Black box test and white box test

Black box test: The Test object as a black box, the tester does not consider the internal logic structure and internal characteristics, only according to the requirements of the program specification, check the function of the program is consistent with its function description. Check for non-functional requirements and meet design requirements.

White box test: The test object as a transparent box, it allows the tester to use the internal logic structure of the program and related information, design or select test cases, to test all the logic of the program.

The black box test considers the program as a black box that cannot be opened, and tests for "software interface" and "software function" without regard to the internal structure and internal characteristics of the program, only to check whether the function conforms to the requirement specification and can be used normally. So black-box testing is also called functional testing or data-driven testing.

White box testing is a detailed examination of the procedural details of the software. This approach is to think of the test object as an open box, which allows the tester to design or select test Cases and test all the logical paths of the program, using the logical structure within the program and related information. Determine whether the actual state is consistent with the expected state by checking the program state at different points. So a white-box test is also known as a "structural test" or "logical drive test." The white box test is to test the procedure according to the internal structure of the program, and test whether the internal action of the product is carried out according to the requirements of the design specification, and whether each channel in the test procedure is in accordance with the stipulated normal work.

Black box test and white box test