Network integrated wiring engineering knowledge

There are still many things worth learning about the network integrated wiring project. Here we mainly introduce how to choose the communication medium of the network integrated wiring project, this section describes the issues that should be paid attention to during the implementation and design of the integrated network cabling project.

Network Cabling knowledge Summary
 
1. How to select the communication medium for the integrated network cabling project?
Answer: currently, the main problems facing the selection of communication media for network cabling are optical fiber cables or Copper Twisted Pair wires. First, consider the communication distance. For most office environments, the required wiring length is generally lower than the 100 m distance limit of the copper cable. If there is no confidentiality problem, the electromagnetic signals transmitted or received by the copper cable have little impact on most office environments. Therefore, the network cabling and communication media selected by most common office environments are still twisted pair copper cables. For user organizations that require the provision of gigabit network communication capabilities to the desktop, the compliance standards should be at least five categories of standards published by EIA/TIA and ISO. These performance standards meet the needs of basic high-speed network applications. The frequency supported by the six types of cabling systems is 200 MHz, and the communication rate of the encoding systems running at 200 MHz is higher.

The cost of optical fiber cabling is high, but the transmission distance is longer, the communication bandwidth is higher, and it is safe and will not be affected by the electromagnetic interference of power cables, in many aspects, unshielded twisted pair wire communication is solved. To improve the communication performance of the main LAN system, optical fiber is usually used in the vertical subsystem of structured cabling, and the installation of optical fiber systems is not excluded in horizontal subsystem cabling. The optical fiber system can be installed when copper cables are installed according to specific application requirements. For remote LAN users whose cabling distance may exceed 100 m, directly installing the Optical Fiber Channel instead of creating a separate wiring room can save costs. Multi-mode optical fiber is usually used in the vertical trunk subsystem of structured cabling. However, to meet future bandwidth requirements, you may wish to increase your investment slightly, when the multi-mode optical fiber trunk subsystem is installed, the corresponding single-mode optical fiber system is installed, and the single-mode optical fiber system can be temporarily hidden or not connected. In this way, these single-mode optical fibers can be easily enabled when higher bandwidth is required in the future.

2. What problems should I pay attention to during the implementation and design of the integrated network cabling project?
Answer: The design of the network cabling project plays a decisive role in the entire process of cabling. The design institution of the project implementation should be cautious. Pay attention to the following issues during design.

1) Compliance with Standardization Standards

The implementation design of structured cabling should not only be rigorous, meet user requirements, but also make the cost reasonable and conform to standardized standards. There are strict regulations and a series of standardized standards for structured cabling at home and abroad. These standards have clearly defined all aspects of the structured cabling system and stipulated their design requirements and technical indicators.

2) design based on actual conditions

First, we must fully investigate and study the buildings implemented in the project, and collect the drawings and materials of the construction, decoration, and other related projects of the building, in addition, we fully consider the user's construction investment budget requirements, application requirements, construction progress requirements, and other factors. If the Structured Cabling scheme is determined when the building is under preparation, the specific requirements on Structured Cabling can be raised to the design institution based on the overall layout and cabling requirements of the building, in this way, some preliminary cabling projects can be completed while building. If the cabling project is implemented simultaneously with the interior decoration project on the basis of the original building, the cabling design must be carried out according to the original building situation, the decoration project design and the actual exploration results.

3) Pay attention to selection and Layout

Material Selection and layout arrangements in the cabling implementation design have a direct impact on the construction cost. In the design, appropriate types of wiring cables and connectors should be selected based on the needs of network construction institutions. The different levels of selected cabling materials have a great impact on the overall technical metrics of the solution. We recommend that you use a series of ancillary products from a vendor in cabling. Because wiring is a system, rather than a simple combination of cables and components. In addition to the direct impact on the construction cost, the layout arrangement design also determines whether the network wiring is reasonable. For a multi-storey building, it is best to set the information center network data center with the network trunk switch of the entire building on the central floor of the building. If a wiring room is set for each floor, it is best to set it in the middle of the floor. This design not only shortens the wiring length of the main vertical and horizontal subsystems, saves materials, reduces costs, but also reduces unnecessary channel transmission distance, which improves the quality of Ding communication.

3. What problems should I pay attention to during the implementation of the network integrated wiring project?

Answer: The construction of a network integrated wiring project involves many factors. The on-site director of the Construction Department must have high scheduling and operation capabilities, department coordination capabilities, and good quality, the on-site decision-making capability usually depends on the understanding of the design and the mastery of the wiring technical specifications. The network construction organization should always pay attention to the progress of the cabling implementation, and promptly resolve various problems in the implementation with the engineering design department and construction department. Pay attention to the following issues during cabling.

1) Select qualified construction units

Structured Cabling corresponds to the physical layer of the computer network architecture and is the most critical layer. Most of the faults in the computer network come from this layer. When selecting a wiring construction unit, in addition to the time-effective construction qualification certificate, it is best to also hold the Construction Qualification Certification of the cabling product manufacturer.

2) strengthen project coordination

Structured Cabling is a comprehensive project, which is often carried out at the same time as the interior decoration of a building. Cabling construction should be expected to arrive at the site as soon as possible, the materials used for cabling should be promptly put in place, and the cabling construction department should communicate with the interior decoration department in a timely manner, so that cabling implementation should always be carried out in a coordinated environment.

3) Take care of subsequent construction steps

Leave sufficient room for pipeline pre-burial during cabling. Pay attention to the selection of reasonable caliber pipelines, and try to leave gaps when there are many turns, fully considering the construction difficulties of subsequent processes. When wiring cables, mark them at both ends of the cables. After cables are laid in place, it is usually necessary to wait for other work in the interior decoration to complete the installation of the socket module and panel, especially after the wall paint is complete.

4) Close the product

During the cabling implementation process, you must pay attention to the product. Select products of companies with good reputation and strength. To facilitate construction, management, and maintenance, it is best to select a manufacturer's products such as cables, plugs, sockets, and distribution frames and purchase goods from regular channels. Before the project starts, the construction organization shall deliver the samples of the materials used to the network construction organization for sealing. When starting material packaging, the construction unit should keep the warranty and product certificates in the packaging and submit them to the Construction Network for backup. Before use, you must perform a performance test on the product. During cabling implementation, it is necessary to promptly rework counterfeit and shoddy products once discovered.

5) ensure good engineering quality

In addition to the quality of the product, all types of cable systems must be constructed and installed before they can be completed. The cabling implementation process has a great impact on the performance of the cable system. During the cabling implementation process, the construction department must conduct relevant standard tests on the installed cable system to ensure quality.

6) wiring and Installation issues that require widespread attention

When laying cables, pay special attention to the available space for cabling, including the space in the ceiling pole (hanging item), under the floor, in the cable trough and in the pipe. Adjust the areas that are not considerate in the design at any time according to the actual situation. Generally, cable manufacturers will provide indicators such as the Minimum bending radius and maximum tension of cables. In international standards for cabling, there are strict regulations on the length and internal bending radius of cabling pipes. When laying cables, you must always note that the cable length cannot exceed the specifications. This length includes the horizontal trunk wiring length and the Jumper length used. After a cable is laid out, the tester should be immediately used for testing. Do not wait until all the cables are laid out. The Basic Link test on the instrument is provided for the construction unit to test and use during the Cabling Process, while the Channel test is used during the overall acceptance of the cabling system. The network switching point is often a potential weak link in the network. The switch point is usually a cable outlet, where the user device connects to the network through a jumper. The outlet position and installation quality are strictly required in the wiring design.

7) Pay special attention to optical fiber cabling

Because the technical requirements for fiber cabling construction are higher than those for twisted pair cabling, the construction department and the network construction department should pay special attention to it and master the basic knowledge of fiber connection. Fiber connections include permanent connections, emergency connections, and active connections. Select an appropriate connection method as needed.

The cable layout is similar to or similar to that of the cable. It is laid in a dark pipe or trough inside a building. Generally, it is not explicitly applied. The layout method is the same as that of cables outside the building. Considering the large communication capacity, important nature, and special characteristics of cable materials, the cables should be placed in underground telecommunication pipelines to meet the requirements of underground and underground communication lines.

8) Pay attention to the Fire Prevention of the cabling system

When structured cabling systems are widely introduced to a building, improper use of protective layer materials in the cabling system will pose a great risk to the safety of the building. Structured Cabling uses a variety of plastic materials, and the combustion value is very high. When the temperature is too high, it is easy to cause fire. In order to reduce the damage and harm to people in case of fire, the cables with high fire prevention standards should be selected as much as possible during the implementation of wiring. For polyvinyl chloride PVC cables, toxic gases and chlorine molecules are generated during combustion, so try not to use them.

9) attach importance to the grounding problem of shielding network integrated wiring engineering

If you select a network cabling project with the shielding function, good grounding measures must be taken. The grounding of shielded cabling shall comply with relevant standards and regulations.

10) attaching importance to the connection

The most vulnerable part of the structured network integrated wiring project is the plug-in link. The twisted pair structure of the twisted pair is damaged and squashed in a small space. The pairs cross or cross each other and push them into the joint in parallel, fixed wires also damage the metal structure, resulting in impedance changes, affecting the return loss.

11) Attach jumper

Jumper is the most frequently touched and changed part of the entire structured cabling. They are at the most energetic position of the sent signal and the weakest position of the received signal energy. A small impedance change will bring about 3% ~ 4% reflection, the reflection from the end of the link to the middle of the link is one of the main factors that cause damage to the transmission signal, but also affect the near-end crosstalk. In the actual network integrated wiring project, jumpers are often used at will, such as Winding between tables and chairs, powerful drag or drop, or being squeezed by heavy objects, which will cause permanent damage to the jumper.

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