Binary value and recording system

What is a number?

A number is a unit of an abstract mathematical system. It is subject to specific sequence rules, addition Rules, and multiplication rules.

Location notation

Numbers are written in location notation. The rightmost digit indicates that its value is multiplied by the 0 power of the base number, and the number next to the left of the number indicates that its value is multiplied by the 1 power of the base number, and so on.

Counting System

Binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal.

Binary	Octal	Binary	Hexadecimal	Decimal
000	0	0000	0	0
001	1	0001	1	1
010	2	0010	2	2
011	3	0011	3	3
100	4	0100	4	4
101	5	0101	5	5
110	6	0110	6	6
111	7	0111	7	7
		1000	8	8
		1001	9	9
		1010	A
		1011	B
		1100	C
		1101	D
		1110	E
		1111	F

The reason for the fast conversion between binary, octal, and hexadecimal is that 8 and 16 are the power of 2.

Binary value and Computer

All information on the computer is expressed in binary values because each storage space of the computer only has two types of signals: high voltage and low voltage. The low voltage signal is equivalent to 0, and the high voltage signal is equivalent to 1.

Binary Number: a digit in the binary counting system, which can be 0 or 1.

Bit: the abbreviation of a binary number.

Byte: eight binary digits.

Word: one or more bytes. The number of digits in a word is the length of a computer.

Currently, 32-bit and 64-bit systems are popular, with two main differences:

1. Whether the CPU can process data at a time is 32-bit or 64-bit.
2. In terms of memory addressing, the maximum addressing space of a 32-bit system is 2 to the power of 32 = 4294967296 (BIT) = 4 (GB, the maximum addressing space of a 64-bit system is 2 to the power of 64 = 4294967296 (BIT) to the power of 32 = the value is greater than 0.1 billion GB.