VMware under CentOS6.5 installation oracle11g RAC (2)

3 Pre-installation inspection and configuration about this chapter

This section describes the preparation and configuration work before installing oracle11g R2.

All operations in this section, if not specifically stated, need to be operated on two hosts separately.

3.1 Checking the hardware environment

Before installing, check the configuration of disk array, network device, host memory and CPU.

3.2 Checking the Software environment

This section describes installing the ORACLE11G R2 database software environment requirements.

3.3 Configuring the RAC Environment

Configure the RAC environment before you install the Oracle database software.

3.4 Configuring local Disks

Configure the local disk before you install the Oracle database software.

3.5 Creating groups and users

This section describes how to create groups and users.

3.6 Creating the installation directory

This section describes how to create an installation directory.

3.7 Setting User Environment variables

User variables, including Oracle and grid users, need to be set before installing Oracle database software.

3.8 Configuring asynchronous I/O

This section describes how to configure asynchronous I/O.

3.1 Checking the hardware environment

Before installing, check the configuration of disk array, network device, host memory and CPU.

The hardware requirements for installing the database are shown in table 3-1.

Table 3-1 Hardware Requirements

Hardware name	Hardware requirements	Check command
Host	L eth0 and eth2 are bound into bond0. Provides external communication as a PUBLIC-IP for RAC. L eth1 and Eth3 are bound to Bond1 as RAC Private-ip, providing internal heartbeat communication. Virtual machines using virtual disks	-
Disk array	Requires disk array to be made into raid1+0 mode (where virtual machines do not require)	-
Network equipment	Virtual machine communication is through the virtual network card Includes the following requirements: (This requires that the network device is not backup redundant) • One switch provides communication with the application • One fibre switch for communication with back-end storage L One Gigabit switch for multi-node heartbeat network interconnection	-
Host Memory	Host physical memory not less than 2.5GB	grep memtotal/proc/meminfo
Cpu	CPU is 64 bits	Uname-m

3.2 Checking the Software environment

This section describes installing the ORACLE11G R2 database software environment requirements.

3.2.1 Checking the operating system version

This section describes how to check the operating system version.

Background information

This installation requires the operating system version to be Centos6.5 version.

Operation Steps

Step 1 log in as the root user.

Step 2 Check the operating system version.

# Cat/etc/redhat-release
CentOS Release 6.5 (Final)

As shown above, the operating system version is CentOS6.5.

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3.2.2 Installing an operating system patch pack

Before installing the oracle11g R2 database, you need to install the operating system Patch pack first. This section uses RAC preparation scripts, one-click to complete installation and configuration preparation.

Background information

This installation requires a available Yum source

To remove a system with its own Yum Source:

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To add a 163yum source:

Vim/etc/yum.repos.d/centos6-base-163.repo

# Centos6-base-163.repo
#
# The Mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# Update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that is updated to and
# Geographically close to the client. You should the use of this for CentOS updates
# Unless you is manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If The mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back to you can try the
# remarked out Baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[Base]
name=centos-$releasever-base-163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist =http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release= $releasever &arch= $basearch &repo=os
Gpgcheck=1
Gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/rpm-gpg-key-centos-6
#released Updates
[Updates]
name=centos-$releasever-updates-163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist =http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release= $releasever &arch= $basearch &repo=updates
Gpgcheck=1
Gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/rpm-gpg-key-centos-6
#additional packages that could be useful
[Extras]
name=centos-$releasever-extras-163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist =http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release= $releasever &arch= $basearch &repo=extras
Gpgcheck=1
Gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/rpm-gpg-key-centos-6
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[Centosplus]
name=centos-$releasever-plus-163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist =http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release= $releasever &arch= $basearch &repo=centosplus
Gpgcheck=1
Enabled=0
Gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/rpm-gpg-key-centos-6
#contrib-packages by Centos Users
[Contrib]
name=centos-$releasever-contrib-163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist =http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release= $releasever &arch= $basearch &repo=contrib
Gpgcheck=1
Enabled=0
Gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/rpm-gpg-key-centos-6

The root user executes the following command:

Yum Install binutils compat-libstdc++-gccgcc make Sysstat UnixODBC Unixodbc-devel Pdksh Numactl-devel glibc-headers

Turn off SELinux

Vim/etc/sysconfig/selinux

Modify the following parameters and restart the machine

Selinux=disabled

Step 7 Prepare the relevant software files

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3.2.4 Installation Asmlib

This section describes how to install Asmlib.

Background information

If you do not have multipath software installed on site, you will need to install multipathing software that is compatible with the operating system version and kernel version. For a magnetic array of type s2300e, if shipped atae, you should use the installation source that comes with the atae version.

The operating system/kernel version number can be viewed through uname-a .

For example, the operating system version ofuname-a query results in Linux rac-test1 2.6.32-504.12.2.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Mar 22:03:14 UTC x86_64 x86_ x86_64 gnu/linux, the corresponding Asmlib ORACLE11GR2 package is named "oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64. RPM and oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm ". There is also a need to install KMOD-ORACLEASM, the installation method is yum-y install Kmod-oracleasm.

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Operation Steps

Step 1 determine if the host has Asmlib installed.

L EXECUTE the following command.

Rpm-qa|grep Oracle

If you see a similar

Oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64

Oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64

Kmod-oracleasm-2.0.8-4.el6_6.x86_64

Name of the package, it indicates that it has already been installed.

L Use the rpm-e oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64 oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64 command to uninstall Asmlib software, where "2.1.8-1. El6.x86_64 "is the version number of the Asmlib software.

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• To restart the host after uninstalling.

After uninstalling Asmlib, ASM disks will not be recognized and used.

Step 2 Upload the "oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm and oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm" package with the root user in binary mode, and give the executable permission, Then execute the following command to install it.

# yum–y Install Kmod-oracleasm

# RPM-IVH oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Step 3 Reboot the host.

Step 4 Use the following command to view the Multipath software version information to ensure that the version meets the requirements.

# Rpm-qa|grep Oracle

Oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64

Oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64

Kmod-oracleasm-2.0.8-4.el6_6.x86_64

Step 5 See if the driver for the Multipath software is already loaded.

After the successful installation of multi-path software, there are two drivers of Upvhba and Upupper. Execute command:

#/etc/init.d/oracleasm Status

There are two drivers in the result, which indicates that the driver is loaded successfully. Return information similar to the following.

Checking if ASM is Loaded:yes

Checking If/dev/oracleasm is Mounted:yes

Step 6 See if the startup item is changed correctly.

Execute the following command:

# chkconfig--list oracleasm

Execution Result:

Oracleasm 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

#/etc/init.d/oracleasm Configure

Configuring the Oracle ASM Library driver.

This would configure the On-boot properties of the Oracle ASM Library

Driver. The following questions would determine whether the driver is

Loaded on boot and what permissions it would have. The current values

Would be shown in brackets (' [] '). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an

Answer would keep that current value. Ctrl-c'll abort.

Default user to own the driver interface []: Grid

Default Group to own the driver interface []: Oinstall

Start Oracle ASM Library driver on Boot (y/n) [y]: Y

Scan for Oracle ASM disks on Boot (y/n) [y]: Y

Writing Oracle ASM Library driver Configuration:done

Initializing the Oracle asmlib driver: [OK]

Scanning the system for Oracle asmlib disks: [OK]

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3.2.5 Checking kernel parameters

Before installing the oracle11g R2 database, you need to check the kernel parameters first. This section describes how to configure kernel parameters.

Background information

oracle11g R2 in the Linux kernel parameter minimization setting standard requirements as shown in table 3-2, if not meet the requirements, please adjust.

Table 3-2 Kernel parameter values

Parameters	Minimum value	Note
Semmsl	250	-
Semmns	32000	Defines the maximum number of semaphores that an operating system user can access.
semopm	100	-
Semmni	128	Defines the number of maximum semaphore sets for the operating system.
Shmall	Max ((sga_target/4096+2097152), 4194304)	Set to at least 4194304. "Sga_target" represents the physical memory size (in bytes) assigned to the SGA by Oracle.
SHMMAX	4294967296	The maximum size of the shared memory segment is half the recommended physical memory.
Shmmni	4096	Defines the maximum number of shared memory segments for the operating system.
File-max	6815744	-
Aio-max-nr	1048576	The maximum number of asynchronous IO processes.
Ip_local_port_range	minimum:9000 maximum:65500	-
Rmem_default	262144	-
Rmem_max	4194304	-
Wmem_default	262144	-
Wmem_max	1048576	-

Operation Steps

Step 1 log in as the root user.

3.2.7 Configuring shared memory for the operating system

This section describes how to configure shared memory for the operating system.

Operation Steps

Step 1 log in as the root user.

Step 2 Check the operating system shared memory size.

# df-k| grep SHM

Filesystem 1k-blocks used Available use% mounted on

Tmpfs 1954392 1954324 1%/DEV/SHM

If executing the above command has a similar return above, then the shared memory is set. The file system size requirement for "/DEV/SHM" is at least 80% of the physical memory, otherwise you need to perform the following steps to reset it.

Step 3 Uninstall the "/DEV/SHM" file system.

# UMOUNT/DEV/SHM

If you are prompted for device is busy, you need to stop the database.

Step 4 Mount the "/DEV/SHM" file system.

Memory size please fill in according to the actual situation.

# mount-t Tmpfs shmfs-o size=3g /DEV/SHM

Step 5 Modify the file "/etc/fstab" and append the following:

Shm/dev/shm tmpfs size=3g 0 0

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3.2.8 Inspection of other requirements

This section describes the other aspects of configuration requirements.

If you use a drive such as the following, install the relevant software, as shown in table 3-3.

Table 3-3 Item Requirements

Drive	Software Requirements
Oracle Jdbc/oci Drivers	JDK 6 Update (Java SE Development Kit 1.6.0_21) JDK 1.5.0-24 (JDK 5.0) with the JNDI extension Install oracle11g R2 after default installation JDK1.5

VMware under CentOS6.5 installation oracle11g RAC (2)