NFC-related technologies and mobile phone Architecture Analysis

I. hardware architecture of NFC mobile phones

The hardware architecture of mobile phone terminals that implement NFC functions should include at leastNFC controller, security module, antenna, application processorAnd other modules.

1. Controller (nfccontrouer): The NFC controller is integrated on the Main Board of the terminal to convert digital signals into RF signals and send them through a 13.56mhz antenna. It is also responsible for receiving RF signals, and convert it into a digital signal to communicate with the terminal application processor and security module.

2. Security Module: This module is used to store users' sensitive data (such as keys and balances) and NFC applications in simulated card mode. It can communicate with external read/write devices through an NFC controller, data storage and transaction process security.

3. Antenna: the antenna is integrated into the terminal and connected to the NFC controller to transmit and receive 13.56m RF signals.

4. Application processor:NFC Terminal Control ModuleTo control and operate the NFC controller and interact with SIM card data. NFC protocol stack software running in application processors and various applicationsProgramTo process and display NFC applications.

Ii. NFC Mobile Phone Software Architecture

The NFC mobile phone software architecture is composedNFC protocol stack, nfcapi and Applications.

1. NFC protocol stack

Analyzes and processes NFC-related protocols. IncludingHardware Abstraction Layer (HAL), operating system abstraction layer (osal), transmission control layer (TCL) and NFC core functions (nfccore).

Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL): abstracts and encapsulates different hardware interfaces and provides unified interfaces to the upper layer.

Operating System Abstraction Layer (osal): abstracts and encapsulates 0 s resources of different platforms and provides unified interfaces to the entire Protocol Stack, such as memory management and message processing.

Transport Control Layer (TCL): built on the HAL Hardware Abstraction Layer, including Logical Link Control, data transmission, and other functions.

NFC core function (nfccore): implements the NFC Core Protocol and provides a unified interface to the upstream layer. Including format analysis and processing, and discovery and registration mechanism.

2. nfcapi

Provides interfaces for upstream applications based on different operating systems and middleware. Use jsr257 and corresponding extensions on the Java Virtual Machine, and use Andro to record nfcapi and corresponding extensions on the Android operating system.

3. NFC applications

NFC terminal applications, includingCard simulation application, reader application, point-to-point applicationThree working modes.

Card mode: This mode is used for non-contact mobile payments, such as malls, transportation, and other applications. You only need to move your mobile phone to the card reader, and then you only need to enter a password to confirm the transaction or directly receive the transaction. For example, access control, ticket, and ticket. In this way, the card is powered by a non-contact card reader, that is, the domain, even if the phone is not powered. Card mode such

Card reader mode: Used as a non-contact card reader, for example, reading related information from the electronic tags of posters or exhibition Information

Point-to-Point Mode: Implements Wireless Data Exchange. Two devices with NFC functions can be connected to achieve point-to-point data transmission, such as downloading music, switching pictures, or synchronizing device address book. Therefore, multiple devices, such as digital cameras, PDAs, computers, and mobile phones, can communicate wirelessly through NFC to exchange information or services.

The communication mode in working mode is divided into active mode and passive mode.Active mode and passive mode for Card Reader.

3. Combination of NFC and mobile phones

1. Integrate with SIM card of mobile phone

NFC can be said to be another extension interface of the subseriberidentitymodule card in the mobile phone. The SIM card is essentially a contact smart card and is only connected to the mobile phone, while NFC technology allows SIM cards to extend from the original contact interface to another non-contact wireless sensor interface. However, this technology involves standardization with different sim card operators.

2. Hardware NFC Chip

The NFC chip is directly welded to the mobile phone motherboard at a low cost and does not involve uniform standards.