Python GUI programming (Tkinter)

Python GUI programming (Tkinter)
Python GUI programming (Tkinter)

Python provides a library for multiple graphical development interfaces. Several Common Python GUI Libraries are as follows:

• Tkinter: Tkinter module ("Tk interface") is the interface of Python's standard Tk GUI toolkit. tk and Tkinter can be used on most Unix platforms. They can also be used in Windows and Macintosh systems ., later versions of Tk8.0 can implement the local window style and run well on most platforms.
• WxPython: wxPython is an open-source software and a set of excellent GUI graphics libraries in Python. It allows Python programmers to easily create a complete GUI with full function keys.
• Jython: The Jython program can be seamlessly integrated with Java. In addition to some standard modules, Jython uses Java modules. Jython has almost all modules that do not depend on C language in standard Python. For example, the Jython user interface uses Swing, AWT, or SWT. Jython can be dynamically or statically compiled into Java bytecode. Tkinter Programming

  Tkinter is a standard Python GUI library. Python uses Tkinter to quickly create GUI applications.

  Because Tkinter is built into the python installation package, the Tkinter library can be imported after Python is installed, and the IDLE is also compiled by Tkinter, Tkinter can still cope with the simple graphic interface.

  Create a GUI Program

  • 1. Import the Tkinter Module
  • 2. Create controls
  • 3. Specify the master of the control, that is, the master of the control.
  • 4. Tell the GM (geometry manager) that a control is generated.

    Instance:

    #! /Usr/bin/python #-*-coding: UTF-8-*-import Tkintertop = Tkinter. Tk () # enter the message loop top. mainloop ()

    The preceding code execution result is as follows:

    Instance 2:

    #! /Usr/bin/python #-*-coding: UTF-8-*-from Tkinter import * # import Tkinter library root = Tk () # create the background color of the window object # create two lists: li = ['C', 'python', 'php', 'html', 'SQL ', 'java'] movie = ['css ', 'jquery', 'bootstrap '] listb = Listbox (root) # create two list components listb2 = Listbox (root) for item in li: # The first widget inserts the data listb. insert (0, item) for item in movie: # The second widget inserts the data listb2.insert (0, item) listb. pack () # Place the widget in the main window listb2.pack () root. mainloop () # enter the message loop

    The preceding code execution result is as follows:

    Tkinter component

    Tkinter provides various controls, such as buttons, labels, and text boxes, used in a GUI application. These controls are usually called controls or components.

    Currently, there are 15 Tkinter components. We propose these components and a brief introduction in the following table:

    Widget	Description
    Button	Button control; display the button in the program.
    Canvas	Canvas control; displays graphical elements such as lines or text
    Checkbutton	Multi-choice box control; used to provide a multi-choice box in the program
    Entry	Input control; used to display simple text content
    Frame	Frame control. A rectangle area is displayed on the screen and is used as a container.
    Label	Label control; displays text and bitmap
    Listbox	The Listbox widget is used to display a string list to users.
    Menubutton	Menu button control, because the menu item is displayed.
    Menu	Menu Control; display menu bar, drop-down menu, and pop-up menu
    Message	Message control, used to display multiple lines of text, similar to label
    Radiobutton	Single-choice button control; displays the status of a Single-choice button
    Scale	Range control. A numeric scale is displayed, which is a numerical range within the output range.
    Scrollbar	Scroll bar control, used when the content exceeds the visible area, such as the list box ..
    Text	Text control; used to display multi-line text
    Toplevel	Container control. It is used to provide a separate dialog box, which is similar to Frame.
    Spinbox	The input control is similar to the Entry, but the input range value can be specified.
    PanedWindow	PanedWindow is a window layout management plug-in that can contain one or more child controls.
    LabelFrame	Labelframe is a simple container control. Common and complex window la S.
    TkMessageBox	Display the message box of your application.

    Standard attributes

    Standard attributes are the common attributes of all controls, such as the size, Font, and color.

    Attribute	Description
    Dimension	Widget size;
    Color	Control color;
    Font	Control font;
    Anchor	Anchor;
    Relief	Control style;
    Bitmap	Bitmap;
    Cursor	Cursor;

    Geometric Management

    The Tkinter control has a specific geometric state management method to manage the organization of the entire control area. Here is the geometric management class exposed by Tkinter: Package, grid, and location.

    Geometric Method	Description
    Pack ()	Packaging;
    Grid ()	Grid;
    Place ()	Location;