What is IPV6? Characteristics and advantages of IPV6

IPV6 is the abbreviation for Internet Protocol Version 6, where Internet Protocol is translated as "Internet Protocol". IPV6 is the next generation IP protocol designed to replace the current version of the IP Protocol (IPV4) by the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force, Engineering task Force). The current version number for the IP protocol is 4 (IPV4), and its next version is IPV6.

IPV6 is the abbreviation for "Internet Protocol version 6", which is the next generation IP protocol designed by the IETF to replace the current version of the IP protocol-ipv4-.

The protocol family used in the current global Internet is the TCP/IP protocol family. IP is the protocol of Network layer in TCP/IP protocol family, and it is the core protocol of TCP/IP protocol family.

IPV6 is in the process of continuous development and improvement, it will replace the IPV4 which is widely used in the near future. Everyone will have more IP addresses.

At present we use second-generation Internet IPv4 technology, the core technology belongs to the United States. Its biggest problem is that the network address resource is limited, in theory, 16 million networks and 4 billion hosts are addressable. However, the use of a, B, c three-type address, the number of available network addresses and host address is greatly reduced, so that the current IP address near exhaustion. North America occupies 3/4, about 3 billion, and the largest population in Asia is less than 400 million, and China has only 3千多万个, equivalent to the number of MIT in the United States. The lack of address severely restricts the application and development of Internet in China and other countries.

On the one hand is the limit of the number of address resources, on the other hand, with the development of electronic technology and network technology, the computer network will enter People's daily life, every thing around may need to connect to the global Internet. Under such circumstances, IPv6 came into being. From the digital point of view, IPV6 has the address capacity of IPv4 about 8x10^28 times, to reach 2^128-1. This not only solves the problem of the number of network address resources, but also clears the limits on the number of devices connected to the Internet, except for computers.

But like IPV4, IPv6 can cause a lot of waste of IP addresses. To be exact, a IPV6 network does not have a 2^128-1 address to use. First, to achieve automatic IP address configuration, the subnet used by the LAN prefix must be equal to 64, but very few LAN can accommodate 2^64 network terminals, secondly, because IPV6 address assignment must follow the principle of clustering, address waste is unavoidable.

But, if IPv4 realizes only the man-machine conversation, and IPv6 is extended to any dialogue between things, it can not only for the human service, but also will serve many hardware devices, such as household appliances, sensors, remote cameras, automobiles, etc., it will be all the time, everywhere in the depth of the society every corner of the real broadband network. And the economic benefits it brings will be huge.

　　Characteristics

(1) The length of the IPV6 address is 128 bits, and the address space is 96 times larger than 2;

(2) Flexible IP message header format. Replaces the variable-length option field in IPV4 with a series of fixed-format extension headers. IPV6 selection of the appearance of the way also changed, so that routers can simply pass the option without any processing, speed up the message processing speed.

(3) IPV6 simplifies the message header format, the field only 7, speeds up the message forwarding, enhances the throughput;

(4) Improve security. Identity authentication and privacy are the key features of IPV6.

(5) Support more types of service;

(6) Allow the agreement to continue to evolve, to add new features to adapt to the future development of technology.

　　Advantage

　　Compared with IPV4, IPV6 has the following advantages:

One, the IPV6 has a larger address space. IPV4 the IP address length is 32, that is, 2^32-1 (symbol ^ Huang, below) address, and IPV6 IP address length of 128, that is, 2^128-1 address.

Second, the IPV6 uses a smaller routing table. IPv6 address assignment from the beginning to follow the principle of Clustering (Aggregation), which enables routers to use a record in the routing table (Entry) to represent a film network, greatly reducing the length of the router's middle table, improve the router forwarding packet speed.

Third, IPV6 increased multicast (multicast) Support and convection control, which enabled multimedia applications on the network to develop rapidly, providing a good network platform for Quality of service (qos,quality of services).

Four, IPV6 has added support for automatic configuration (auto Configuration). This is the improvement and extension of DHCP protocol, which makes the management of network (especially LAN) more convenient and quicker.

Five, IPV6 has a higher security. In the use of IPV6 network, users can encrypt the data of the network layer and verify the IP message, which greatly enhances the security of the network.