Linux Study Notes 1-ubuntu installation and basic settings, Study Notes 1-ubuntu

Linux Study Notes 1-ubuntu installation and basic settings, Study Notes 1-ubuntu

In the past few days, we have already met Huawei, and we have two e-mails with Alibaba. It looks like everything went smoothly. However, it seems that the interviewers of various major companies will ask more or less questions about programming skills in the linux environment, and I am quite involved in this field, I chose the computer system basics and the Operating System Basics courses in my sophomore and junior years respectively in the linux environment. Now I have forgotten the basics and only remember the terminal commands. In order to cope with more interviews, we should first learn about the telecom project in the past few days... the grand goal is to build a hadoop platform and then compile the map-reduce program.

Install ubuntu

(1) First of all, we need to install one machine. My DELL brand machine was dug out from the foot of a senior engineer. It has not been used for many years, memory 1.25G |--, but the hard disk has 1 TB, which is very unscientific.

(2) ubuntu can be installed either from a CD or from a USB flash disk. In view of the limited number of lab machines that can dial, choose to install from the USB flash disk. Remember to copy the data from the USB flash drive first, because it will be formatted later. In addition, it is recommended that the USB flash drive be larger than 2 GB.

(3) Go to Baidu and click "UltraISO". Download and install it later. Then download an iso file for the linux operating system (you can go to http://www.ubuntu.com/#topto find the appropriate file. The actual file is ubuntu-14.04-20.top-i386.iso ). After downloading the iso file, right-click it and choose UltraISO> Start> write hard disk image> select the path of the USB flash drive> write. After a few minutes, the USB flash drive becomes a linux operating system installation disk.

(4) Insert the engraved USB flash drive into the computer to be installed, and press a hot key upon startup (different motherboard types include ESC, DEL, F1, F10, F12, etc ), then select start from USB Device in BIOS. There is a problem here. If the BIOS is locked, you are prohibited from starting from USB, and you are not able to unlock the password, at this time, various gods will teach you how to discharge the BIOS or something... Not clear. I encountered this problem, but I did not solve it myself. Later, I was able to install it by a senior student (which seems to be the same as I did. Next time, let's see if you will encounter the same problem. When you encounter this problem, let's look at the cause.

(5) After installation, open the terminal and execute: sudo passwd-u root to start the administrator account. Otherwise, many operations may fail. The details about user group management will be studied later when necessary.

(6) network settings. If the user interface is installed, go to System Settings> Network> Options> IPV4 Settings to set your IP address, gateway, and DNS server. To modify network settings directly from the command line, refer to http://www.cnblogs.com/rusty/archive/2011/04/06/2007139.html. I do not need to set up a VPN for the moment. I will try again later.

(7) Remote Logon Settings. For remote login, ssh, vnc, and xrdp are the mainstream ones. I only use ssh. Openssh-client is installed in ubuntu by default, so that you can remotely log on to other machines from the local machine. To log on to the local machine from another machine, you need to install openssh-server. To open the terminal, run sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get upgrade to update the software source. Otherwise, various software installation problems may occur. Run sudo apt-get install openssh-server. After the installation is complete, we recommend that you restart the system (otherwise it seems that there is no response, at least I did not respond), and then execute: sutos/etc/init. d/ssh start on the terminal. Then, run ps-e | grep ssh to view the openssh running status. If sshd and ssh-agent are executed, the installation is successful. If only ssh-agent is installed, the openssh-server is not installed. Then, you can use tools such as putty, winscp, and Xshell on a remote machine to log on to this machine. If you still cannot log on, try to run ufw disable on the terminal to close the firewall, I don't know why.

At present, there are so many. Next we need to install the Java environment and then practice modifying the file in vim.

 

I want to learn how to install a ubuntu

Linux is not a language. linux is the most strict type of operating system kernel, rather than an operating system. Of course, linux is now collectively referred to as an operating system with linux as the kernel. Ubuntu is an operating system with linux as the kernel. Linux is very different from windows. If you take the first step, I think you should first learn to use this operating system, as you are familiar with windows, linux involves many terminal operations. Although the so-called terminal seems to be similar to the command interpreter cmd in windows, it is essentially different, linux terminals can be called external interfaces of the kernel, while windows cmd only simulates dos. You can use the terminal to almost control the entire ubuntu system, but in windows, cmd can only do some very limited operations. More importantly, all linux Kernel Operating Systems have almost the same terminal operations.
You will certainly encounter many problems when using ubuntu. You should first learn to solve these problems and then think more deeply about things and use more terminal operations.

Install linux in a notebook for learning

This machine can run ubuntu 11.04, in addition, the live mode allows you to easily install and uninstall other software and retain XP at the same time. In addition, the software in ubuntu is also rich, and you can directly find it in the Software Center. we recommend that you use ubuntu