Photography terminology (I)

Ambient Light)All light in an environment, including sunlight and artificial light sources such as tungsten lamps or fluorescent lamps. It is also called available light.

Ambient Metering)A hand-held metering table that measures the light that falls on the shooting object.

Angle of View)What the lens sees is included in the viewfinder or LCD screen.

Aperture (Aperture)A variable hole in the lens is used to bring light into the camera. It is also called Level F.

Archival)Description of how long the printed data or materials can be stored properly.

Artifact)Unnaturally colored pixels due to lens deformation or image data tampering.

Asypolicry)Imbalance in the photo.

Available light)See "ambient light ".

Bellows attachment)A Scalable device between the camera body and the lens for taking macro photos.

Bracket)In order to use different settings to expose the same scene several times, the image is usually over-exposed and under-exposed level 1. In post-processing, you can mix image versions with overexposure and underexposure to display more information in high light and shadow areas.

Cable Release)A cable appended to the camera, with a button at the other end. Press the button to open the shutter once. It is convenient to use the shutter line when shooting scenes that require long exposure, because it minimizes camera jitter.

Dark Room (camera obscura)The Latin word indicates the meaning of "dark room. Originally, a dark room has a small opening or aperture that allows the light to enter. An inverted image is formed on the wall opposite the opening.

Catch light)Any light or light source reflected in the eyes of the shooting object.

Interest center of interest)A photo area that attracts attention.

Center-weighted neutral-densityfilter)A piece of Optical Transparent Glass with a dark center, gradually becoming transparent from the center to the edge. Used with a wide-angle lens, especially a panoramic lens, that is, an image is mapped to a film or image board in a ball shape to make the image wider, therefore, the light arriving at the edge is longer than the light passing through the center. Without this filter, the image fades from the center to the edge. With this filter, the light in the center is blocked to make the impression in the image more balanced. Many filters of this type are specially manufactured to match the optical characteristics of a specific lens.

Chip)Is a short form of microchip, a sensor used to store image data.

Circles of confusion)Transmits light to the image board in a scattering manner, controlled by the aperture size.

Close-up)Any image taken from a distance closer than the minimum focal length of a normal lens, used to emphasize details. It is usually shot with a special near-lens or macro lens.

Close-up Filter)A special filter that is screwed into the front of the lens to focus closer than the lens normally allows.

Cmy Color System)In this color system, Blue, magenta, and yellow are primary colors.

CMYK color system)In this color system, Blue, magenta, yellow, and black are primary colors for printing machines.

Color balance)The color temperature of the main light source that can be adjusted.

Color channel)Stores the color and tone information of a color in the color system. For example, the RGB color system has three color channels: one for the red color, the other for the green color, the other for the blue color, the blue color information is stored. The three channels are combined to create color-rich images.

Color-conversion Filter)It is used for major changes in color, usually from the tungsten lamp light to the light of the day and the light of the day to the tungsten lamp.

Color Meter)A device is used to measure the color temperature of the main light source illuminating a specific environment, and a filter lens correction is proposed.

Color temperature)The color measurement of the given light source, in kairvin (k ).

Color Theory)A system that organizes colors based on addition or subtraction.

Complementary color)The color relative to the given color on the color wheel.

Composition)A single design element can be combined to express a specific idea.

Cones)Reflectors in the human eye to perceive sharp details and colors.

Contrast (contrast)The differences between the black and bright colors in the image.

Contrast Filter)A color filter used on a camera lens to brighten Or Darken the color selected from a black-and-white image. For example, the red filter light fades in red and fades in its contrast-blue.

Cornea)The transparent part on the outside of the Eye helps to focus the light.

Correct exposure (correct exposure)The exposure required to show sufficient details is allowed in the highlighted area and shadow area, as evidenced by a smooth histogram.

Crop (CROP)Remove some parts of the image.

Cross-Lighting)Light from the side of the shooting object, used to reveal the texture.

Decisive moment)As defined by henricartier-Bresson, all elements in a scenario reach a balance.

Demosaic)Modify a complete image from the raw data recorded by the sensor.

Depth of field)The total size of the space that appears in the focus before and after the photo is taken. The depth of field of the image can be shortest, and the depth of field means that only a small amount of space is in the focus before and after the shooting object. The depth of field means that there is a lot of space before and after the shooting object to be clearly displayed.

Depth of Field Scale)The lens scales in feet or meters to indicate which parts of the depth of field area will be clearer under a given aperture.

Electromagnetic radiation)Radiation is composed of electromagnetic waves, including radio waves, infrared rays, visible light, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, and gamma rays.

Elements of Design)These individual parts (points, lines, surfaces, and so on) are used to form a diagram.

Environment portrait (Environmental portrait)In such portraits, the environment is the main element of the diagram, while the character is the secondary element, although the character is the main focus.

Equivalent exposure)One exposure provides the same appearance, contrast, and density as the other, but the F-level and shutter speed at the exposure are different.

Establishing shot)Generally, a wide-angle photo provides a panoramic view of a place.

Extended time exposure)An unusual prolonged exposure.

Extension Tube)An inadjustable attachment between the camera body and the lens to allow a closer working distance.

External Flash)A removable or large flashing device that generates light by storing energy (batteries) or works by directly inserting it into the power supply.

F-shop)A variable opening in the lens to allow light to enter the camera. See "Aperture ".

Fill card (fill card)It is usually white (although it can also be silver or gold) cart or foam board, used to reflect light from another light source back to the shooting object.

Film speed)Light Sensitivity of film (or digital sensor), such as ISO classification. Fast (large value) film speed means increased light sensitivity.

Filter)A clear optical medium (such as glass, cast-plastic resin, or gel) carries a fixed color that affects the color of the image. It also refers to the preset effect that can be applied to some part or whole of the image in the image editing software.

Focal Length (focal length)The length of the lens, measured in microns, is the distance from the center point to the image sensor when infinitely focused.

Focal plane (focal plane)The focused light falls on this surface or sensor, and the image is the clearest.

Focus (focal point)The scene area in which the photographer points the camera focus. It is also the interest center in the diagram.

Shorter pivoting (foreshorten)Simplify or distort a 3D object to present it on a two-dimensional plane.

Fovea centre)The clearest area of the visual line in the eyes. Here is the macula of the cone cells.

Frame)Make up the visible area of the image. It generally includes a view in the viewfinder or the camera screen. As a digital sensor determines, it is also the shape of an image, usually a rectangle. It is also called format.

Golden time (golden hour)It is a natural time when bright yellow or golden light appears. It is generally about an hour before sunrise and a day after sunset.

Golden Division (Golden radio)Ratio:. 618. The long side of the golden rectangle is 1.618 times that of the short side.

Golden rectangle (golden rectangle)A two-dimensional ry with Four 90 degrees. The relationship between the long side and the short side is gold-separated. A distinctive feature of the golden rectangle is that if you cut the rectangle into a square, the rest of the rectangle will still be a golden rectangle.

Gradient gray density filter (graduated neutral-densityfilter)Generally, it is a clear filter mirror. from the bottom up, the gray density is gradually deepened. The deeper density absorbs light, but does not change the final color of the image. It has different density, different softness and strong level.

Grayscale (grayscale)A scale that uses 11 gray, black, and white colors corresponds to the partition exposure method in black and white photography.

Hardlight)Light from a small light source (relative to the size of the shooting object) is almost parallel, so that the shadow is clear and has obvious edges.

Headshot)Only a photo with a person's head and shoulders is taken.

Focus on view (heightenedviewing) to fully appreciate and understand it.

Highlight)The brightest area of an image illuminated by a light source.

Histogram (histogram)A graph shows the distribution and quantity of pixels, representing the tones in the image.

Horizon)The area in which the earth and the sky are connected.

Hotshoe)The camera is generally located on top of the viewfinder, used to add an external flashlight to increase light.

Hue)Solid color, no white or black added.

Hyperfocal distance)When any f-level focus is in an infinite distance, the distance between the plane closest to the camera in the focus and the camera is the hyper-focal distance. When re-focus is at this superfocal distance, the infinite distance is still in the focus, and the nearest focal plane is now moved to half of the superfocal distance.

Image Data)Information collected from a digital sensor that makes up a photo.

Image File)Image data is stored in a file in a special format.

Image Format)Storage of image data.

Incident Light Meter)See the metering table ".

ISO (International Organization for Standardization, international organization forstandardization). This organization is recognized as a standard for allocating numerical levels (100, 200, 400, etc.) to light-sensitive materials-initially targeting film and now targeting digital sensors.

Keylight Source)The main light source in the scenario. When outside, the main light source is the sun; When indoors, the main light source is usually a flashlight or tungsten.

Lens (lens)A transparent, double-sided convex body located between the iris and the vitreous body that aggregates light passing through the pupil into the eye to form an image on the retina.

???????

Lens (lens)A combination of glass components, which is used on the camera to collect and focus on the part of the light.

Light-balancing Filter)Typically 81 (Amber) or 82 (blue) series filters make the image warm or cold by continuously decreasing or increasing the color temperature of the image.

Light Meter)A device used to measure the light (incident light meter) or the light (reflected light meter) reflected or emitted from a shooting object ), to determine the combination of appropriate F-level and shutter speed. Most cameras have built-in light metering tables, but you can also use hand-held metering tables.

Line)The infinite extension of a vertex, or the intersection of two sides.

Linear Perspective)A Method to present a 3D object in a two-dimensional space.

Lossless Compression)Describes a compression algorithm that reduces the size of an image file without losing any image data. A tiff file is a lossless file type.

Lossy Compression)Describe a compression algorithm, that is, permanently discarding image data to obtain smaller files to improve storage capabilities or speed up data transmission. JPEG files are lossy files.