Linux root file system details, linux Root details

Linux root file system details, linux Root details

 

ELF: storage format of executable files

Executable, connectable files

 

File System:

Rootfs: root file system

Ls/

/Boot: files related to system startup, such as kernel, initrd, and grub (boot Loader bootloader)

Vmlinux-2.6.18-308.el5

Initrd-2.6.18-308.el5.img

/Dev: Device File, yellow. Note: All devices are identified as files.

The device file is only the access point for data on the device.

Block devices: Random Access, block-Based Access

Character devices: Linear access, sequential access, character-based access, keyboard, mouse, and display

Device No.: main device No. (major) and sub-device No. (minor)

Symbolic Link file:

Dvd, → hdc

Cdrom, → hdc

Cdrom-hdc, → hdc

Cdrw, → hdc

Cdrw-hdc, → hdc

Cdwriter, → hdc

Cdwriter-hdc, → hdc

/Etc: configuration file, plain text

/Home: the home directory of the user. The default home directory of each user is/home/USERNAME.

/Root: Administrator's home directory

/Lib: library file and kernel module file,

Note: The library file cannot be executed independently, and there is no program access portal and can only be called

Library: encapsulated functions, which can be called directly

/Lib/modules: kernel module File

Static Library:.

Dynamic library:. dll,. so (shared object) shared object

For example, program A uses shared library a and stores it in the memory. Program B uses shared library a and uses it directly in the memory. Shared library a uses only one occupied space in the memory, greatly saving the memory space.

Static Library: Included in program

/Lost + found: storage host suddenly loses power and files cannot be saved.

/Media: mount point directory, mobile devices, USB flash drives, optical disks,

/Mnt: mount point directory, additional temporary file system, Hard Disk

Mount: Linux. You need to associate the device with a node in the root file system.

/Misc: Miscellaneous

/Opt: optional, available Directory, installation directory of third-party programs

/Proc: pseudo file system, kernel ing file, kernel attribute

/Sys: pseudo file system, property ing file related to hardware devices

Modify disk scheduling queues, I/O scheduling queues, etc.

/Tmp: temporary file, green, permission t

All users can create their own temporary files and only delete their own temporary files.

/Var: changeable File

/Var/tmp: Temporary File

Pid: process ID

/Bin: binary, binary, executable file, USER command, related to system startup

/Sbin: super, management command, related to system startup

/Usr: universal shared read-only, globally shared read-only files, read-only files,

/Usr/bin:

/Usr/sbin:

/Usr/lib:

/Usr/local: third-party software installation directory

/Usr/local/bin:

/Usr/local/sbin:

/Usr/local/lib:

 

Naming rules:

1. Strictly case sensitive;

2. The length cannot exceed 255 characters;

3. Cannot Use/when the file name

 

Relative Path:

Absolute path:

 

File Management

Directory management

Ls

Cd

Pwd

Mkdir: Create an empty directory

Run the program

Device management

Software management

Process Management

Network Management