Previous section content:
1. System and Directory Management
2. PWD command
3. ... and.. Directory
4. Relative path and absolute path
Job: Enter the OPT path, using the relative path method and the absolute path method to enter into the actually any sub-directory
Cd/opt
Relative path CD RH
Absolute path CD/OPT/RH
File related actions:
1. Create a file: Touch command
Easiest way to use: Touch file name, create or modify file access and modify time for current time if file does not exist directly create empty file
First we create a file Test.txt, perform touch test.txt
Can see that I created a file, the time is March 17 14:41 minutes, this is not test.txt this file, now that the file already exists, then we execute the Touch test.txt command again, to see the details of the file:
You can see that the date of the file changed and became 14:43
The touch command has some parameters:
Take the first parameter as an example to illustrate the use of a parameter with
Touch–a test.txt only modifies access time
You can see that the recent change time has not changed.
2. Delete Files: RM command
The RM command is used to delete files or remove links.
Basic usage is RM [options] File
To delete a file:
The simplest usage, RM file name, for example we want to delete test.txt file, execute RM test.txt can
Can be found, the deletion will let us confirm that the input Y will not perform the delete operation, by adding the-f parameter, you can force the deletion, do not need our confirmation, such as:
To delete a folder:
Direct use of RM folder, will error
To add the –d parameter, you can delete the directory
Similarly, add-f parameter, do not need to confirm to delete
When we add a file Test.txt under the Test folder, and then use Rm–d test, you cannot delete
Add –r can cascade delete files under the folder, RM–DR test
After confirming 3 times, delete the test folder, again, we add the-f parameter, can be deleted directly
More parameters that can be viewed with rm–help
3. Move or rename files: MV command
MV Command: Move the source file to the directory location, or move multiple files to the directory
Basic usage:
MV [options] source file directory
For example, we move the test.txt under the root directory to the test folder
Also we can rename a file by moving a file in the same directory, for example, we have the name of the Test.txt Test.doc, only need to use MV Test.txt Test.doc
Move multiple files, you can enter more than one file name, compare we want to put the test folder below the two files Test.txt,test2.txt moved to the Test2 folder below, you can use the following command
4. View files: Cat command
Basic usage: Cat file name
For example, we want to view/var/log/maillog, we can view it directly with Cat/var/log/maillog
5. View file header: Head command
The head command is used to view the contents at the beginning of the file, the first 10 rows are displayed by default, and the number of rows of output can be specified by the-n parameter, as well as maillog for example, Head/var/log/maillog
Specify to display the first 2 rows, Head/var/log/maillog–n 2
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6. View end of File: Tail command
The tail command displays the trailing information of the file, displaying the first 10 rows by default and using-N to specify the number of rows to display
Take Maillog as an example, Tail/var/log/maillog
Specify 2 rows to display Tail/var/log/maillog–n 2
Job: Create file Test.txt in root directory, create directory Test (command is mkdir), move test.txt to test directory, and rename to Test.doc
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Linux System Command Learning Series 8-File related Operations Touch,rm,mv,cat,head,tail command