Install the Linux operating system (From: laruence's Linux private dish)

Install Linux (From: laruence's Linux private dish)
Www.2cto.com
-Directory/device disk capacity partition type required for disk partition configuration/boot100MBprimary/10 GBprimary/home5GBprimaryswap1GBlogical-Boot Loader www.2cto.com
Use the default grub of CentOS 5.x and install it on the MBR.
-Select Software
Install all the software. Install the SDK at least when you reinstall it.
-Linux installation function menu (F2)
Linux noprobe: hardware detection is not performed. If special hardware exists, you can use this item to stop hardware detection.
Linux askmethod: Enter the interactive mode, and the installer will ask some questions. If your hard disk contains Installation media, or you have an Installation server in your environment, you can select this option to fill in the correct network host for Installation;
Memtest86: This option keeps reading and writing memory. If you suspect that the memory stability is insufficient, you can use this option to test the memory! After the test is complete, you need to reboot!
-Rescue mode F5
If the Linux system cannot be started due to incorrect settings, you can use "linux rescue" to enter the rescue mode. In this case, take out the DVD for the rescue mode to save the Linux system without reinstalling the system.
Disk Partition
-Create a partition in the root directory
File System Type:
* Ext2/ext3: Applicable file system type in Linux. Because the ext3 file system has more logs
System Recovery is fast. We recommend that you select a new ext3 instead of ext2.
* Physical volumn (LVM): It is a mechanism used to elastically adjust the file system size. It can increase or decrease the file system size without changing the original file data content.
* Software RAID: simulates the disk array function with software based on the features of the Linux operating system. This is great, but it is not available now. Chapter 15 describes it.
* Swap: Memory swap space. Because SWAP does not use directory tree mounting, you do not need to specify a mount point when using SWAP.
* Vfat: The file system types supported by both Linux and Windows. If Windows and Linux operating systems exist in the host hard disk, you can build a vfat file system for data exchange.
-Create partitions in the/boot directory.
* If you have an independent/boot partition, make sure that the partition is at the top of the entire hard disk. And force the primary partition.
-Create a swap partition.
* Swap does not need a mount point. It is recommended that swap be between 1.5 and 2 times of physical memory. SWAP does not need to be set when the physical memory is 4 GB or above.
* Swap function: when data is stored in the physical memory, but the data is not often used by the CPU, these infrequently used programs will be lost to the swap space on the hard disk, instead, release the fast physical memory to the programs that are actually needed. Therefore, if the system is not very busy and the memory is large, do not use swap.
-Create a partition in the/home directory.
Boot Loader, network, Time Zone settings, and root Password
-Bootstrap loader
* Most Linux distributions use grub boot programs and must be installed in MBR.
* Time Zone Selection: UTC is related to the so-called "Daylight Saving Time. You do not need to select this option. Otherwise, the time zone may be affected, and the time displayed by the system may not be synchronized with the local time.
-Log Files
* The installation process is written to/root/install. log.
* Write all the options just selected to/root/anaconda-ks.cfg
Other features: RAM testing, Kernel Parameters for installing a laptop (Option)
-Memory pressure test: memtest86 ("machine burning ")
* When you build a new PC and want to test whether the host is stable, you can run programs that consume system resources on this host, if the system runs for a while at a high load (maybe one day) and tests stability, it becomes a "machine burning"
* How? On the boot menu, enter memtest86.
-Parameters for installing laptops or other types of PC computers
* Because the laptop has a lot of saving-time mechanisms or other hardware management mechanisms, the hardware on the laptop is often not the same as the general desktop computer. Therefore, when you use a DVD suitable for a general desktop computer to install Linux, some problems may occur, resulting in a failure to install Linux smoothly.
* During installation, tell the installation program's Linux Kernel not to load some special functions. The most commonly used method is to add boot: linux nofb apm = off acpi = off pci = noapi when using a DVD to boot.
* Apm (advance power management): Early Power management module. acpi (Advanced Configuration and power Inferface) is a recent Power management module. Both of them are supported by hardware, but the laptop may not use these mechanisms. Therefore, starting these mechanisms during installation may cause some errors, resulting in the failure of smooth installation.
* Nofb: cancels the buffer memory detection on the video card. If the laptop is integrated with a video card, the Linux installer may not be able to detect the video card module. Adding nofb may make the installation process smoother.
* These parameters added during startup are called "Kernel Parameters ".
First setup after installation
-Gurb reads the Kernel File for hardware detection and loads the appropriate hardware driver to start CentOS services. For example,/vmlinuz-2.6.18-128.el5, This is the Linux Kernel File. When Welcome appears, you can start to execute various service processes.
-SELinux
* SELinux is short for Security Enhanced Linux. This software was developed by the National Security Agency (NSA) and is not a firewall. SELInux is a refined setting of access control for Linux systems, focusing on the access permission restrictions imposed by control programs on the system. Since SELinux settings are very appropriate for Linux Versions later than CentOS 5.x, we recommend that you enable this function.
-Kdump
* Kdump: When the kernel encounters a problem, whether to write the messages in the memory to the file at that time, and this file can be used by the kernel developers to learn why the machine is down. We are not a kernel developer. Frequent Kdump may cause a waste of hard disk space. Therefore, we recommend that you do not start the Kdump function.
-Create a user
* Unless necessary, you do not need to use the root permission because the root permission is too large. Creating a user with a general identity is a good habit.
* Full name -- just a description.
Multi-boot installation process and tips
-Hard Disk plan Linux Device File Name Windows Device actual content file system capacity (GB) /dev/sda1CWindows NTFS30/dev/sda2DWindows data disk NTFS60/dev/sda3 do not mount the Linux root directory (/) ext350/dev/sda5 do not mount the Memory Replacement space swapswap1/dev/sda6EWindows/Linux share all other vfat-install Windows XP first and then install Linux, it may be difficult to make a wrong order-Precautions for subsequent maintenance
* In Windows, it is best to unmount the Linux root directory and SWAP. Otherwise, the software will require "formatting" when you open the resource manager in the future, the Linux system is destroyed.
* Linux cannot be deleted at will, because grub will read the/boot directory content under the Linux root directory. If Linux is deleted, Windows cannot be started, because the entire boot menu will disappear.
-The old host has two hard disks: www.2cto.com.
* Although there are two hard disks, the whole PC only has one MBR. Why?
* Because you have to adjust the boot device in the BIOS, only the MBR in the first device that can be started will be read by the system.
* You can use the boot loader written by spfdisk.
Problems caused by hard drive failure
Symptoms:
# There are some strange prompts
Grub> _
Solution: reinstall Linux and create a m partition in the disk partition, and mount it to the/boot mount point. Note that, the mount point of/boot must be at the top of the entire hard disk. For example, it must be/dev/hda1.
.