Linux Hardware installation _unix Linux

1, how much hard disk space to install Linux?

Decide what distribution Linux to install, how many applications to mount, whether to install the original code, and so on.

For example, the most basic Slackware Linux requires about 10MB of space, including x Windows 80M, if you want to the basic system tools, common applications and TCP/IP network software installation (that is, a, B, N series numbering software), almost 40-50MB, If you want to install all, about 200MB.

As for Redhat Linux, minimal installation (only the most basic system) about 60M, the default installation of about 250M, all installed, about the need for 340M, if the original code, x-windows, some common tools, Applications and leave a certain amount of spool space, about to 450~500m around.

Installing Debian Gnu/linux requires 500MB--1GB.

2, Linux hardware driver general how to install?

Linux supports a wide variety of computer hardware, this is done through the software driver, these drivers included in the kernel Source code, such as to learn driver writing, can be to/usr/src/linux/ Drivers directory to find the corresponding driver source code, or reference kernel Hack FAQ.

Linux environment to "hang up" a certain driver, the method and DOS completely different. DOS, is by adding the appropriate driver in the Config.sys to hang, the Linux method is through the system core of the compiler (Recompile Kernel) hanging, in the compilation process, to do the necessary function and hardware category selection, All corresponding drivers are then automatically compiled into the kernel, becoming part of Kernel image. After the Linux2.0 version, adding more powerful module modules allows users to load or dismount drivers at any time, making Linux hardware drivers easier and safer to install.

3, display card general how to install?

For i740 display cards, use the Ax4.1+4100.000.tar.gz;i740/neomagic display card to download an RPM package, For the following version of RedHat6.0 (including 6.0), because the graphics database is not i740, to download the new graphics database, 1.i386.taz, download xf86config-glibc-1.1.0.i386.tgz Xfcom-i740-glibc-1.10-1.i386.taz the two files, then extract them into the/tmp/usr/x11r6/bin/directory, then copy them to the corresponding directory in the root directory, and then configure Xf86config. The commercial nature of the i740 graphics driver can be accessed by: http;//www.metrolink.com. The i740 video card Xserver has Acceleratex 4.1, but not free, the price is very high.

For S3 v2/g2 (such as WinFast S680), use ax4.1+ No. 016 Update; As for Riva TNT, there is XF86 patch on Nvidia's homepage, and the new XF86 3.3.3 has been supported.

For S3 's savage 3D graphics, the Linux distribution suite can only use VGA16 x server, only 320x200 resolution in X windows, and dismount to allow Linux to support savage 3D graphics:

(1) Download Savage 3D video card x server, copy to temporary directory/temp

(2) According to SVGA configuration Xf86config file, to root login, enter the directory/USR/BIN/X11R6, input xf86config start configuration, configure the mouse, keyboard, monitor, display card, configure the program asked whether from its graphics database selected, Because it only supports VGA16 for the Savage 3D card, select No, and then select 3 to use the XF86-SVGA server to establish the symbolic link selection yes.

(3) Install the X server of Savage 3D video card, enter the temporary directory/temp, install with Rpm–i xfree86–s3d–0.1-3.i386.rpm, enter/USR/BIN/X11R6,CPXF86-SVGA XSVGA,CP Xf86-s3d XF86-SVGA, the last input STARTX-BPP32 uses true color to start x windows.

18. How do I install the video card with no driver in x Windows? How do I see the display card Configuration in X Window?

Just load the driver of the main chip of the video card (for example, the main chip of the WinFast S680 display card is S3virge GX/2).

Use Superprobe to view the configuration of the display card under console.

4, X-window How to configure the PS/2 mouse? RedHat Linux on the installation of the mouse what to pay attention to? X Windows mouse don't listen to the solution?

A more convenient approach is to use Xf86setup to configure. In addition, you can directly modify the [MOUSE] section of the Xf86config file to ensure that the mouse device in the file is pointing to the/dev/psaux generally OK

RedHat Linux on the mouse installation to note:

First check whether there are any/etc/sysconfig/mouse files, as follows:

MOUSE type= "Microsoft"

Xemu3=yes

In addition, there must be a/etc/rc.d/init.d/gpm file, which, of course, is set to match the mouse type. Note: In the popular computer now, MOUSE type is "PS/2".

Mouse The solution: There are several lines in the/etc/x11/xf86config file (Redhat) or/etc/xf86config (slackware) file:

section "Pointer"

Protocol "Mousesystems"

Device "/dev/mouse"

Explain what the mouse is the protocol, with what interface, check.

5. How to set up the keyboard under Redhat Linux?

If you have omitted to set up your keyboard during installation, or if you have switched to a different keyboard, you will need:

(1) Select the appropriate keyboard table from the/usr/lib/kbd/keytables/; for example, It.map on behalf of the Italian keyboard.

(2) Edit/etc/sysconfig/keyboard to make use of: keytable= "/usr/lib/kbd/keytables/it.map"

(3) Set the repetition rate and delay time of the keyboard, and attach the following to one of the/etc/profile or RC documents:

/sbin/kbdrate-s-R 16-d or whatever-or other value

(4) Finally run the following instructions to allow the keyboard to be set: ~# chmod 666/dev/port

The keyboard will work properly the next time you turn on the boot.

6, running the Linux system, how much memory needs to be equipped?

At least 4MB, if it is 4M in the installation will be more trouble. If it is used in character terminal mode, at least 4MB; To use x-windows, there must be at least 8MB. If you use Linux as a server, you need at least 16MB of RAM, and software like Netscape requires 64M of memory.

7, the system identified less than the actual number of memory (such as 128M) how to do?

Add parameters to boot mem=128m

1 If you use Loadlin, in the Linux.bat file, start the end of the line plus mem=128m

2 If you use Lilo, add mem=128m to the lilo.conf, and then run Lilo and start again.

8, how to install the sound card under Redhat Linux?

RedHat4.2 version, the installation of the sound card is still more troublesome, today's version 6.2, Kernel has supported the sound card, if it is SoundBlaster sound card, as long as the root use command sndconfig can be set up, if not SB sound card, the following methods can be used:

1) Use Sndconfig to set

2) Modify/etc/conf.modules, add the following lines

Alias Sound SB

Options-k SB io=0x220 irq=5 dma=1,5

Alias Midi OPL3

Options-k OPL3 io=0x388

3 under Win98/dos, check the sound card current interrupt IRQ and I/O address settings, manually load the sound card module, such as Modprobe opl3 irq=5 dma=1,5 io=220

4 If you can not work, you have to try to recompile a new kernel for the sound card, under/usr/src/linux, execute make menuconfig, if the original code has not been loaded, execute:

Rpm-i/mnt/cdrom/redhat/rpms/kernel-source*.rpm

9. Does Linux support Plug and Play sound cards?

Linux 2.1 should be able to fully support Plug and Play, to allow Plug and Play sound can be used, but also to do some work.

1 if there is a Plug and Play BIOS pc, carefully set the sound card to ensure that the core sound driver's I/O address, IRQ and DMA settings and the same as the BIOS.

2 The Plug and Play tool that is used to configure this card under Linux can be found in Red Hat's website http://www.redhat.com/and may be included in the Linux package.

3 If you use this card under WINDOWS98, you can use the Device Manager settings card, and then use Loadlin hot boot into Linux to determine Windows98 and Linux using the same set parameters.

4 If in DOS with this card, you can use the Sound Blaster card 16PnP card attached to the ICU utility, set in DOS, and then with Loadlin hot boot into Linux, to determine the DOS and Linux with the same set parameters.

The commercial version of the OSS sound driver supports Sound Blaster 16PnP, which can be purchased from the 4Front technologies.

10, how to configure the sound card

If it is a ISA/PNP sound card, first set the ISAPNP.

If it is SoundBlaster series and use the RH5.1 above version, you can use it with the sndconfig to configure the sound card, even ISAPNP do not have to match.

If the sound card is already working, then there is the configuration information for the sound card in the/etc/sndstat, if this file is not available or if it is empty, the sound card is not driven (may be different for some PCI sound cards in 2.2.127), and check out the/dev/audio/dev/dsp/dev/ Mixer and other files are present. If you do not find a sound card type in the kernel configuration, you can try to configure it in a SoundBlaster-compatible way, and you can download the OSS (Open Sound System) or Ossfree, which is commercial software, although the trial version can be constantly soundoff/ Soundon, after all, very troublesome. The 2.2.12x kernel supports some new sound cards, especially PCI sound cards, to try.

11, after compiling the core, reboot can not automatically load the sound card, in the prompt to knock Cat/dev/sndstat can be used, how to solve?

The following methods are available:

1) Modify/etc/rc.d/rc.modules

2) Find the words "sound support"

3) Add "/sbin/modprobe sound"

4) Reboot

13, Linux can use a soft cat?

This kind of cat because there is no DSP chip, is through the software driven by the CPU to assume the work of DSP, unless the manufacturer support, otherwise Linux can not be used.

14, PNP Modem in Linux work normally, because a digital camera received COM1, WIN98 PNP (automatic adjustment of the ports), and so back to Linux, you can not use, how to do?

Solution:

1) Shielding COM2 on the motherboard

2) Run pnpdump>isapnp.conf and modify isapnp.conf according to the situation

3 Set up the PNP directly copy the isapnp.conf to the/etc.

4) Try Setserial/dev/cua1-port 0x2f8-irq3-uart16550a-v

If not again, simply reload the Redhat 6.1. Or try again to compile the serial port into the module: the serial port compiled into the core, so that the initialization time is far earlier than the call Isapnp time, so ISAPNP also White did. When compiled into a module, it is the first call to ISAPNP, and then modprobe, should be able to solve the problem.

15, built-in modem, set to IRQ12 and Io3e8, but in Linux, set to COM3 occupy IRQ4 and Io 3e8, how to change the settings?

Disable 0x3e8 in the BIOS. If the built-in modem is Plug and play, it may be reset by the Plug and Play BIOS to IRQ4,IRQ12 should be set with the Setup program under Win/dos.

16, how to install the built-in AT & T win modem card?

Can not use, because its control and DSP are CPU, if the manufacturer does not write the driver no one to write the driver, the other Linux is multi-user, multitasking operating system, its response time is very important, it should not be CPU to do DSP, affect the operation of Linux.

17, Red Hat Linux on how to set up the printer?

Red Hat's setup tools are easy to set up for common printers and can be set manually if you don't use the Red Hat version of Linux.

18, how to install the ISA/PNP card under Linux?

This type of PNP network card must be set up with ISAPNP to use, such as 3c509 network card, preferably with the manufacturer's 3C5X9XFG.EXE program to set all the parameters and prohibit PnP, so in Linux with no problem. On the PNP sound card it is also necessary to note that make menuconfig sometimes fails to properly configure the parameters of the sound card because the sound card's code is relatively independent of the rest of the kernel, and its own script is invoked to modify the code during the configuration process. For the code to be fully configured, make menuconfig should do it again after making config, and then check again.

19. How to install multiple network adapters?

1 Install two network card, add append = "Ether=0,0,eth1" in lilo.conf

2 when three blocks are inserted, then: Append = "Ether=0,0,eth1 ether=0,0,eth2"

Examples are as follows:

Boot =/dev/hda

#compact # faster, but won ' t work on all systems.

Delay = 50

VGA = normal # force sane state

Append= "Ether=0,0,eth1" #不知道网卡irq和iobase时

[append= "Ether=9,0xfce0,eth0 ether=5,0xfcc0,eth1" #知道网卡irq和iobase时]

# ramdisk = 0 # Paranoia Setting

# End LILO Global section

# Linux Bootable partition config begins

Image =/zimage

root =/dev/hda1

label = Linux

Read-only # Non-umsdos filesystems should be mounted read-only for checking

# Linux Bootable partition config ends

If it has been compiled into a module, it should be in/etc/rc.d/rc.modules (/etc/conf.modules in Redhat), plus a similar line:/sbin/modprobe ne Io=io1,io2

20, without the network card, only two serial line or parallel line to connect two computers, how to implement the transmission of the file under Linux? Can you achieve a "Direct Cable Connection" function similar to the Win98?

Two at the same time start pppd on the line, carefully look at the configuration file can be good grasp. If one of them to accept the serial port login, Redhat original Mingetty not, you have to switch to Agetty or Mgetty, both in the Free software library, and then change the corresponding content/etc/inittab. If there is no login function, it is much simpler, but the speed is very slow. Linux also supports the same port IP traffic called Plip.

21, the system does not recognize the NE2000 network card?

There may be two reasons for this:

(1) The core (Kernel) is not supported. The workaround is to recompile the Kernel, as follows:

Cd/usr/src/linux; Make Menuconfig Select the NIC as M or Y and then:

Make mproper; Make DEP; Make clean; Make bzimage; make modules; Make Modules_install then compiles the new core (for example, bzimage) to/boot overwrite the original old version (for security, to backup beforehand), and finally to perform Lilo and reboot

(2) The network card parameter is not set correctly.

Use the drive disk with the network card to find the interrupt and IO of the NIC, modify the/etc/conf.modules, and add the following:

Alias Eth0 NE

Options NE io=0x300

or add the following in lilo.conf:

Append= "Ether=10,0x300,eth0"

22, how to configure the Accton PNP network card?

Use the NE2000 driver to drive the Accton PNP network card, modify the/etc/conf.modules (if one is not created), and add the following:

Alias Eth0 NE

Options NE io=0x300

or add the following in lilo.conf:

Append= "Ether=10,0x300,eth0"