Programming-related computer hardware

As a programmer, always listen to people talking about CPU, memory, main storage, hard disk, motherboard and so on some tall professional terminology, feel oneself weak explode.

What is the use of them, now sum it up. Convenient for friends to understand.

One. CPU

CPU is the abbreviation of Central processing Unit, the Chinese translation as "CPU", is the brain of the computer, responsible for computing, thinking, processing data, control other equipment, no CPU, the computer can not talk about, the speed of the CPU directly determines the speed of the computer.

Baidu Encyclopedia is so explained

the central processor (cpu,central processing Unit) is a Ultra-Large scaleof theIC, is aComputerof theComputing cores(Core) andControl core(Control Unit). Mainly includeArithmetic device(alu,arithmetic Logic Unit) andHigh-speed buffer memory(Cache) and the implementation of the link between themData(Data), control, and statusBus(Bus). it withInternal memory(Memory) and input/output (I/O) devices are calledComputerthree core components.

Its main function is as follows:

Two. Memory

If you have assembled your computer, you must have seen it. We often say that the computer has a few g of memory, that is, its size, memory is inserted in a specific slot on the motherboard. The motherboard generally has more than one memory slot, you can plug in more than one memory, the computer memory size is the sum of all memory strip size. Memory bars are also known as main storage.

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Memoryis one of the important parts of the computer, it is a bridge to communicate with the CPU. All programs in the computer are running inMemory, so the memory performance has a very large impact on the computer. Memory(Memory) is also known asInternal memory, which is used to temporarily store operational data in the CPU, andHard diskwaitExternal memorythe data exchanged. As long as the computer is running, the CPU will transfer the data needed for operation toMemory, when the operation is completed, the CPU transmits the result, and the running of the memory determines the stable operation of the computer. Memory is made up ofMemory chip, circuit boards,Golden Fingerand other parts of the group.

three. HDD

The hard disk is used to hold the data. Open a file, after editing, Ctrl+s saved to the hard drive, the power is not lost.

The hard drives are divided into mechanical hard disks (HDDS) and solid state drives (SSDs).

SSD is like a mobile phone memory card or U disk, there are hundreds of billions of electronic components, very small, to reach the nanometer level, through the circuit to read and write data. Compared with the mechanical hard disk, the SSD has a great advantage in reading and writing speed, a very obvious example is that the computer installed a solid-state drive fast, very little lag phenomenon.

Mechanical hard disk and solid-state drive is not directly plugged into the motherboard, but through the interface to connect to the motherboard, so called external storage, is also part of the computer peripherals, but not like a mouse, keyboard, u disk, and so on, can not work properly, hard disk is the normal operation of the computer external equipment.

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A hard disk is one of the main storage media of a computer, consisting of one or more discs made of aluminum or glass. The discs are covered with ferromagnetic materials. hard drives are solid-state drives (SSD disks, new hard drives), mechanical hard drives (HDD legacy HDD), Hybrid drives (HHD a new hard drive based on traditional mechanical hard drives). SSDs are stored using flash particles, HDDs are stored with magnetic discs, and hybrid drives (Hhd:hybrid hard disk) are a hard disk that integrates magnetic hard disks and flash memory. Most hard drives are fixed hard disks that are permanently sealed and pinned to the hard drive. Energy-saving technology for head reduction: Energy saving by resetting the head at leisure. Multi-head technology: By adding multiple heads simultaneously on the same disk to read or write to speed up the hard drive, or simultaneously in the multi-disc simultaneously using the head to read or write to speed up the disk, more for the server and Database center.

Four. Motherboard

The computer has so many hardware, must let them coordinate together, either all fighting each other; The motherboard is responsible for this work, it allows the CPU, memory, hard disk and other devices connected together, can be well coordinated work.

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Computer chassis motherboard, also known as the Host Board (mainboard), the system board (Systemboard) or the motherboard (motherboard), it is divided into commercial motherboards and public boards two kinds. It is installed in the chassis, is one of the most basic and most important parts of the microcomputer. The motherboard is generally a rectangular circuit board, which is installed on the computer's main circuit system, generally has a BIOS chip, I/O control chip, keyboard and Panel control switch interface, indicator plug-in, expansion slots, motherboards and card DC power supply connectors and other components. The motherboard features an open architecture. Most of the motherboard has 6-15 expansion slots for the PC Peripheral Device Control Card (adapter) plug. Through the replacement of these cards, the corresponding subsystems of the microcomputer can be upgraded locally, so that manufacturers and users in the configuration of models have greater flexibility. In a word, the motherboard plays an important role in the whole microcomputer system. It can be said that the type and grade of the motherboard determines the type and grade of the whole microcomputer system. The performance of the motherboard affects the performance of the whole microcomputer system.

Understand the function of computer hardware, review the principle of computer, continue their programming language, there will be a clearer context.

Programming-related computer hardware