Install graphical interface package in Linux

Install the graphic interface package in Linux. 1. Configure the local Yum source on the rhel5 disk.

Dependency problems often occur when installing software. We can configure Yum to help us solve complicated software dependencies.

1.1 attach a cd

[Root @ xml-ora1 MNT] # Mount/dev/CDROM/mnt/CDROM/

Mount: block device/dev/CDROM iswrite-protected, mounting read-only

[Root @ xml-ora1 MNT] # ll/mnt/CDROM/

Total 3770

Dr-XR-x 3 Root 8192 Mar 22 2010 Cluster

Dr-XR-x 3 Root 8192 Mar 22 2010 clusterstorage

-R -- 8 Root 8445 Sep 3 2008 EULA

-R -- 3 Root 8445 Mar 10 2010 EULA. en_us

-R -- 8 Root 18416 Dec 1 2006 GPL

Dr-XR-x 4 Root 2048 Mar 22 2010 Images

Dr-XR-x 2 root Root 2048 Mar 22 2010 isolinux

1.2 modify Yum Source

Copy the original Yum source file backup, then use Vim to edit the yum file and save it:

[Root @ xml-ora1 CDROM] # cp/etc/yum. Repos. d/rhel-debuginfo.repo/etc/yum. Repos. d/rhel-debuginfo.repo.bak

[Root @ xml-ora1 CDROM] # vi/etc/yum. Repos. d/rhel-debuginfo.repo

[Root @ xml-ora1 CDROM] # More/etc/yum. Repos. d/rhel-debuginfo.repo

[Cluster]

Name = Red Hat Enterprise Linux $ releasever-$ basearch-Cluster

Baseurl = file: // MNT/CDROM/Cluster

Enabled = 1

Gpgcheck = 1

Gpgkey = file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-RedHat-release

 

[Clusterstorage]

Name = Red Hat Enterprise Linux $ releasever-$ basearch-clusterstorage

Baseurl = file: // MNT/CDROM/clusterstorage

Enabled = 1

Gpgcheck = 1

Gpgkey = file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-RedHat-release

 

[Server]

Name = Red Hat Enterprise Linux $ releasever-$ basearch-Server

Baseurl = file: // MNT/CDROM/Server

Enabled = 1

Gpgcheck = 1

Gpgkey = file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-RedHat-release

 

[Vt]

Name = Red Hat Enterprise Linux $ releasever-$ basearch-vt

Baseurl = file: // MNT/CDROM/vt

Enabled = 1

Gpgcheck = 1

Gpgkey = file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-RedHat-release

 

Configuration File social description:

1) The name of the warehouse is in [].

2) Name is the repository description or resource name.

3) location of the baseurl repository, path of the yum source directory

4) Enabled: whether to enable the repository. 1 indicates the repository is used, 0 indicates the repository is disabled,Set local to 1

5) gpgcheck whether to check the GPG signature (used to verify whether the package to be installed is officially RedHat)

1.3 Test Yum source usage

The following information is displayed, indicating that the configuration is successful:

[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum grouplist

Setting up group process

Installed groups:

Administration Tools

Legacy Software Development

Legacy Software Support

Mail Server

Network Servers

Server configuration tools

System Tools

Text-based Internet

XWindow system

Available groups:

Authoring and Publishing

Cluster Storage

Clustering

DNS name server

Development Libraries

Development Tools

Editors

Engineering and scientific

FTP Server

GNOME Desktop Environment

Gnome Software Development

Games and entertainment

Graphical Internet

Graphics

Java Development

KDE (K desktop environment)

KDE Software Development

KVM

Legacy network server

MySQL database

News Server

Office/productinetworks

Openfabrics Enterprise Distribution

PostgreSQL database

Printing support

Sound and video

Web Server

Windows File Server

Xsoftware Development

Xen

Done

2. Install the XWindow package

[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupinstall "X Window System"

Transaction Summary

========================================================== ========================================================

Install 176 package (s)

Upgrade 0 package (s)

 

Total download size: 95 m

Is this OK [Y/n]:Y

Downloading packages:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total 511 Mb/s | 95 MB

Warning: rpmts_hdrfromfdno: Header V3 dsasignature: nokey, key ID 37017186

Server/gpgkey | 1.1 kb: 00

Importing GPG Key 0x37017186 "Red Hat, Inc. (release key) <security@redhat.com>" from/etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-RedHat-release

Is this OK [Y/n]: Y

Running rpm_check_debug

Running transaction Test

Finished transaction Test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

Installing: libbonobo 1/176

......

Xorg-x11-xkb-utils.x86_640: 1.0.2-2.1

Xsri. x86_64. 1.0-10. fc6

Xulrunner. x86_64 0:1. 9.0.18-1. el5_4

Yelp. x86_64. 16.0-22. EL5

Complete!

In this case, the graphic interface package is successfully installed. When you use Yum to install it again, the installed package will appear. If you install it manually, follow the package below, however, installing many dependent packages is troublesome.

 

[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupinstall "x windowsystem"

Setting up group process

Package xorg-x11-fonts-misc-7.1-2.1.el5.noarchalready installed and latest version

Packagexorg-x11-server-Xorg-1.1.1-48.76.el5.x86_64 already installed and latestversion

Packagexorg-x11-fonts-ISO8859-1-75dpi-7.1-2.1.el5.noarch already installed and latestversion

Package xorg-x11-fonts-100dpi-7.1-2.1.el5.noarchalready installed and latest version

Packagexorg-x11-fonts-75dpi-7.1-2.1.el5.noarch already installed and latest version

Package 1: xorg-x11-xauth-1.0.1-2.1.x86_64already installed and latest version

Package desktop-backgrounds-basic-2.0-37.noarchalready installed and latest version

Packagexorg-x11-fonts-ISO8859-1-100dpi-7.1-2.1.el5.noarch already installed and latestversion

Package xorg-x11-xinit-1.0.2-15.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version

Package xorg-x11-fonts-truetype-7.1-2.1.el5.noarchalready installed and latest version

Package 1: xorg-x11-xfs-1.0.2-4.x86_64already installed and latest version

Packagexorg-x11-fonts-Type1-7.1-2.1.el5.noarch already installed and latest version

Package bitmap-fonts-0.3-5.1.1.noarchalready installed and latest version

Package xorg-x11-drivers-7.1-4.2.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version

Package 1: xorg-x11-twm-1.0.1-3.1.x86_64already installed and latest version

Package xorg-x11-apps-7.1-4.0.1.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version

Package pirut-1.3.28-17.el5.noarch alreadyinstalled and latest version

Package openssh-askpass-4.3p2-41.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version

Packagerhn-setup-gnome-0.4.20-33.el5.noarch already installed and latest version

Package liberation-fonts-1.0-1.el5.noarchalready installed and latest version

Package firstboot-1.4.27.8-1.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version

Packagesystem-config-display-1.0.48-2.el5.noarch already installed and latest version

Package freeglut-2.4.0-7.1.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version

Package freeglut-2.4.0-7.1.el5.i386 alreadyinstalled and latest version

Package 1: gdm-2.16.0-56.el5.x86_64 alreadyinstalled and latest version

Package policycoreutils-gui-1.33.12-14.8.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version

Package rhgb-0.16.4-8.el5.x86_64 alreadyinstalled and latest version

Package synaptics-0.14.4-8.fc6.x86_64already installed and latest version

Package krb5-auth-dialog-0.7-1.x86_64already installed and latest version

Packagesystem-config-soundcard-2.0.6-1.el5.noarch already installed and latest version

Package xterm-215-8.el5_4.1.x86_64 alreadyinstalled and latest version

Package dejavu-lgc-fonts-2.10-1.noarchalready installed and latest version

Package linuxwacom-0.7.8.3-8.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version

Packagesystem-config-services-0.9.4-5.el5.noarch already installed and latest version

Package vnc-server-4.1.2-14.el5_3.1.x86_64already installed and latest version

Packagesystem-config-date-1.8.12-4.el5.noarch already installed and latest version

Package glx-utils-6.5.1-7.8.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version

Package wdaemon-0.14-5.x86_64 alreadyinstalled and latest version

Package authconfig-gtk-5.3.21-6.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version

Packagesystem-config-printer-0.7.32.10-1.el5.x86_64 already installed and latestversion

Packagesystem-config-network-1.3.99.18-1.el5.noarch already installed and latestversion

Package bitstream-vera-fonts-1.10-7.noarchalready installed and latest version

Packagesystem-config-users-1.2.51-4.el5.noarch already installed and latest version

No packages in any requested groupavailable to install or update

 

3. Start XWindow

At this point, if you start the graphic interface, you will see the original graphic interface of Linux, as shown below:

To display the desktop, you also need to install the Desktop component. Use Yum grouplist to view the following components:

GNOME desktop environment and KDE (kdesktop environment) are not installed.

4. Install gnome graphics Desktop

[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupinstall "gnomedesktop Environment"

Zenity x86_64 2.16.0-2. EL5 Server 1.2 m

Transaction Summary

========================================================== ========================================================

Install 145 package (s)

Upgrade 0 package (s)

Total download size: 124 m

Is this OK [Y/n]:Y

Downloading packages:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total 1.4 Gb/s | 124 MB

......

Running rpm_check_debug

Running transaction Test

Xorg-x11-server-Xnest.x86_64. 1.1-48.76.el5

Zenity. x86_64. 16.0-2. EL5

Complete!

5. Start gnome graphics Desktop

[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # startx

If the Linux GUI is installed properly, the installation is successful.

6. view commonly used graphical desktop commands 6.1, installed components, and uninstalled Components

[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum grouplist

6.2 install the XWindow package

If the system is installed with minimal installation at the beginning, and XWindow is not installed, install

[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupinstall "x windowsystem"

6.3 install and uninstall GNOME Desktop

Install GNOME Desktop Environment

[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop Environment"

 

Uninstall GNOME Desktop

[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupremove "gnome upgrade topenvironment"

6.4 install and uninstall GNOME Desktop

Install the KDE Desktop Environment

[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupinstall "KDE (K handle topenvironment )"

 

Uninstall the KDE Desktop Environment

[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupremove "KDE (K hour topenvironment )"

6.5 default desktop settings and switching

By default, the desktop selection settings are as follows:

Method 1:Modify/etc/sysconfig/desktop and change the content after "desktop" to KDE or GNOME as needed.

Method 2:Create ". xinitrc "file (note that there is a dot before the file name, which indicates that a hidden file is created). The file contains a line of startkde or gnome-session, select KDE or GNOME as needed.

 

Switch between GNOME and KDE ("#" is followed by the input command)

1. If you need to switch to Gnome:

[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # switchdesk gnome

2. If you need to switch to KDE:

[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # switchdesk KDE

6.6 exit graphical interface

You can directly press CTRL + ALT + F1 or ctal + ALT + F2 to switch to the text console. Or there are options in the graphic interface menu. When you choose to exit or shut down, you choose to exit the text interface.