SQL Server 2012 Note Sharing-2: Primary server components

SQL Server 2012 mainly includes the following five components

SQL Server Database Engine

The SQL Server database engine includes the database engine (core services for storing, processing, and securing data), replication, full-text search, tools for managing relational data and XML data, and data quality services (DQS) servers.

Analytics Services

Analysis Services includes tools for creating and managing online analytical processing (OLAP) and data mining applications.

Reporting Services

Reporting Services includes server and client components for creating, managing, and deploying tabular reports, Matrix reports, graphical reports, and free-form reports. Reporting Services is also an extensible platform that you can use to develop reporting applications.

Integration Services

Integration Services is a set of graphical tools and programmable objects for moving, copying, and transforming data. It also includes the Data quality Services (DQS) component of Integration Services.

Master Data Services

Master Data Services (MDS) is a SQL Server solution that is intended for master management. You can configure MDS to manage any realm (product, customer, account), and MDs can include hierarchies, various levels of security, transactions, data versioning, and business rules, and add-ins for Excel that you can use to manage your data.

As shown, when we install SQL, we can choose to install the related services as needed.

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Management tools

SQL Server Management Studio

SQL Server Management Studio is an integrated environment for accessing, configuring, Managing, and developing SQL Server components. Management Studio enables developers and administrators of all skill levels to use SQL Server.

SQL Server Configuration Manager

SQL Server Configuration Manager provides basic configuration management for SQL Server services, server protocols, client protocols, and client aliases.

SQL Server Profiler

SQL Server Profiler provides a graphical user interface for monitoring database engine instances or analysis Services instances.

Database Engine Tuning Advisor

Database Engine Tuning Advisor can assist in creating the best combination of indexes, indexed views, and partitions.

Data Quality Client

Provides a very simple and intuitive graphical user interface for connecting to DQS databases and performing data cleansing operations. It also allows you to centrally monitor activities that are performed during a data cleansing operation.

SQL Server Data Tools

SQL Server Data Tools provides the IDE to build solutions for the following business intelligence components: Analysis Services, Reporting services, and Integration services.

(formerly known as Business Intelligence development Studio).

SQL Server Data Tools also includes the database project, which provides the integration environment for database developers to perform all of their database design work for any SQL Server platform, both local and external, within Visual Studio. Database developers can easily create or edit database objects and data or execute queries using the Enhanced Server Explorer in Visual Studio.

Connecting components

Installs components for communication between clients and servers, as well as network libraries for Db-library, ODBC, and OLE DB.

When you have finished installing SQL Server 2012 on Windows Server R2 (only the database engine and administrative tools are installed).

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Detailed reference:

Http://technet.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms144275.aspx

This article from "Zeng Hung Xin Technical column" blog, declined to reprint!