DOS command Daquan (i)-dos introduction

1. What is DOS

1. DOS (Disk operation system) is the name of a class of operating systems, which mainly includes two parts of the shell (Command.com), IO Interface (io.sys).

The shell is a DOS shell that translates commands entered by the user into a language that the operating system understands.

Currently commonly used DOS include: MS-DOS Pc-dos,freedos,rom-dos and so on.

2. DOS is a single-user, single-tasking operating system.

3. DOS Composition:

Boot boot loader
Io. SYS Input/Output handler
MSDOS. SYS File Handler
Command.com Command handlers

4. Dos Start (read file) Order:

Power on-IO. SYS-->msdos. Sys-->config. Sys-->command.com-->autoexec. BAT (Automatic batch file)

2.ms-dos Introduction

The popular windows9x system is based on MS-DOS at the moment.
Since the advent of DOS in 1981, the version has been updated, from the initial DOS1.0 to the latest DOS8.0 (Windows Me system), pure DOS is the highest version of DOS6.22, and this new version of DOS is provided by the Windows system and does not exist alone.
DOS is divided into two parts of the core boot program and the command program.
DOS Core boot program has boot system boot program, IO. SYS, MSDOS. SYS and Command.com. They are some of the most basic parts of a DOS system that can be started with their systems.
But the light has a startup program not yet, dos as a character of the operating system, the general operation is through the command to complete.

Dos commands are divided into internal commands and external commands. Internal commands are commonly used and occupy little space of the command program, such as Dir, CD, etc., they exist in the Command.com file, will be loaded into memory when the system starts, to facilitate the call. Some of the other external commands exist as separate executables and are then called into memory when they are used.
The advantage of DOS is fast. Skilled users can do some tedious tasks by creating a bat or cmd batch file, and can even make small programs with some judgment commands (IF, |).

3.ms-dos Internal Order

Break	ECHO	Rem
Pager	EXIT	RENAME (REN)
CHCP	For	RMDIR (RD)
CHDIR (CD)	Goto	SET
Cls	IF	SHIFT
COPY	Loadhigh (LH)	Time
Ctty	MKDIR (MD)	TYPE
DATE	PATH	VER
DEL (ERASE)	PAUSE	VERIFY
DIR	PROMPT	Vol.

Common error messages under the 4.DOS command

English Bad command or file name

Wrong command or file name

Cause and resolution of the error:

This is probably the most common error hint, it means that the input command is invalid. This error message occurs when the command entered is neither a DOS internal command, and the system cannot find the appropriate executable file in the lookup path or the specified path. You can check whether the command you entered is correct, such as whether you typed the wrong letter or not.

English Access Denied

Deny Access

Cause and resolution of the error:

This is also a common mistake that occurs when you use the del command to delete a file with a read-only attribute, or when multiple processes are accessing the same file in a multitasking environment, and attempting to write to a file in a network folder that has read-only permissions. The solution is also very simple, just remove the file read-only, implied properties, or to ensure that only one process at the same time read and write files, and remove the network folder read-only permissions.

English Drive isn't ready

The drive is not ready.

Cause and resolution of the error:

I believe everyone has encountered this error message! This is especially true when accessing removable disks (including floppy disks and discs). The workaround is to insert the disk and try again.

English Write Protect Error

Write Protection Error

Cause and resolution of the error:

This error occurs when an attempt is made to write information to a protected disk (usually a floppy). Remove the write protection from the disk.

English General error

General error [Translate]

Cause and resolution of the error:

This error usually occurs when DOS does not recognize the format of the specified disk, such as the floppy disk is not formatted. Format the disk with a command such as format, or convert it to a DOS-aware format.

English Abort,retry,ignore,fail?

Abort, retry, ignore, fail?

Cause and resolution of the error:

This error message occurs very often, such as when the disk is not ready. Enter a cancels the operation, and then returns to the DOS prompt, and the input R means try again, input I means ignore this error and continue, preferably do not use, enter F means skip this error, often select this item.

English File not found

File not found

Cause and resolution of the error:

This prompt will appear if you cannot find the specified file when you are using many commands. For example, when you use the dir command, the error message appears if the specified file does not exist. The workaround is to enter the file name correctly.

English Incorrect DOS version

Wrong version of DOS

Cause and resolution of the error:

This error message occurs when the command to be executed finds that the current DOS version is different from the DOS version expected by this command. For details and solutions, please see the article in the "DOS article" section of this site.

English Invalid Directory

Illegal directory

Cause and resolution of the error:

This prompt appears when you enter a directory that does not exist or is not valid. You can check if the input is incorrect.

English Invalid Drive Specification

The specified drive is illegal

Cause and resolution of the error:

This prompt appears when the drive you entered does not exist. Check to see if the drive is present. Some drives (such as NTFS volumes, CD-ROMs, network drives, and so on) need to be loaded with the appropriate drivers to be recognized.

English Syntax Error

Syntax error

Cause and resolution of the error:

This command is common when using some batch commands, such as if,for, to check if invalid syntax has been entered. With the for command as an example, its syntax is for the%F in (file name) do command, which cannot be mistaken for this syntax (such as a lost or omitted), you must enter the correct command in order to get the result of the phase.

English Required parameter missing

Missing Required parameters

Cause and resolution of the error:

This prompt will appear if you have omitted the parameters it needs to function properly when executing a command, such as Del.

English Invalid parameter

Illegal parameters

Cause and resolution of the error:

An invalid parameter was entered when the command was executed. You can check that the input parameters are correct, that there are no spelling errors, and so on. If you do not know what the parameters are, you can usually use the/? option of this command to view the parameter list.

English Not enough memory or insufficient memory

Insufficient memory

Cause and resolution of the error:

This information appears if the program discovers that the required memory is greater than the memory that is available (usually referred to as regular memory) when the program is executed. An out-of-memory situation occurs when too much memory-resident programs are executed, or the system memory is not well configured. You can see the "DOS memory Configuration" in this section.

English Divide overflow or Divide by zero

Divisor is zero

Cause and resolution of the error:

This error can occur if the system is not stable, is in conflict with other programs, or if the program itself is in trouble. You can restart the system before you run this program.

English Runtime Error XXX

Run time error XXX

Cause and resolution of the error:

Similar to the "divisor zero" error above. If the value of XXX is 200, you can see the "DOS article" section.

English Error in EXE file

President EXE file has errors

Cause and resolution of the error:

Usually this executable file is corrupted and cannot be reused. You can use a good one.

DOS command Daquan (i)-dos introduction