Linux OPS engineers must learn the 8 necessary IT skills

After growing up a Linux engineer, I realized the sadness behind the road. Thank you very much for supporting my companion and teacher, is that you encourage me, persist in the end, only in this industry foothold.

If you are learning Linux, then it is highly recommended that you choose Rhel and CentOS as a learning Linux distribution, in companies and enterprises they are the most used, after all, learning in addition to being a hobby, followed by employment. CentOS is a clone version of Rhel, free to use, two distributions without any distinction. Growing up as a Linux engineer requires only the ability to master the following skills, which is not a problem in everyday work.

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1. A solid foundation

Imagine if there is no solid foundation, how to see the file type, view the system running status, edit files, output files, create users, assign account permissions, use RAID technology and LVM disk array, such as the most basic knowledge, must master solid, in order to go farther. About basic skills to buy a book "Linux should Learn" to self-study, this is my technical enlightenment reading, very good.

2. Building Services

There are many kinds of services on Linux, and each company uses different, but the most common and basic must learn, like FTP, Bind, DHCP, Samba services to understand will be simple configuration, and lnmp and lamp to be quite skilled, not only to build, To be familiar with the configuration of the service, each company will use to the Web server, so Apache and Nginx to master, some companies will use to Tomcat, so nginx technology more demanding refinement. The company's network has been deployed to complete, do not need to consider the network problems, and for the Network Foundation is poor, and even IP, subnet mask do not understand, that another please pick up CCNA books to learn.

3. Scripting language

The shell language is what you have to do in this industry, if not, then wash your sleep. Some simple system Management Shell scripts are also the most common and used. Don't assume that you'll look at CPU utilization, memory usage, and so on, which may not actually solve your problem, most significant of which is the system script. Another use of the language is the current comparison of the fire of Python, program efficiency, syntax, concise and clear advantages, to achieve our automated operation and maintenance.

4. Manipulating text files commands: sed, awk, grep

These three powerful commands are called the Three Musketeers in the Linux world. The two of SED and awk also have to be mastered, and the most used in the work. The grep command is a powerful text-search tool that uses regular expressions to search for text and prints the matching lines. Sed is a streamlined, non-interactive editor that performs the same editing tasks as editing VI and Emacs, but the SED editor does not provide an interactive way of using the edit command only at the command line. Awk is a programming language that is highly functional in the processing of documentation, and awk is adept at extracting data from formatted messages or from a large text file. You also need to master regular expressions, which are more powerful with SED and awk, and are useful for working with text and filtering the Web.

5.MariaDB Database

The most used database on Linux was MySQL, and the MySQL database management system was moved from open source to closed by Oracle, resulting in the selection of MARIADB for many Linux distributions, including Red Hat. Regardless of which database you use, you need to master the basic commands for creating, deleting, adding, querying, backing up, and recovering data.

6.Firewalld and Iptables

The FIREWALLD service replaces the Iptables service in the Red Hat RHEL7 system, and the iptables still exists on the old server version and needs to learn to use the firewall. Really do not learn, firewall is a difficult point, all kinds of rules, you will be dizzy. In order to ensure the safe operation of the Linux system, the firewall must go through the cut, the specific introduction can see the "Linux should learn" Book of the eighth chapter: http://www.linuxprobe.com/chapter-08.html

7. Monitoring Zabbix and Nagios

Server running real-time feedback, completely rely on a good monitoring tool, found that the first time the problem can be effective in a timely manner to avoid greater losses. For beginners, Nagios is simple and intuitive and easy to get started, but the Zabbix interface is more aesthetically pleasing and more difficult to get started with. For enterprise monitoring applications, both can achieve large-scale monitoring, are sufficient to meet user needs, there is no absolute good or bad. Zabbix is open source for commercial software, and Nagios is a free software plug-in combination. Let's all learn!

8.rsync Backup Data

Data is the most valuable asset of an enterprise, and it is natural to protect the data. The principle of RAID to understand the configuration, know the enterprise data structure, a variety of backup methods to ensure the security of data. Rsync maintains the original file permissions, time, soft and hard links, and so on, can be mirrored to save the entire directory tree and file system. With a backup you can restore the original data from the backup, regardless of the device failure.

Mastering these technologies, can be qualified for an operations engineer's work, welcome "into the Pit" Linux operations. Can stick to here is not easy, learning Linux is the most important thing is to tap the keyboard, not like windows as a graphical point to point to, the advantage is that Linux no graphics compared to save memory, and for Linux novice, it is recommended that you do not bare-metal installation of Linux system, learning Linux is to find abuse , there may be some misoperation caused by data loss or need to build a test service need to put the previously configured things to delete and so on, or the virtual machine to get a variety of tinker, you can quickly revert to the previous snapshot, improve their learning efficiency. Good luck and soon become a Linux OPS Siege lion.

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Linux OPS engineers must learn the 8 necessary IT skills