ArcGIS Tutorial: Adding Projection and projection transformations to layers in ArcGIS

Because GIS describes the spatial information on the Earth's surface, it must be embedded in a spatial reference system, which is a coordinate frame, which is based on parameters such as ellipsoidal bodies. The three main coordinate systems currently used in China are: Beijing 1954, Xi ' an 1980 and WGS84.

With the coordinate system, the ellipsoid, the data layer has geographic coordinates, which are the locations of the spherical surface with latitude and longitude. In order to be able to convert a map from three-dimensional geographic coordinates to two-bit planar coordinates by projection, the coordinate system is called the projected coordinate system. Common projections are Gaussian-gram gauss–krüger (Gauss-kruger) projections, Christijan Albers (Albers Equal-area conic) projections.

In general, a layer is to add a geographic coordinate system before adding a projection.

　　Method One: (in Arctoolbox)

I. SHP layer defines geographic coordinate system

ArcToolBox, Data Management Tools, projections and transformations-> Define Projection, Define Projection Dialog appears box, click the coordinates system right drop-down menu, the Spatial Reference Properties dialog box appears, click Select to choose a geographic coordinate system.

　　

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　　Second, add the projection

ArcToolBox, Data Management Tools, projections and transformations->

1. Vector file: Feature, Project, pop Up the Project dialog box, select the layer you want to add the projection to, click the output coordinates system right drop-down menu, select projection.

　　

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2. Raster file:raster-> project Raster, select projection.

　　Method Two: (In Arccatalog)

I. Defining geographic coordinates

The right mouse button on the data->properties->xy the Coordinate System tab to select the coordinate system for the data by Modify,select, import.

　　Second, add the projection

The right mouse button on the data->properties->xy the Coordinate System tab, projecting the data by Modify,select, import ...

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ArcGIS Tutorial: Adding Projection and projection transformations to layers in ArcGIS