IIS related Setup issues and management

iis| problem

The ASP is installed automatically with IIS 5.0, and the Setup program provides the user with most of the configuration decisions. Automatically set up a default Web site and bind to the address based on the computer's primary IP address. This means that you can use the machine name (on the local area network) or use the computer's URL to access the Web site:
HTTP://sunspot <-access the default site over the LAN
HTTP://sunspot.stonebroom.com <-Global access default site
Keep in mind that IIS 5.0 is not just a Web server that provides the WWW service via HTTP, but it can also provide services to support FTP (file Transfer Protocol, Files Transfer Protocol) and SMTP (Simple Mailtransfer Protocol, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, and provides a RADIUS service to allow remote user authentication, plus built-in security and user Rights management features.
Installation of IIS
When you install a Windows 2000 Server, the default state is that IIS is not installed because not all servers are used as Web servers. However, after the Windows 2000 installation process is complete, the Windows Configure Server page opens in I e, where IIS and related software and services are installed.
If you have installed Windows 2000 without IIS, you can select Programs| at the Start menu. Administrative tools| Configure Server, open this page.
In Figure 1-7, select the advance option and click Optional Components. On the right page, click Start Thewindows Components Wizard to open a dialog box (similar to the option Pack in NT 4) that displays a series of components that are available for installation.

You can also use Add/remove programs to open this dialog box in Control Panel. In Figure 1-8, select the Internet Information Services (IIS) option and click the Details button.
The window that appears lists some of the subcomponents of IIS 5.0, most of which have been selected by default, including FTP and WWW (World Wide Web Server) services, as shown in Figure 1-9.

When learning ASP, it is worthwhile to install all (or most) of the subcomponents of IIS on your computer, so that you can obtain all of the documentation for these subcomponents when studying ASP and applications that use Windows other services.
Once setup is complete, you can use the Services dialog box (start| programs| Administrativetools | Services) to reduce the load on the server by shutting down unwanted subcomponents.
If you want to provide mail services through IIS, you must select the SMTP Service option. As you'll see later in this book, this will install the various files needed to create the ASP mail application. You can also install the Network News Transfer Protocol (Network news Transfer PROTOCOL,NNTP) service as needed to provide the newsgroup feature.
Be sure to select the Internet Information Service Manager snap-in option, which you can use Internet Services Manager from the Start menu to manage the Web server from MMC. If you want to use Visual InterDev or FrontPage to access Web pages on the server, you can install FrontPage Server Extensions.
The only information you need to provide to IIS during the setup process is the default Web and F-T site paths. The Setup program recommends that users use \inetpub\www root and \Inetpub\Ftproot. If you have multiple drives, you may just want to change the drive. You can also increase the speed of access to files by placing them on a different physical drive than the one containing the Windows system files.
Other Useful Windows Components
Back to the Main Windows Component Wizard dialog box, as shown in Figure 1-1 0, you can choose another Windows service that you want to install. In this book, we will use the message Queuing Services (MSMQ) and the microsoftindexing Service (index Server in the NT 4 Option pack). You can install them right away and choose the default option for both. A useful tool that you can install in this wizard is the Microsoft Script Debugger. We will introduce this tool in chapter 7th, and you can see that the tool makes debugging pages very handy. However, ensure that script Debugger is not installed on a public server or on a production server, but only on a test or development server.
After you install IIS, you can use them directly, and the installed default page indicates that the site is under construction. There is also a page that describes the features and purposes of IIS and has links to individual management programs. This page is in HTTP://Server_ name _ Or_url/localstart. In ASP, it is loaded only if there is no default.asp or Default.htm page under the site root directory.

It is necessary to remember that the HTTP protocol is used to access ASP pages. If you want to view the contents of a Web directory in Explorer, even on the same machine as the Web server or through a local area network, you cannot double-click them to load, you must type the URL of the machine (starting with http://) in the browser's address bar.
IIS Administration Tools
After the various services that are installed, Windows Components Wizard allows you to install the tools used to manage IIS. One of these is the Internet Services Manager (ISM) that has already been mentioned, which is a plug-in for Microsoft Management Console (MMC). There is also a set of HTML pages that can be used to manage IIS, which are optional subcomponents of Windows 2000.
These pages and ISM provide remote management capabilities, except that the ISM must be installed on a remote computer, and the HTML Administration page requires only the remote computer to install the browser (preferably with IE 4.0 or later).
HTML version of I S m
HTML Administration pages provide a truly easy way to remotely administer IIS, and are faster and more efficient. On the server, you can open it by selecting Internet Services Manager (HTML) from the Start menu. Figure 1-11 is the content of the default Web site.
Note that the URL for this page contains a port number, which is 6369. The installer generates a random port number between 1 0 0 0~9 9 9 9 and assigns it to the administrative Web site (administration) that was created when the HTML Administration page was installed. You must specify this port number in the URL, which is automatically added to the Start menu item. This preliminary security measure prevents access to people who do not know the port number.
To access the HTML Administration page from a remote computer, you must know the port number. This can be obtained from the Administration Website Properties dialog box. This TCP port number is displayed on the Web Site tab of this dialog box, as shown in Figure 1-1 2.


However, that's not all. By default, only browsers that are installed on a Web server can pull up these pages because IP restrictions are also set. At administration Web Site, select the IIS Admin virtual application, open the properties dialog for this program, and on the Directory Security tab, in the IP Addressand Domain Name restrictions (IP address and Domain name restrictions) box, select the Edit button, as shown in Figure 1-1 3.

When you open a dialog box, you can see this restriction, as shown in Figure 1-1 4. Only the IP address is 1 2 7. 0. 0. 1 (local server) to access this page, even if a request from another IP address contains the correct port number, it cannot be accessed.

You can change this setting as needed, either by removing the restriction (which is a dangerous method if connected to the Internet) or by adding your own IP address to the list. The address can be the IP address of the remote computer on the local area network, or the IP address of the proxy server or I S p (if connected over a network). However, for security purposes, it is necessary to establish a secure directory for this application through certificates and access via HTTPS (HTTP secure) rather than through HTTP, using S S L or a similar method. We'll discuss these topics later.
Common Administrative tasks
The default configuration for IIS is appropriate for most applications. When you start to build your site, you can certainly change this configuration so that the ASP works in a different way from IIS. We've seen some properties dialog boxes for the default Web site. If you are accustomed to using ASP 2.0 on IIS 4.0, you will find that most of the settings are quite familiar. The meaning of many new settings options can be understood through the control tag.
The settings that are most likely to be changed in the Properties dialog box are shown in Figure 1-1 5. In most cases, for a complete Web site, these settings are available through the Properties dialog box for this site. When you set up individual directories within a site, you open the Properties dialog box for the directory.

1. Home Directory Tab
The settings for the site's file or directory are set in the Home Directory tab. Note that the top option allows you to specify where the user request should be directed, which can be a directory on the local computer, a shared directory on the remote computer, or even a URL. The last option allows the viewer to be redirected to another computer.
An option in the middle section that contains settings that control what functionality is enabled on this site or directory. You can turn on or off write and read permissions, browse this directory (when there is no default Web page), and establish a page index through Microsoft Indexingservice (MIS) to record access and users. You can also allow access to source files, and some Windows 2000 new options are used for remote editing techniques such as Distributed Authoring and Versioning (DAV).
The lower part of this tab is where the virtual application is set up. The default Web site (shown in Figure 1-1 5) is automatically installed as a virtual application, as it was created by the installer for administrative purposes or other directories used by other services. When you start using active Server component in a page, you will discuss the virtual application in detail.
2. Web Site Tab
The Web Site tab is used to identify this web site to the outside world, manage the number of concurrent connections, and control access logs.
The upper option sets the site's IP address and ICP Port. For the default site, the Web service responds to all IP addresses available to the server (if there are multiple network adapters or multiple addresses in one network adapter) unless they are assigned to another site. The default WWW access port is port 80, as shown in Figure 1-1 6. Using this port number means that the viewer does not need to specify a port number in their request.

The middle option controls the number of concurrent connections that can be accepted and the length of time to run ASP scripts that cannot complete execution. Also allows you to specify whether to use HTTP keep-alives, which provides better performance for browsers, and supports the ability to keep connections open for multiple requests.
In the lower section you can set the format of the access log you want to take. The default is the format of the Extendedlog (the PDF file format). You can also use the Properties button to open a dialog box to further specify the details of the recording information. If you want to log to a database, you need to select the ODBC logging option and provide the ODBC system data source name (a System DSN, in chapter 8th) for the database table you are using.
3. Documents tab
This tab is much simpler than the two tabs mentioned above. If you access a directory without specifying a filename, the default page that it specifies is displayed. For example, as shown in Figure 1-1 7, for a request to Http://stone broom.com, the page that will be returned to the user is HTTP://stonebroom.com/Default.asp.
In Windows 2000, unlike earlier versions, the Setup program put Default.asp in the first place in the list, followed by Default.htm. This is because the ASP script is not included. ASP page processing speed is almost as fast as pure HTML, so Microsoft recommended all the pages are used. ASP file name extension.
The check boxes below this list allow us to specify the text or ASP file names that will be added to the end of each response, so that you can add a standard footer for all pages sent from this site or directory.
4. HTTP Headers tab

Let's discuss what the HTTP headers are, how and why they are used, and discuss the details in the next chapter. Take a look at the HTTP Headers tab, have a perceptual knowledge of what it can do, and explain how to find the appropriate controls to change the settings.
The HTTP Headers tab, as shown in Figure 1-1 8, is the upper option to set the date and time of validity of each document in this site or directory. After this time, any page copy in the cache of the browser or proxy server becomes invalid and cannot be displayed. This option allows the user to control how long to "save" a page in the cache before the new page must be loaded from the site.

The middle option allows you to add a custom HTTP header to all page responses returned from this site or directory. This is primarily used for custom client applications, or for specific custom data management.
The lower two options allow you to set the hierarchy of content for this site or directory page, and the MIME type header that the server sends back to the client. Content hierarchy is used to describe the level of content on a page, such as "sex", "Violence", "malignant language", and so on. The MIME type header is used to indicate the type of data that the customer expects from the server.
5. Server Extensions tab
The last tab to discuss here is the Server Extensions tab. An exciting new feature of IIS is the Distributed Authoring and Versioning (DAV), which, although not fully implemented in Windows 2000, But the DAV will eventually provide a good environment to allow users to edit documents stored on the Web server in their respective browsers. DAV expands the functionality currently provided by Microsoft's Visual InterDev and FrontPage, allowing you to edit non-web documents such as Word documents or Excel spreadsheets, which provide users with more flexible and interactive systems for an intranet environment.
DAV can use a series of software extensions that host Web servers, similar to FrontPage extensions (FrontPage extensions are used to enable InterDev and FrontPage to access and download files on the server). We'll look at the DAV in detail in the next chapters, looking at the Server Extensions tab first, as shown in Figure 1-1 9.

This tab allows you to control the book and versioning features used by this virtual application, as well as the way to specify the extended functionality for page editing hits (coordinating servers and controlling the caching of pages for optimal performance). When using DAV, you can also provide the default settings for sending e-mail messages from the page and set security restrictions to protect the content.