Common directives
LS Display file or directory
-l list File details L (list)
-a lists all files and directories under the current directory, including Hidden A (all)
mkdir Creating a Directory
-P Create directory, if no parent directory, create p (parent)
CD Switch Directory
Touch creates an empty file
Echo creates a file with content.
Cat View File Contents
CP Copy
MV Move or rename
RM Delete File
-R Recursive Delete, can delete subdirectories and files
-F Force Delete
Find searches a file system for a file
WC statistics Text line number, word count, number of characters
Grep finds a string in a text file
RmDir Delete Empty Directory
Tree structure display directory, need to install tree package
PWD Displays the current directory
LN creates a linked file
More, less pagination displays text file contents
Head, tail display file header, tail content
CTRL+ALT+F1 command line full-screen mode
Rename Directory A to B
MV A B
Move the/a directory to/b and rename to C
mv/a/b/c
System administration Commands
Stat Displays details of the specified file, more detailed than LS
Who shows online login
WHOAMI Show current Operation user
Hostname Display host name
Uname Display System Information
Top dynamic display currently consumes the most resources process information
PS Display transient process status Ps-aux
Du view directory size Du-h/home with units display directory information
DF View disk size df-h with unit display disk information
Ifconfig Viewing network conditions
Ping Test network connectivity
Netstat Displaying network status information
Man command won't work, find men like: Guy ls
Clear Clear Screen
Alias renamed the Command as: Alias showmeit= "Ps-aux", in addition to de-use Unaliax Showmeit
Kill kills the process, you can first view the process ID with the PS or Top command, and then kill the process with the kill command.
Packaging compression-related commands
Gzip:
BZIP2:
Tar: Packaging compression
-C Archive File
-X Compressed file
-Z gzip Compressed file
-j bzip2 Compressed Files
-V shows the compression or decompression process V (view)
-F Use file name
Cases:
TAR-CVF/HOME/ABC.TAR/HOME/ABC only packaged, not compressed
TAR-ZCVF/HOME/ABC.TAR.GZ/HOME/ABC packaged and compressed with gzip
TAR-JCVF/HOME/ABC.TAR.BZ2/HOME/ABC packaged and compressed with bzip2
Of course, if you want to decompress, just replace the above command TAR-CVF/TAR-ZCVF/TAR-JCVF "C" in the "X".
Shut down/Restart the machine
Shutdown
-R shutdown Restart
-H shutdown does not restart
Now turn the machine off.
Halt shut down the machine
Reboot restart
Linux Pipelines
Use the standard output of one command as the standard input for another command. That is, the combination of several commands to use, the latter command in addition to the results of a previous command.
Example: Grep-r "Close"/home/* | More in the home directory to find all files, including close files, and paging output.
Linux Package Management
dpkg (Debian package) management tool with a. deb suffix. This approach is suitable for systems that are not networked.
For example, install the tree command installation package, first upload tree.deb to the Linux system. Then install it using the command below.
sudo dpkg-i tree_1.5.3-1_i386.deb installation software
sudo dpkg-r tree Uninstall software
Note: There are several ways to upload tree.deb to a Linux system. Vmwaretool, use of Mount mode, use of WINSCP tools, etc.;
APTAdvanced Packaging tool. This method is suitable for the system to be able to connect the internet situation.
Still take tree as an example
sudo apt-get install tree
sudo apt-get remove tree unload tree
sudo apt-get update software
sudo apt-get upgrade
Convert the.rpm file to. Deb file
. RPM is the software format used by Redhat. cannot be used directly under Ubuntu, so you need to convert it.
sudo alien abc.rpm
Vim use
Vim three modes: Command mode, insert mode, edit mode. Use ESC or I or: to toggle the mode.
Command mode:
: Q exit
: q! Force exit
: Wq Save and exit
: Set number Displays line numbers
: Set Nonumber hidden line number
/apache find Apache in the document press N to jump to the next, Shift+n previous
YYP Copy the cursor line, and paste
H (move left one character ←), J (next line ↓), K (previous line ↑), L (move right one character →)
Linux Common commands