On June 14, 2005, Apple CEO Steve Jobs delivered a prestigious speech at his alma mater at Stanford University, where you will see the recommendations of N-multiplayer (like Mr Lee Kai-fu, who also likes to speak at university). Previously, a Chinese subtitle version of Steve Jobs Stanford University speech video, today in English and Chinese version of the "Steve Jobs" speech, there are many classic statements, worth repeating reading.
I am honored to is with your today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I ' ve ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That ' s it. No big deal. Just three stories.
I'm honored to be with you today at the commencement, and Stanford University is one of the best universities in the world. I have never graduated from college. To tell you the truth, today may be the most recent day in my life to graduate from college. Today I want to tell you about the three stories in my life. It's not a big deal, it's just three stories.
The first story was about connecting the dots.
The first story is about how to connect a little bit of life.
I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, and then stayed around as a drop-in for another months Fore I really quit. So, did I drop out?
I dropped out after six months at Reed University, but after 18 months-I went to school a lot before I actually made my withdrawal decision. Why do I have to quit school?
It started before I was born. My biological mother is a young, unwed College graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should being adopted by college graduates, so everything is all set for me to being adopted at BI Rth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that if I popped out they decided on the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: "We had an unexpected baby boy; Do you want him? " They said: "Of course." My biological mother later found out this my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduate D from high School. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She is relented a few months later when my parents promised the I would someday go to college.
The story starts when I was born. My biological mother is a young, unmarried college graduate. She decided to let someone adopt me, and she wanted me to be adopted by a college graduate. So at the time of my birth, she had done everything to prepare me to be adopted by a lawyer and his wife. But she didn't expect that when I was born, the lawyers and couples suddenly decided they wanted a girl. So my parents (who were on my biological parents ' watch list) suddenly got a call in the middle of the night: "We now have a baby boy who was accidentally born, do you want him?" They replied, "Of course!" "But my biological mother later found out that my adoptive mom never went to college, and my father didn't even read high school. She refused to sign the adoption contract. Only a few months later, my parents promised that she would let me go to college, and that's when she agreed.
And years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college is almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents ' savings were Being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn ' t see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to does with my life and no idea how college is going to help me figure it out. And here I am spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to the drop out and trust the it would all work out OK. It is pretty scary at the time, but looking back it is one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn ' t interest me, and begin dropping Es that looked interesting.
When I was 17 years old, I really went to college. But I was foolish enough to choose a school that was almost as expensive as your Stanford University, and my parents were in the blue-collar class, and they almost spent all their savings on my tuition. After six months, I have not seen the value of it. I don't know what I want to do in life, and I don't know what the university can do to help me find the answer. But here, I almost spent all my parents ' life savings. So I decided to drop out and I thought it was the right decision. Admittedly, I was really scared, but now I look back and it's really the best decision I've ever had in my life. At the moment I decided to drop out of school, I finally didn't have to read the lessons that made me less interested. Then I can go and fix things that seem to mean something.
It wasn ' t all romantic. I didn ' t has a dorm, so I slept on the floor in Friends ' rooms, I returned Coke bottles for the 5¢deposits to buy F Ood with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna Temp Le. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned off to being priceless later on. Let me give you one example:
But it's not so romantic. I lost my dorm, so I could only sleep on the floor of a friend's room, I went to pick up 5 cents of Coke bottle, just to fill my belly, and on Sunday night I needed to walk seven miles across the city to Hare Krishna Temple (note: Located in New York Brooklyn Xiacheng), Just to be able to have dinner-the only good meal this week. But I like it. I followed my instincts and curiosity and came across a lot of things that have since proved invaluable. Let me give you an example:
Reed College At this time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn ' t has to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how T o do this. I learned about serif and San serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, AB What makes great typography great. It is beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a-a-on-the-it-science can ' t capture, and I found it fascinating.
Reed University at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction course in the United States. Every poster in the university has a beautiful calligraphy instruction on the label of each drawer. Because I dropped out of school and did not receive formal training, I decided to take this course and learn how to write beautiful calligraphy instruction. I learned about San serif and serif fonts, and I learned how to change the length of the spaces in different combinations of letters, and how to make the best print patterns. It's a beautiful, authentic art that science can never capture, and I find it really wonderful.
None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the MAC. It is the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on this single course in college, the MAC would has never had multiple typefaces or Proportiona lly spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the MAC, its likely that no personal computer would has them. If I had never dropped out, I would has never dropped on the This calligraphy class, and personal computers might not having The wonderful typography that they does. Of course it is impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I am in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.
At the time it seemed like there was no practical use of these things in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, that was not the case. I designed all the guys I studied at that time into the Apple computer. It was the first computer to use beautiful printed fonts. If I had not dropped out of school, I would not have had the opportunity to attend the calligraphy instruction course I was interested in, and the Apple Computer would not have so many rich fonts and a pleasing font spacing. So now the PC will not have such a beautiful font now. Of course, when I was in college, it was not possible to connect the dots, but when I looked back on it ten years later, it was really enlightened.
Again, you can ' t connect the dots looking forward; You can only connect them looking backwards. So you had to trust that the dots would somehow connect in your. Something-your Gut, Destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach had never let me down, and it had made all the difference in my life.
Again, it is impossible to link the pieces together as you look forward, and you can only concatenate them in retrospect. So you have to believe that these pieces will be chained up someday in your future. You have to believe in something: your courage, your purpose, your life, your karma. This process has never disappointed me, just to make my life more distinctive.
My second story was about love and loss.
My second story is about love and loss.
I was lucky–i found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents garage if I was 20. We worked hard, and in years Apple had grown from just the same as us in a garage to a billion company with over 4000 Employees. We had just released our finest creation-the macintosh-a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can I get fired from a company started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought is very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or So things went well. The began to diverge and eventually we had a falling visions. When we do, our Board of directors sided with him. So at is out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life is gone, and it was devastating.
I was lucky because I found something I loved very early on. Watts and I started Apple in my parents ' garage when I was 20 years old. We worked very hard, and ten years later, the company has grown from the poor people in those two garages to more than 4,000 employees and big companies worth more than 2 billion. In the nineth year of the company's founding, we have just released the best products, that is the Macintosh. I'm almost 30 years old, too. In that year, I was sacked. How could you have been sacked by a company you created? Well, when Apple was growing fast, we hired a very talented guy to run the company with me, and in the first few years, the company worked very well. But then we had a disagreement about the future and we finally got into a fight. When the quarrel was over, the board of directors stood on his side. So at the age of 30, I was fired. Under the eyelids of so many people I was fired. It was a devastating blow to the had been that all the pillars of my life were far away from me.
The
I really didn ' t know what does for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs Down-that I had dropped the baton as it is being passed To me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even thought on running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on Me–i still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had isn't changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I am still in love. And so I decided to start over.
in the first few months, I really didn't know what to do. I lost my passion for entrepreneurship, and I felt frustrated with the people I was doing business with. I met David Pack and Bob Boyce and tried to apologize to them. I messed up the whole thing. But I gradually found the dawn, I still love the things I do. What happened at Apple didn't change that, not at all. I was expelled, but I still love it. So I decided to start all over again.
I didn ' t see it so, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple is the best thing that could has ever happened To me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the more creative periods of my life.
I wasn't aware, but it turned out that being fired from Apple was the best thing that ever happened to me in my life. Because, as a successful person, the feeling of bliss is replaced by the relaxed feeling of being an entrepreneur: nothing is so special about anything. It made me feel so free and entered the most creative stage of my life.
During the next five years, I started a company named Next, another company named Pixar, and fell ing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy stories, and is now the most successful Animati On studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I retuned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT are at the H Eart of Apple ' s current renaissance. and Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.
for the next five years, I created a company named Next, a company called Pixar, and then met a graceful woman who became my wife later. Pixar is the world's first computer-made animated film, "Toy Story," and Pixar is now the world's most successful computer-making studio. In a later series of operations, Apple bought next and then I went back to Apple. The technology we developed at next played a key role in Apple's revival. I also set up a happy family with Laurence.
I ' m pretty sure none of this would has happened if I hadn ' t been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits your head with a brick. Don ' t lose faith. I ' m convinced that's the only thing that kept me going is that I loved what I did. You've got to find. And that's as true for your work as it's for your lovers. Your work was going to fill a large part of Your life, and the-only-to-be truly satisfied-is-to-do-you-believe is Great work. And the only-the-to-do great work are to love. If you haven ' t found it yet, keep looking. Don ' t settle. As with any matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Don ' t settle.
I can be pretty sure that none of this would have happened if I hadn't been expelled from Apple. The taste of this medicine is too bitter, but I think the patient needs the medicine. Sometimes life picks up a brick and pats it on your head. Don't lose heart, I know that the only thing that keeps me going is that I do things that I love so much. You need to find what you love, for the job, and for your spouse. Your work will occupy a large part of your life. You can only be comfortable if you believe that you are doing a great job. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking, don't stop, and look for it wholeheartedly, and you'll know when you find it. Like any sincere relationship, with the passage of time will only become more and more close. So keep looking until you find it and don't stop.
My third story was about death.
My third story is about death.
When I am, I read a quote that went something like: "If your live each day as if it is your last, someday you ll M OST certainly is right. " It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past years, I had looked in the mirror every morning and asked my Self: "If today were the last day's my life, would I want to does what I am about to do today?" And whenever the answer have been "No" for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.
When I was 17 years old, I read a sentence: "If you live every day as if you were the last day of your life, someday you will find that you are right." "I was deeply impressed by this remark. Since then, after 33 years, I have asked myself in the mirror every morning: "If today is the last day of my life, will you finish what you want to do today?" "I know I need to change something when the answer is" no "many times in a row.
Remembering that I'll be dead soon are the most important tool I ' ve ever encountered to help me make the big choices in Life. Because almost everything–all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure-these things just Fall away in the "face of death, leaving" is truly important. Remembering that's going to die was the best-of-the-know to avoid the trap of thinking you had something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.
Remembering that you are going to die is the most important thing I've ever had in my life. It helped me to identify the important choices in my life. For almost everything, including all honor, all pride, all fear of embarrassment and failure, will vanish in the face of death. What I see is what is really important to stay. Sometimes you think you're going to lose something, "Remembering that you're going to die" is the best way I know to avoid these ideas. You are naked, you have no reason not to follow your heart beat together.
About a year ago I is diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn ' t even know what a pancreas is. The doctors told me this be almost certainly a type of cancer that's incurable, and that I should expect to live no long Er than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which are doctor ' s code for prepare to die. It means to try-to-tell your kids everything you thought you ' d has the next years to tell them in just a few months. It means to make sure everything are buttoned up so that it'll be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes.
about a year ago, I was diagnosed with cancer. I did a check at 7:30 A.M. and checked clearly to show a tumor in my pancreas. I didn't even know what the pancreas was. The doctor told me it was probably an incurable cancer, and I had 3-6 months to live in the world. My doctor told me to go home, and then I put everything in order, and that was the procedure for the Doctor to die. That means you're going to say the next ten years to your child in a matter of months; that means getting everything done and making your family live as easily as possible; that means saying "goodbye."
I lived with this diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines , put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated, but my wife, who is there, told me, when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started Crying because it turned out to being a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that's curable with surgery. I had the surgery and I ' M fine now.
I live with that diagnosis all day. Then one morning I had a biopsy, and the doctor put an endoscope through my throat, through my stomach, into my intestines, and took a few cells from a tumor on my pancreas with a needle. I was very calm, because I was sedated. But my wife was there, and later told me that when the doctors looked at the cells under the microscope, they started screaming because these cells turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that can be cured with surgery. I did the surgery and now I'm cured.
This is the closest I ' ve been to facing death, and I hope it the closest I get for a few more decades. Have lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death is a useful but purely Intel Lectual concept:
That's when I was closest to death, and I hope it's the closest of the next few decades. Dead and alive again, death to me is a useful but purely intellectual concept, I can say to you more definitely:
No one wants to die. Even people want to go to Heaven don ' t want to die to get there. And yet death are the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that's as it should be, because death are very likely the single best invention of life. It is the change agent for life ' s. It clears out of the old to make-to-the-new. Right now the new are you, but someday isn't too long from now, you'll gradually become the old and being cleared away. Sorry to being so dramatic, but it's quite true.
No one wants to die, even if people want to go to heaven, people will not die for going there. But death is the common end of every one of us. No one has ever been able to escape it. It should be so. Because death is one of the best inventions in life. It clears the old to give way to the new. You are new now, but from now on, you will gradually become old and be cleared. I'm sorry it's dramatic, but it's very real.
Your time is limited, so don ' t waste it living someone else ' s life. Don ' t be trapped by Dogma-which are living with the results of other people ' s thinking. Don ' t let the noise's opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, with the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what the truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.
Your time is limited, so don't waste them repeating other people's lives. Don't be bound by dogma, which means you live with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of other people's opinions obscure your true inner voice. And most importantly, you have to have the courage to listen to your intuition and your heart's instructions--they know to some extent what you want to be, and all the other things are secondary.
When I am young, there is an amazing publication called the Whole Earth Catalog, which is one of the Bibles of my G Eneration. It is created by a fellow named Stewart Brand does far from the here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic Touch. This is in the late 1960 ' s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it is all made with typewriters, Scisso RS, and Polaroid cameras. It was the sort of like Google in paperback form, years before Google came Along:it is idealistic, and overflowing with n Eat tools and great notions.
When I was young, there was a "catalogue of the Whole planet" amazing publication magazine, which was one of the bibles of our generation. It's a guy named Stewart Brand who was writing in Menlo Park, not far from here, and he magically brought the book to the world like a poem. It was in the late 60, before the advent of personal computers, so the book was made of typewriters, scissors and polarizer. A bit like a soft-skinned Google, 35 years before Google appeared: it was idealistic, with many clever tools and great ideas.
Stewart and his team put out several issues of the Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out A final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I am your age. On the back cover of their final issue is a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself Hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: "Stay hungry. Stay foolish. " It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay hungry. Stay foolish. And I have the always wished this for myself. And now, as your graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.
Stewart and his partners published a few "catalogue of the whole planet", and when it finished their mission, they made the final catalogue. It was in the middle of the 70 's, your time. On the back cover of the last issue is a photo of the early morning Country road (if you have the spirit of adventure, you can find it yourself), there is a paragraph under the Photograph: "If you are hungry, be foolish." "It was they who stopped the check out monthly of the Farewell language. "If you are hungry for knowledge, be foolish in modesty." "I always wanted to be able to do that, and now, when you're about to graduate and start a new journey, I want you to do the same:
Stay hungry. Stay foolish.
If you are hungry for knowledge, be foolish in modesty.
Thank all very much.
Thank you very much.
Steve Jobs 2005 Stanford University Graduation Speech (Chinese)