Japanese auxiliary word usage: Japanese

Use of the Japanese Auxiliary Word in Xinyi
1. Start with a joke
I heard that there is such a story:
In a peaceful and harmonious forest, an animal makeup Association will be set up every year to select the "king of the forest" for the next year ".
After being drunk, the election began. Of course, you chose the tiger as the "king of the forest ". Today, the company is going to be a mouse. A big-box mouse is wearing a mask and dressed as a mighty tiger cat. It uses a loud voice to ask:
「 Who else did this .」 ("Who is the king of the forest ?" )
The animals answered in unison: "No, Tiger, please .」 ("Of course it's a tiger ." )
The animals cheered to bring their tigers to the stage. The mouse of the division originally wanted to say:
「あなた ,....」 ("... Are you ?" )
But it was a three-color cat dressed as a tiger that day. It was so drunk that it couldn't stand up. It broke its coat in the pushes of the animals, and some of them were quite out of shape. The mouse of the company's meeting felt bad and panic, so I couldn't help but say that I missed my mouth and said:
「あなた ,....」 ("Are you ...?" )
The fake tiger was drunk and said, "The cat is yellow .」 ("It's a cat ." )
The mouse that scared the company could not afford to be decent and ran away with smoke.

When you are a beginner in Japanese, you will always encounter many syntactic problems, which are daunting. For example, for the usage of "sentence" and "sentence", there is a more detailed explanation in general grammar books: "sentence" is the lattice Auxiliary Word, indicating the subject of the sentence; "sentence" is the prompt Auxiliary Word, the topic of a sentence, and so on. But for beginners, how can they tell when to use "timer "?
When do I have to use the "token?

2. Let's talk about the differences between "classification" and "classification ".

How should we distinguish when the main grid Auxiliary Word "が" is used and when the prompt Auxiliary Word "は" is used? In fact, you only need to remember that the focus of "Attention" lies in the previous part, while the focus of "Attention" lies in the latter part. In order to better understand the usage of the main grid Auxiliary Word "shen" and the prompt Auxiliary Word "shen", let's look at the situations where the two cannot be exchanged.
It is easier to explain a sentence by dividing it into the prefix and suffix, coupled with unknown factors.

The previous item (key) indicates the next item. -- Answer the previous part

The following items (Key Points) of the preceding items are described as follows. -Answer the following part

Example 1: Who is the prime minister.

In example 1, the first item in the sentence is an unknown factor and the focus of the question. Because the talker already knows that an animal is the "king of the forest", but what needs to be known urgently is "who", "wolf", "lion", or "tiger?

A: Hu Xiaoyu. (Original sentence = Hu xiaosen, Wang Xiaoxiao .)

-The "Answer" focuses on the previous item, so the answer to the latter item can be omitted.

Example 2: Tiger's foot in the dark.

In Example 2, the latter part of the sentence is an unknown factor and the focus of the question. Because the Inquirer already knows that there is a "tiger", what needs to be known is the details about it. Is it the king of the forest or the essence of flowers? What does it look like?

A: John is the prime minister. (Original sentence = Hu xiaosen, Wang Xiaoxiao .)

-The "distinct" focuses on the following items, so the previous item can be omitted.

This can be summarized as follows: The main lattice Auxiliary Word "shen" focuses on the content above it, and the answer must answer the content before "shen"; the prompt is "shen ", the previous content is not important, and the focus is on the content behind it. Therefore, you must answer the part after "begin.

Therefore, in the question, "unknown" is used for the unknown factor in the previous item, and "unknown" is used for the unknown factor in the next item ". Here, "category" and "category" cannot be exchanged, or the meaning has completely changed.

3. "renew" and "renew" are used for different regions.

Last time I talked about the significance of the main lattice Auxiliary Word "shen" in front of it, prompting that the significance of the Auxiliary Word "shen" is behind it. So how should we use it in normal read/write and sessions?

Generally, there are many "Speaker" topics mentioned for the first time, because the speaker focuses on this topic. When talking about the topic again, it becomes a known factor. The speaker usually focuses on the specific content of the topic, so there are more "attention.

Example 1. zookeeper was born. (Zookeeper in red) zookeeper in red.

In the first half of the sentence of Example 1, the speaker's intention is focused on the "red envelope" in the previous item. Therefore, "Attention" is used ". In the latter half of the sentence, the speaker focuses on the latter item, that is, "is a boy or a girl". Therefore, the speaker uses "yellow", and the "Red yellow" in the brackets is generally omitted.

Example 2: daily outgoing traffic is too large. Zookeeper has been widely used, and small numbers have been widely used.

When objectively describing natural phenomena, use "natural ". This can also be understood as the first time the matter was mentioned. The speaker still "unknown" the matter, so "unknown" is used ". However, when objectively describing natural phenomena, they often jump from one item to another. Therefore, they often use "Seek. In fact, this issue also needs to be "resolved" when it appears 2nd times in the article. For example:

Example 3: daily outgoing traffic is always valid. I'm just starting to know how easy it is .... On the day of July 15, the peak zookeeper and zookeeper probe about zookeeper.

Except for the long modifier statement of the subject, the sentence before "Limit" is generally not too long. However, because the focus of "Attention" is on the content behind it, the theme sentence mentioned by "Attention" can often be dragged down for a long time.

4. usage of "region", "region", and "Region" (1)

Regarding the usage of geauxiliary words "に", "へ", and "で", "に" and "へ" can both represent directions and places, but "に" emphasizes places more, "direction" emphasizes the direction, while "direction" indicates the range. Sometimes they can be exchanged, sometimes they cannot be exchanged, and sometimes they change the semantics. Complicated and trivial, making people dizzy. It is difficult for beginners to differentiate the differences.

We have never wondered whether children are talented in language learning. So let us go back to our children's level. We may be able to figure out the usage of "growth", "Growth", and "growth.

I think that if you use symbols to visualize and understand them, even beginners can easily understand and master "NLP", "NLP", and "NLP. In general, "Arrow" indicates a small dot, "Arrow" indicates an arrow with an arrow, and "Arrow" indicates a large circle.

First, compare the differences between "dimensions" and "dimensions", such:

Example 1. ○ another female leader walks through the shopping spree. -- She ran to the stadium.

Example 2. ○ driving a car to the stadium

Example 3. ○ a train arrives at the stadium in Tokyo

Example 4. ○ another female leader's sports organization follows the upper-right corner. -- She ran to the stadium.

Example 5. ○ driving a car to the stadium

Example 6. XX Dongjing: A train arriving at the stadium

"Points" and "points", that is, both points and arrows can represent the target and direction, but "points" focuses on a point of the target, therefore, the distance between the verb action and the target point is not emphasized. The role of "Arrow" is, after all, an arrow with an arrow. Therefore, the distance between the verb action and the target point must be placed between the next arrow. It is not difficult to see why "rolling" cannot be used in Example 6, because there is no Arrow between the verb "rolling" and the target "Dong Jing.

5. usage of "region", "region", and "Region" (2)

I talked about the difference between "classification" and "classification". Let's compare the difference between "classification" and "classification.

The difference between "Period" and "Period" can be roughly recorded as the difference between "point" and "circle.

Specifically, "vertex" indicates a vertex. That is, the subject or vertex. It can be a point in time, a point in space, an abstract point, or a point in an object. "Yu", which can be translated into Chinese ". For example:

Example 1. Starting from the fifth day .... Starting at a.m. (a point in time)

Example 2. zookeeper is empty .... Pigeons fly to the Sky (a point in space)

Example 3. He was taken to the upper-right corner .... He is a man who struggles for the ideal (a point of abstraction)

"Circle" indicates a circle. As if the place is circled, a specific action is carried out in the circle. But whether it is abstract or concrete, it can only circle space, rather than time. "Exist" is equivalent to "exist" in Chinese ". For example:

Example 4: zookeeper is empty .... Birds fly in the sky. (It can be a flying flight, indicating the space range)

Example 5: The car is running in the middle of the road .... Reading in the car. (Take the car as the circle and read in the scope)

Example 6: A hacker in zookeeper is immediately followed by another hacker .... Catch up with a rabbit in a dream. (Abstract scope)

See the following example:

Example 7. ○ Dongjing Zhuyu .... Living in Tokyo. (A point on the plane)

Example 8. XX Dongjing district .... Living in Tokyo.

Example 9. ○ Dongjing xiaomuyun .... Living in Tokyo. (Take the city east as the circle and live in its scope)

Example 10. XX Dongjing xiaomuyun .... Living in Tokyo.

"Living" refers to staying at the "point" of the place of life, with no specific action. Therefore, "Tokyo" in Example 7 serves as a "point" in the space for its stay, and "region" is used instead of "region ". "Muyun" refers to "life" and has specific actions. Therefore, "Tokyo" in Example 9 is the scope of the action, and "yellow" is used instead of "yellow ".

Finally, remember one sentence: "growth" is a point, "growth" is a token, and "growth" is an arrow.

6. When it comes to compliments, it is easy to use "Taobao" and less "Taobao"

There is a saying in my hometown that "the lady of the flowers raises people ". It means that people need to give compliments to each other to improve their relationships. In Japan, compliments are used more. Because Chinese and Japanese language habits are different, the expressions are certainly different. Therefore, in terms of the use of auxiliary words, we 'd better pay attention to the use of "Attention" instead of "attention ". For example, if your girlfriend, classmates, and colleagues are dressed beautifully today, you can praise her:

Example 1: ○ today, we have been doing this .... You are very beautiful today.

Example 2: ○ today, the Foreign Service is being processed .... You are dressed beautifully today.

Never say:

Example 3: × today, we have been doing this .... You are very beautiful today (yes.

(Implication: not usually)

Example 4: × today, the Foreign Service is being processed .... You are dressed beautifully today (yes.

(Implication: I usually do not wear very well)

Why is there such an out-of-the-box feeling when we use "gossip? This is probably because "comparison" has the meaning of "difference and comparison. The "difference and comparison" of "comparison" is to distinguish the content before "comparison" from others and emphasize its special characteristics, there is an implication that "how do you not know about other occasions", or "other occasions are not like this. Another example:

Example 5: The primary school takes a break from the primary school today.

... (I usually go to school every day) but today I do not go to school.

(Example 6) Today, I am going to bed early.

... (I have been sleeping late at ordinary times.) Let's go to bed early today.

On the contrary, "category" indicates similar listing, or only one item is proposed as the topic based on the implied class column. It is equivalent to "also" in Chinese ".

Although "comparison" indicates "difference and comparison", it sometimes does not exclude others, but distinguishes the content before "comparison" from others. However, since there is a "margin" that represents the list, the Japanese who are good at compliment are often used to "category ". To show that the other party is not only very good today, but also very good at ordinary times, it is worth compliment.

You can also use "Praise" and "Praise" for criticism. Even if you are a child:

Example 7: today, we have a very small number of sub-accounts.

... You are also very embarrassed today.

I believe that he or she will be in full bloom.

7. Japanese rhythm like machine gun

Speaking of rhythm, I always feel that everything in Japan is too fast. Life is good, school is good, work is good, every day is like fighting. In addition, even speaking has a sense of rhythm. When you look at the voice of a Japanese speaker, the pronunciation time is the same as the strength of a single voice, and the tone is not even surging and frustrated, such as pattern, and pattern... , Just like opening a machine gun.

It is said that the speed of speaking Japanese is the fastest in the world, that is, the most syllables appear every minute. The Chinese tone we are used to is as high as singing. It is not easy to change the habit of speaking to the same strength and rhythm of machine guns at the same interval.

I think I have tried many methods to grasp the pronunciation of Japanese when I was a beginner. For example, when standing up and reading aloud, it is more convenient to beat a child. In the face of a noisy like "yellow, yellow; when a long voice is received, the pronunciation is extended, and two beats are used. The "yellow" is also regarded as one beat, and the front sound is added as a two-beat nose; when I met the promotion sound (the little "yellow"), it felt like a rock was mixed, and suddenly paused, stopped for 1 shot and then sent a next sound. In this way, the rhythm is gradually found. (The Japanese have heard about "too many days of reading ).

I think the most difficult thing for Chinese people to grasp is the long and promotion sounds. They often have insufficient time to pull Long sounds and cannot stop at 1 beat. This is mainly a habit. As long as you practice well, one day you will suddenly become enlightened.

With a sense of rhythm, let's look back at some Japanese words, especially slang. Although there is no philosophy as a Chinese proverb, there is a certain rhythm, don't have a taste. For example:

「 (またじ )」... 3 + 3 beats

There are many good things in China, but many evil spirits in Japan. Generally, the winners have to endure some setbacks. As long as you keep working hard, you will be able to master Japanese flexibly.

「 There is no such thing as a great deal of cake in the middle of the road 」 ------ 7 + 5 shots

Beginners can succeed with unremitting efforts. When the translation is started from ignorance.