Package Management
Package composition
Binary program
Configuration file
Single File
Cut the master profile into multiple small files and place them in a directory.
/etc/profile,/etc/profile.d/*
/etc/pam.conf,/etc/pam.d/*
Single file, which is split internally into multiple fragments.
[MySQL] [Mysqld] ...
Library files: Binary executable functions (all C programs are composed of functions) share modules
Static Library
Dynamic Library
Help file
Manual page
Document (/usr/share/doc)
/bin/sbin system Start-up use
/usr/bin/usr/sbin most software
/usr/local/bin/usr/local/sbin Third party software
The operating system boot files are redhat6/usr and cannot be partitioned independently.
To reduce the/bin/sbin size part of the system startup file is also placed on the/usr/bin/usr/sbin.
Third-party software can independently separate/usr/local when compared
Library files
/lib/lib64/usr/lib
/etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
The system cannot find the library file under/usr/local/etc/ld.so.conf so shared object
The library file under/usr/local/lib is stored in the build/etc/ld.so.conf.d/xxx.conf
The search path. The system writes the/etc/ld.so.conf
of the/ETC/HTTPD/HTTPD software
Help file:
/usr/share/man
/etc/man.conf specify man where to find man file doc
/usr/share/doc
header file;
/usr/include
Kernel glibc app os three major components
GLIBC C language Standard Universal Library
Hardware architecture:
x86 x64 POVERPC SPARC Arm
Binaries: Format-specific hardware platform (compiler itself is optimized for running on a specific platform at software compilation time)
name-version-release-.arch.rpm
version:3.2.4
Major Minor release
32bit x86
i386 i486 i586 i686
64bit x86
x86_64
NOARCH.RPM platform-agnostic platform files
Name-version: Main Package
Name-subname-version: Child Package
Name-devel-version: Vault File Header File
Cyclic dependencies need to be installed at the same time.
Yum:yellowdog Update modifier rpm frontend
Yum relies on RPM as its upgraded version.
dpkg-----> Apt-get
RPM----->deb
RPM Package RPM Yum
Source Package Compilation Installation
Make a good binary package compression package, after decompression configuration used.
MySQL MongoDB
RPM Install---------------> rpm-i pkg1 pkg2 ...//path
RPM Eraser---------------> Rpm-e pkg1 ....
RPM Update---------------> Rpm-u | -F pkg1 ....
RPM Verify---------------> Rpm-v pkg1 ...
RPM Query---------------> Rpm-q ...
Install
Rpm-i
-V Verbose
-H # Progress
--test
--nodeps Ignore dependencies
--replacepkgs
--force ignores conflict.
Before install pre
After install post finishing
Preun before uninstalling
After uninstalling Postun
Uninstall
RPM-E PKS1 is dependent on non-unloading.
Rpm-e PHP-CLI
Update:
F freshing no old, then no new
U update without old, install the new
--oldpackages
The kernel should not upgrade the installation. The kernel allows multiple versions to coexist.
Query
Rpm-q
Rpm-qi
Signature: Fingerprint information data characteristics of one-way encryption extraction data
If the original data is the same, the result data must be the same
Avalanche effect, the original data is a little different, the results are very different.
RPM Extracts the signatures and attaches them to the software package. The official uses its own private key.
Private key encryption, public key decryption.
Tampering destroys the signature. Private key.
Public key decryption Gets the official signature, and uses the same method to extract the signature code.
, and compare and decrypt the signatures in a consistent pattern.
RPM-QL pkg1 list shows which files are installed
RPM-QF file Check rpm package according to files
RPM-QC Pkg View configuration file
RPM-QD pkg View Document man Readme Install
Rpm-a--scripts pkg1 Script built-in script to execute installation
Add p parameter if not yet installed
Rpm-v Pkg1
Rpm-k pkg1 Check Signature
RPM--import key1 Import public key/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/xxx
No sign SHA1 MD5 OK
SHA1 MD5 Packet Complete checksum
--nodigest does not check for one-way encryption SH1 MD5
--nosignature not verifying signature information GPG DSA
Rebuilding the RPM database
/var/lib/rpm
*db* Lock File
The other is the lock file.
RPM--INITDB is removed or does not exist then does not overwrite
RPM--REBUILDDB Overlay Rebuild
Source made into RPM package
Yum
Route RPM Package Collection XML document metadata file
REDHAT5 Pack Separate storage:
Basic software commonly used by the server
/repodata Yum Source information parent directory is warehouse
Cluster Cluster
Clusterstore cluster storage related
Vt
What is the source of Yum
Download to local cache metadata cache to local
3 Types of protocol:
Local file:///protocol
Remote server ftp:///HTTP/
Yum Warehouse:
RPM Package
The repodata/directory XML file can be used as a Yum source only if the path containing this directory is its subdirectory
Repomd.xml save time stamp to see if there are any changes
Primary.xml.gz the name and dependencies of each RPM package in the current Yum repository:
also contains each RPM package to be able to install the generated files;
Filelists.xml.gz: All RPM packages contain a list of files that are installed to generate files.
OTHER.XML.GZ: Additional information mainly contains RPM package of Chnagelog;
Definition of RPM Package group
Yum configuration file subcommand
/etc/yum.conf/*
/etc/yum.repos.d/*
/etc/yum/pluginconf.d/*
Global Configuration Staging configuration
Global/etc/yum.conf
Yum
Yum Repolist
Yum List {installed | available | updates | all}
Yum Clean {all | packages | metadata}///var/cache/yum
Yum Grouplist
Yum GroupInfo "Group_name"
Yum Info "Pkg_name"
Provides FILE
Install-y
Remove
Update
Groupinstall
Localinstall
Reinstall
Check-update
Install Createrepo
Createrepo dir
--nogpgcheck
Createrepo
Redhat6
Package
Server
createrepo-g xxx
Software package management of Linux learning notes
