appears:

Figure 4

We can set the relevant options according to our own needs.

1.4 Multi-Channel design

A drawing may be reused during the design process, at which point we can implement it in two ways: 1) Repeat the same child sheet with multiple sheet characters, and 2) through a sheet symbol with the Repeat keyword. Here is the second method: Enter the statement containing repeat in the "designator" area of the chart symbol in the following format:

Repeat (Sheetsymboldesignator, firstinstance, lastinstance)

Where Sheetsymboldesignator is the name of the chart symbol, Firstinstance and Lastinstance define the number of channels together, note that the firstinstance parameter must be equal to or greater than 1, 5, representing 2 filter channels.

Figure 5

1.5 single sheet symbol calls multiple sub-sheets

Enter the name of multiple sub-sheet files in the file name area of the sheet symbol, separated by semicolons, to achieve the purpose of invoking multiple sub-sheets by a single sheet symbol, and the connections between these sub-sheets can be achieved through the cross-sheet interface (Off-sheet connectors).

Second, network connectivity 2.1 types of network identifiers

Because we use the multi-sheet function, we need to consider the line connection between the drawings. In a single drawing, we can use a simple network label "NET label" to achieve network connectivity, and in the multi-sheet, network connection involves more network identifiers, the following details:

The most basic network identifier is the network label (NET labels). In a single sheet, they can be used instead of wires to represent the connection between components, in the multi-sheet design, its function is unchanged, can only represent a single sheet of internal connections.

Port can represent either a network connection within a single sheet (similar to net labels) or a network connection between sheets. Ports (port) can be used for both vertical and horizontal connections in multi-sheet designs. When connecting horizontally, you can ignore the multi-sheet structure and connect all the same name ports in the project to the same network. When connecting vertically, you need to contact the chart symbol, the drawing entry-the corresponding drawing entry is placed in the sheet symbol of the drawing, and the port can connect the sub-drawing and the parent drawing.

The Cross-sheet interface (OFF Sheet connectors) provides the role of a port and network designator. When a sheet symbol invokes multiple sub-sheets, the network connection between these sub-sheets can be implemented across the sheet interface-placing cross-sheet interfaces in these sub-sheets, which can be connected when the interface is matched. Note that the cross-sheet interface is limited to the connection between this set of sub-sheets and is not normally used for connections to other sheet structures.

The power port (also called the Power object) completely ignores the engineering structure and is connected to all the matching power ports on the linked sheets.

Here's a simple list of the different types of network identifiers:

	Network label Net Label	The network is usually connected only within a single drawing; When you select the flat range or the net range is set to global, it is connected horizontally to all matching network symbols
	Port Port	If it matches a sheet entry for the parent chart symbol, or if the hierarchy, automatic range is selected, the vertical join works. When the flat or ports global range is selected, it is horizontally connected to all matching ports
	Drawing entrance Sheet Entry	Always vertically connected to the lower sheet port called by the sheet symbol
	Cross-sheet interface Off-sheet Connector	Horizontally connects to a matching cross-sheet interface, but only between sheet groups that are called by a single, sub-sheet split chart symbol
	Power Port Power Port	Globally connected to all matching power ports in the project

Note: This involves setting up the port range in the project, open the Settings dialog box ( Project->project Option , click Option label), in the Net Identifier Scope "area can choose the scope of the network identifier, the general case is to select" Automatic "mode, AD will be automatically judged. Others are "Flat", "hierarchical", "Global" mode, In special cases can be selected as required.

If you want the network identifier to represent a reversed-phase pattern, simply add a backslash after each character of the named Network name (for example, e/n/a/b/l/e ), or in Preferences in the dialog box schematic-graphical Editing page, select the Single ' / ' Negation check box, and then precede the network identifier name with a backslash (for example: /enable ).

2.2 Example of network connectivity

Example 1 : Sub-level design

Figure 6

6, this schematic project is automatically recognized as a hierarchical scope because the chart symbol in its parent drawing has a sheet entry. At this point the ports hp-l and Hp-r are connected together through the sheet entry, while the C1 and C2 in two sub-sheets cannot cross the sheet connection.

Example 2 : Global Port

Figure 7

7, this project has only ports, there is no sheet entry, so the scope is automatically set to the global port. The project becomes a parallel structure, at which point all matching ports on the project are connected, but the network labels still cannot be connected across the sheets. This will not affect the project even if the top level drawing is removed.

Example 3 : Global network designator

Figure 8

8, this project has no port and drawing entrance, so that the network label can cross the drawing, in the case of matching the global connection, the removal of the top-level drawing project can still compile normally.

Example 4 : Global network designator and Port

Figure 9

Select project->project option, click the Option tab, and in the "net Identifier scope" area you can select the network identifier range mode: Global (Netlabels and Ports Global); 9 , the network labels and ports are global, and they all connect to the matching object globally in a horizontal manner.

Example 5 : Cross-sheet interface

Figure 10

10 shows, this project has four sub-drawings, the chart symbol "group A" calls two sub-sheets "A1.schdoc" and "A2.schdoc", "group B" called the sub-sheet "B1.schdoc" and "B2.schdoc". At this time the drawings "A1.schdoc" internal C1, C2 can and drawings "A2.schdoc" in C1, C2 connected, the same blueprint "B1.schdoc" and "B2.schdoc" can also be connected to the network, but these two groups will not be network connectivity (paper A1.schdoc C1 is not connected to B1.schdoc C1). This is the function of the cross-drawing interface, which can increase the sheet range of the chart symbol.

Three, design example 3.1 design ideas

Now to design a 2.0 bass amplifier, this assumes a ready-made active low-pass audio filter schematic (FILTER.SCHDOC), a dual-channel power amplifier schematic (amplifier.schdoc); We can use these two schematics directly to achieve this design function: Create a PCB engineering and schematic, add the two ready-made files to this project, and then create two chart breaks in the new schematic, where one of the chart breaks calls the dual-channel amplifier, Another two-pass filter is called through the multi-channel function, which can then be wired and finally compiled.

Note: filter. The signal to be used in the Schdoc schematic is input (in), output (out), the signal to be used in the Amplifier.schdoc schematic diagram has left input (in_l), right input (in_r), left output (out_l), right output (Out_r). You can create a project folder before you design, and copy the two schematic files to the project folder.

3.2 Concrete Steps

1) Create a PCB project and add a new schematic toplevel to the new project. SchDoc, and add two out-of-the-box schematics to the project, then save all.

2) Open schematic filter. SCHDOC, add two ports in and out (respectively connected to signal in and out); open schematic Amplifier.schdoc, add four ports in_l, In_r, out_l and Out_r (respectively with signal in_l, In_r, out_l and out _r connection). 11 Example:

Figure 11

3) Open schematic toplevel. SCHDOC, click "Design->creat Sheet Symbol from Sheet or HDL file", select "Amplifier.schdoc" in the pop-up window and click OK. The software generates a sheet symbol with four drawing entries, places it in the schematic, renames "designator" to "Am", and arranges the corresponding drawing entry, 12.

Figure 12

4) In the same vein, click Design->creat Sheet Symbol from Sheet or HDL file to select Filter in the popup window. SchDoc "file, then rename" designator "to" repeat (fi,1,2) ", which means to call two times the filter. Schdoc drawings. Note that the public network of all the sub-drawings is connected in the normal way, when the sheet entry name of the chart symbol is not modified, and the sub-drawings are all but separate networks are taken out by bus, each line in the bus is connected to a sub-sheet, at which point the sheet entry of the chart should be modified to repeat (port name) , as in this example, the input needs to be changed to Repeat (in). as shown. A network is represented by placing a bus name on a wire, rather than in a bus-wide manner. When the design is compiled, the bus is decomposed into separate networks with an identity for each channel (from IN1 to IN2), IN1 to fi_1 sub-drawings, and IN2 to fi_2 sub-drawings. 13 shows.

Figure 13

5) Place Other components, connect the line, 14, and then compile the project.

Figure 14

After compiling, you can look at the left panel and find that the project has a longer tree structure, 15.

Figure 15

3.3 Notes on multi-channel design 3.3.1 Setting the format of the time and identifier

Multi-channel design calls the same sub-sheet multiple times, after compilation, each channel is assigned a good identifier, and then mapped to the PCB file; Click "Project->project Option" and click the "Multi-channel" tab in the Open dialog box, 16, Here you can set the name of the channel (room) and the symbol.

Figure 16

(1) Name of the channel (guest)

In the naming area, select the option of the naming Style drop-down list to set the name of the space. The naming method includes 2 parallelism and 3 hierarchical types, which can be selected according to the situation, and in the case of multi-level chambers, the naming structure is (channel prefix + Channel index). We can choose a naming method, its naming situation, such as; This picture gives an example of a 2*2 channel design, a total of 6 channels, one per bank, and 4 lower-level channels each. And hierarchical named types also support the use of "level Separator for Paths" to modify the symbol of the split path information.

(2) Component naming

Component naming generally includes the channel name. There are 8 component naming types, and you can choose a specific naming method in the Designator Format drop-down list. Users can also enter a custom symbol identifier naming method directly in the dialog box, where some keywords may be used. As shown in table 1

Keyword	Definition
$RoomName	Name of the associated, as determined by the style chosen in the Naming style field
$Component	Component Logical Designator
$ComponentPrefix	Component logical designator prefix (e.g. U for U1)
$ComponentIndex	Component logical designator index (e.g. 1 for U1)
$ChannelPrefix	Logical sheet Symbol designator
$ChannelIndex	Channel Index
$ChannelAlpha	Channel index expressed as an alpha character. This format was only useful if your design contains less than channels in total, or if you are using a hierarchical desi Gnator format.

Table 1

3.3.2 About PCB

After the project is compiled, we can see a few more tabs below the sub-drawing interface that was called several times, 17 shows. We can click on the corresponding label to see the allocation of the symbol identifier. After that, add a PCB file to the project and import the components into the PCB file through the "Design->update PCB"; The conversion process automatically establishes a set of components for each sub-sheet, each set of components having a rooms and placing the components in a bedroom. After routing a channel layout, you can copy the layout and route of the channel to another channel through the Design->rooms->copy Formats.

Figure 17

3.3.3 Viewing channel identifier assignments

Click Project->view Channel to bring up the Project Components dialog box, which shows the allocation of the symbol identifiers in each schematic, shown in 18. Then click "Component Report" to pop up the "Report Preview" window, you can click the "Export" button in the Excel format table (. xls file), or click the "Print" button to print.

Figure 18

3.3.4 uses signal harness to make multiple drawing designs more convenient.

AD provides the signal harness feature that enables multiple wires and buses to be connected together. In wiring, bus-connected and complex schematics, we can use signal harness to bring these lines together and connect them in drawings or across sheets in combination with various network identifiers. The General Signal harness system contains four blocks: Signal harness (Wired), harness Connector (connectors), harness Entry (ingress), and harness definition file (definition files). The first three are required to draw the schematic diagram, and the final definition file is automatically generated (provided that the harness Connector is used). Its schematic diagram 19.

Figure 19

The following is a brief introduction to the use of signal harness:

Click "Place->harness-> Harness Connector", press "tab" key before placing, enter the type of connector in "harness type" (This example uses "TEST"), then click OK to place.

Click "Place->harness-> Harness Entry" to place the interface and rename it according to the actual.

Place the port "AUDIO" and other network tags, then connect, where AUDIO needs signal harness connection.

To compile the project, the "Setting->harness Definition Files" can be seen in the project catalog on the left side of the Project panel (*. Harness) file, double-click to open, you can see inside a statement "TEST=WCLK,BCLK,DOUT,DIN,MCLK", indicating that the TEST is composed of multiple connector lines.

After that, you can build another signal harness in the drawing area where you need to connect, connect it through the port, and connect the circuit through the port if the circuit you need to connect to is in another drawing.

Altium Designer multi-channel design