Dell Server Linux System installation

Introduction

This article mainly introduces the installation and deployment of the Linux operating system of the Enterprise Blade machine.

first, create RAID

1. Following this interface, always press F10 to enter the system boot

2. Go to the server comes with the boot program, the default choice of Simplified Chinese, keyboard type by default
3. Click OS Deployment to start installing the system
4. Here you can choose to configure RAID first or go directly to the OS deployment
5. RAID Configuration start (select Perc H710 Mini (with security features))
6. Select RAID5
7. Click (Select All)
8. You can do it by default.
9. Make sure the click is complete (then it will prompt you to delete all data)
10. After selecting the system, and then determine the installation, the server will re-enter the system installation interface, but before restarting to put the system CD.

Description: The above part of the content replication from the network, and each model of the Dell server interface may be different, such as I deployed there is no 2nd step of the language selection, but are some basic operation to see the understanding. The 10th step of the operating system is selected, if the operating system listed does not have the operating system you want to install the last item selected.

second, various raid introduction

RAID 0
1. RAID 0, also known as stripe (striped) or striping, represents the highest storage performance in all RAID levels. RAID 0 improves storage performance by spreading continuous data across multiple disks, so that the system has data requests that can be executed in parallel by multiple disks, each of which performs its own portion of the data request. The parallel operation on this data can make full use of the bus bandwidth and significantly improve the overall disk access performance.
2. I/O data requests made by the system to a logical hard disk (RADI 0 disk group) consisting of three disks are translated into 3 operations, each of which corresponds to a physical hard disk. We can clearly see that by establishing RAID 0, the original sequence of data requests is dispersed across all three drives simultaneously. In theory, the parallel operation of the three drives increases the disk read and write speed by 3 times times over the same time. However, due to the influence of bus bandwidth and other factors, the actual increase rate will certainly be lower than the theoretical value, but, the large amount of data parallel transmission and serial transmission comparison, the speed-up effect is obviously undoubtedly.
3, the disadvantage of RAID 0 is not to provide data redundancy, so once the user data corruption, the corrupted data will not be restored.
4, RAID 0 has the characteristics, making it particularly suitable for high performance requirements, and the data security does not care about the field, shaped workstations. For individual users, RAID 0 is also an excellent choice for improving hard disk storage performance.

RAID 1
1, RAID 1 is also known as mirror or mirroring (mirror), its purpose is to maximize the availability of user data and repairable. RAID 1 is done by automatically copying the data that the user writes to the drive to a different hard disk.
2, when reading data, the system first read the data from the RAID 0 source disk, if the reading data is successful, the system does not take care of the backup disk data, if the reading of the source disk data fails, the system automatically read the data on the backup disk, will not cause the user's work task interruption. Of course, we should replace the damaged hard drive in time and re-establish the mirror with the backup data to avoid the irreparable loss of data in the event of damage to the backup disk.
3, because of the storage of data for a full backup, at all RAID levels, RAID 1 provides the highest data security assurance. Similarly, with 100% backups of data, backup data accounts for half of total storage space, thus mirror (mirrored) disk space utilization is low and storage costs are high.
4, mirror can not improve storage performance, but because of its high data security, making it especially suitable for storing important data, such as server and database storage and other fields.

RAID 10=raid 0+1
1, as its name, RAID 0+1 is a combination of RAID 0 and RAID 1, also known as RAID 10.
2, the four disk raid 0+1 as an example, its data storage method: Raid 0+1 is the storage performance and data security solution. It provides the same data security as RAID 1 while providing storage performance similar to RAID 0.
3, since RAID 0+1 also provides data security through the 100% backup function of data, RAID 0+1 has the same disk space utilization as RAID 1 and high storage cost.
4, the characteristics of RAID 0+1 make it especially suitable for a large number of data need to access, but also on the data security requirements of strict areas, such as banking, finance, commercial supermarkets, warehousing warehouses, all kinds of file management.

RAID 5
1. RAID 5 is a storage solution that combines storage performance, data security, and storage costs. For example, RAID 5, which consists of four hard disks, is stored as data 4: In the figure, P0 is the parity information for D0,D1 and D2, and so on. As can be seen from the figure, RAID 5 does not back up the stored data, but instead stores the data and the corresponding parity information on each disk that makes up the RAID5, and the parity information and the corresponding data are stored on separate disks. When one of the RAID5 disk data is damaged, the remaining data and the corresponding parity information are used to recover the corrupted data.
2, RAID 5 can be understood as a compromise between RAID 0 and RAID 1. RAID 5 can provide data security for the system, but with a lower level of protection than mirror and higher disk space utilization than mirror. RAID 5 has a similar data read speed as RAID 0, with only one parity information, which is slower than writing to a single disk. And because multiple data corresponds to one parity message, RAID 5 has a higher disk space utilization than RAID 1 and a relatively low storage cost.

Third, install the Linux operating system

1. Select the first item

1 option: Install or upgrade an existing system

2 option: Install the system using the basic graphics driver

3 Options: Rescue mode installation System

4 option: Boot from local disk

5 option: Test memory

2. Select Skip Skipping check

Here generally choose "Skip" skip directly, if you click on the "OK" system will start to detect your computer's media is normal, it takes some time.

3. Click "Next"

4. Select the operating system language, select Englisth here

5. Select the keyboard type U.s.english

6. This step is to select the type of hard drive, generally select "Basic Storage Device" (Basic storage devices), "speciallzed Storage dvices" is for similar sans used. Click "Next" to proceed to the next step

7. This step is to let you choose whether to delete the data in the virtual hard disk, we are the blank disk so select "Yes,discard any data" (delete all), click "Next" to enter the next step.

8. This step is to select the system's time zone and select it. Click "Next" to proceed to the next step

9. Configure the root password, not too simple

Select "Use Anyway" to proceed to the next step

10. Select Create custom Layout to customize the partition

Use all space: using all spaces

Replace Existing Linux system: replacing existing Linux systems

Shrink Current system: reducing the present space

Use free space: using unused spaces

Create Custom Layout: Customizing partitions

Here we choose Create Custom Layout, there are two options below, such as

Encrypt System Encryption

Review and modify partitioning layout review and modify partitions

We do not check "Encrypt system", "Review and modify partitioning layout" option after selecting "Create Custom Layout" will automatically tick, click "Next" to enter the next

11. Partitioning

Generally now the enterprise server memory is relatively large, so do not create a swap partition, only need to create three partitions (/boot,/,/home), the allocation of the specific size according to their own space to decide, only need to give these three partitions a certain amount of space, The rest of the space can be hung in other directories such as the/data directory, in addition to creating 500M standard partition to the/boot partition, the rest of the space to create LVM

/boot: System partition, 500M

/: Root partition, 200G

/home:home partition, 80G

Standard Partition partition mode

RAID Partition disk array partition, here is the software disk array

LVM Physical Volume LVM physical volume, which is the partition mode of LVM

1. Select "Standard Partition" to create a 500M partition to/boot

Mount point mount Points

File system type, which is equivalent to a partition format of NTFS or FAT32 under Windows, we select the latest EXT4

Size sizes

Fixed size

Fill all spaces up to specify the size of the space

Fill to maximum allowable size use all available space

Force to be a primary partition forced conversion to primary partition

Encrypt encryption

Description

Conceptual reference for logical volumes previously written articles: http://www.cnblogs.com/chenmh/p/5107901.html

12. Write to partition, select Write changes to disk

13. This step is to select the location of the system's startup program installation, we default, Next

14. This step is to choose what the machine is to do, there are Desktop,web server and so on, choose a, the system will automatically give you to install some of the required software, I choose minimal here, and then select the bottom customize now custom installed components. Next

15. Wait for the installation OK

Install complete, click "Reboot" restart

Description: This part of the content of the picture from the network, made a partial deletion modification

iv. System Configuration

1. Configure the Network

The newly installed system network also needs to be configured, for the Dell Server network device name default is EM start, sometimes may not ifcfg-em1 under/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/, At this point we can create a ifcfg-em1 file

Vim Ifcfg-em1

Device=Em1type=Ethernetuuid=7d29b0ca-8b96-44af-be2f-9a26e6dde4f2onboot=yesnm_controlled=Yesbootproto=nonehwaddr=B8:2A: the:D F: the: F8ipaddr=192.168.10.43PREFIX= -GATEWAY=192.168.10.1DNS1=114.114.114.114DOMAIN=202.96.134.133Defroute=Yesipv4_failure_fatal=Yesipv6init=NoNAME="System em1"

UUID can be ordered by Nmcli con | Sed-n ' 1,2p ' obtained, Hwaddr MAC address can be obtained through IFCONFIG-A, and finally restart the server.

2. Modify system limit values

The newly installed Linux default is only 1024, when the load is large, it will often appear error:too many open files

Ulimit-a: Use to view all limit values for the current system

Vim/etc/security/limits.conf

At the end of the file, add

* Soft Nofile 65535* hard nofile 65535

You can view the modified results by executing SU or re-closing the connection user and then executing ulimit-a.

3. Configure sudo permissions

chmod u+w/etc//etc/sudoers found this line:"root all= (All)all" added under " xxx all= (All) all " (here's xxx is your username) and then save the exit. chmod u-w/etc/sudoers

Summary

Here are just a few simple configuration, there are a lot of configuration according to their own needs to configure.

Note: pursuer.chen Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/chenmh This site all the essays are original, welcome to reprint, but reprint must indicate the source of the article, and at the beginning of the article clearly give the link. Welcome to the exchange of discussions

Dell Server Linux System installation