Directory Operations
| command name |
function Description |
Examples of Use |
| Mkdir |
Create a Directory |
mkdir dirname |
| RmDir |
Delete a directory |
RmDir dirname |
| Mvdir |
Move or rename a directory |
Mvdir Dir1 Dir2 |
| Cd |
Change the current directory |
CD dirname |
| Pwd |
Displays the path name of the current directory |
Pwd |
| Ls |
Display the contents of the current directory |
Ls-la |
| dircmp |
Compare the contents of two directories |
DIRCMP Dir1 Dir2 |
File operations
| command name |
feature description |
use example |
| cat |
show or connect files |
cat filename |
| pg |
page format display file contents |
pg filename |
| more |
split screen display file contents |
more filename |
| od |
Show Non- Content of the text file |
od-c filename |
| cp |
Copy file or directory |
CP file1 file2 |
| rm |
Delete a file or directory |
rm filename |
| mv |
Change the file name or directory |
mv File1 file2 |
| ln |
join file |
ln-s file1 file2 |
| Find |
find files using matching expressions |
find.-name "*.c"-print |
| file |
display files of type |
file filename |
| Open |
opening a file with the default program |
open filename |
Select action
| command name |
function Description |
Examples of Use |
| Head |
Show the first few lines of a file |
head-20 filename |
| Tail |
Display the last few lines of a file |
tail-15 filename |
| Cut |
Display some fields in each row of a file |
Cut-f1,7-d:/etc/passwd |
| Colrm |
Remove several columns from standard input |
COLRM 8 File2 |
| Paste |
Cross-connect files |
Paste File1 file2 |
| Diff |
Compare and display the differences of two files |
diff File1 File2 |
| Sed |
Non-interactive mode flow editor |
Sed "s/red/green/g" filename |
| Grep |
Find in Files by pattern |
grep "^[a-za-z]" filename |
| Awk |
Find and manipulate patterns in files |
awk ' {print '} ' filename |
| Sort |
Sort or Merge files |
sort-d-f-u File1 |
| Uniq |
Remove duplicate rows from a file |
Uniq file1 file2 |
| Comm |
Public and non-public rows showing two ordered files |
Comm File1 File2 |
| Wc |
The number of characters, words, and lines of a statistic file |
WC filename |
| nl |
Add a line number to a file |
NL file1 >file2 |
Safe operation
| command name |
function Description |
Examples of Use |
| passwd |
Modify User Password |
passwd |
| chmod |
Change permissions for a file or directory |
chmod ug+x filename |
| Umask |
Define a permission mask to create a file |
Umask 027 |
| Chown |
Change the owner of a file or directory |
Chown newowner filename |
| Chgrp |
Change the owning group of a file or directory |
CHGRP staff filename |
| Xlock |
To lock the terminal |
Xlock-remote |
Programming operations
| command name |
function Description |
Examples of Use |
| Make |
Maintaining the latest version of an executable program |
Make |
| Touch |
Update file access and modification times |
Touch-m 05202400 filename |
| Dbx |
Command line interface Debugging Tools |
DBX a.out |
| Xde |
Graphical user interface Debugging Tools |
Xde a.out |
Process actions
| command name |
function Description |
Examples of Use |
| Ps |
Show the current status of the process |
PS u |
| Kill |
Terminating a process |
Kill-9 30142 |
| Nice |
Change the priority of the pending command |
Nice cc-c *.c |
| Renice |
Change the priority of a running process |
Renice +20 32768 |
Time operation
| command name |
function Description |
Examples of Use |
| Date |
Displays the current date and time of the system |
Date |
| Aa. |
Show Calendar |
Cal 8 1996 |
| Time |
Execution time of the statistical program |
Time A.out |
Network and communication operations
| command name |
function Description |
Examples of Use |
| Telnet |
Telnet |
Telnet hpc.sp.net.edu.cn |
| Rlogin |
Telnet |
Rlogin hostname-l username |
| Rsh |
Execute the specified command on the remote host |
RSH f01n03 Date |
| Ftp |
Transferring files between a local host and a remote host |
FTP ftp.sp.net.edu.cn |
| Rcp |
Copying files between a local host and a remote host |
rcp file1 host1:file2 |
| Ping |
Send a response request to a network host |
Ping hpc.sp.net.edu.cn |
| Mail |
Read and send e-mail |
Mail |
| Write |
Send a message to another user |
Write username PTS/1 |
| Mesg |
Allow or deny receiving of messages |
MESG N |
Korn shell command
| command name |
function Description |
Examples of Use |
| History |
List several recently executed commands and numbers |
History |
| R |
Repeatedly executes a command that has been recently executed |
R-2 |
| Alias |
To define an alias for a command |
Alias Del=rm-i |
| Unalias |
To cancel the definition of an alias |
Unalias del |
Other commands
| command name |
function Description |
Examples of Use |
| Uname |
Displays information about the operating system |
Uname-a |
| Clear |
Clear screen or window contents |
Clear |
| Env |
Show all currently set environment variables |
Env |
| W.H.O. |
List all users who are currently logged on |
W.H.O. |
| WhoAmI |
Displays the user name that is currently in action |
WhoAmI |
| Tty |
Displays the name of the terminal or pseudo terminal |
Tty |
| Stty |
Display or reset control key definitions |
Stty-a |
| Du |
Querying disk usage |
Du-k SubDir |
| Df |
Displays the total and free space of the file system |
Df/tmp |
| W |
Displays the total information for the current system activity |
W
|
Mac Terminal commands
