Oracle 11g Installation Readiness
Directory
Oracle 11g Installation Readiness
Oracle 11g:
Oracle 11g online Documentation:
Oracle 11g R2 Database installation hardware configuration requirements:
Linux Platforms
Required Package Support:
Create an Oracle User
modifying kernel parameters
Modify User Limits
Modify user authentication Options
Modify a User Configuration file
Installation directory Configuration
Modify User Bash Shell
Oracle 11g Installation
Installing the Software
Create a database
Oracle Test
To close the database:
Summarize
1. Check the hardware
2. Download software
3. Modify the Host File
4. Install package Check
5, the LIBSTDC package link
Three. Parameter settings
1. Set Core parameters
2, set the shell Limits (System resource limit), improve the efficiency of software operation
3. Create users and groups and related directories
4. Set installation Environment variables
Save exit
Oracle 11g:
Http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html
Select the desired Oracle installation File Download
Oracle 11g online Documentation:
Http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/homepage
can download its PDF document reference (where the Linux The Installation Wizard is the most authoritative installation manual)
Oracle 11g R2 Database installation hardware configuration requirements:
Minimum memory 1 GB of RAM
Virtual Memory capacity
Available RAM |
Swap Space Required |
Between 1 GB and 2 GB |
1.5 times the size of RAM |
Between 2 GB and GB |
Equal to the size of RAM |
More than GB |
+ GB |
Hard disk space requirements
Database software hard disk space requirements:
Installation Type |
Requirement for Software Files (GB) |
Enterprise Edition |
3.95 |
Standard Edition |
3.88 |
Data file hard disk space requirements:
Installation Type |
Requirement for Data Files (GB) |
Enterprise Edition |
1.7 |
Standard Edition |
1.5 |
command to check
Memory
# grep Memtotal/proc/meminfo
Swap space
# grep Swaptotal/proc/meminfo
Disk space
# Df-ah
Linux Platforms
Viewing the online documentation, you can see that the Oracle 11g supports the Linux operating system
Http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24321/pre_install.htm%23CHDFFBIF
Below is X86 (32-bit) on Linux
where red Hat 4 corresponds to Oracle Linux 4 and corresponds to cent OS 4 (version to correspond)
Required Package Support:
By looking at the package requirements listed in the Oracle installation documentation, you can view the packages required on different platforms, listed below Asianux 3, Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.0, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.0 requirements, check
If the system has installed these packages, if the corresponding RPM package is not found on the corresponding system CD and installed.
Inspection work: Executed in sequence: Rpm-qa | grep below package
binutils-2.17.50.0.6
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3
elfutils-libelf-0.125
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125
elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.125
gcc-4.1.2
gcc-c++-4.1.2
Glibc-2.5-24
glibc-common-2.5
glibc-devel-2.5
glibc-headers-2.5
kernel-headers-2.6.18
ksh-20060214
libaio-0.3.106
libaio-devel-0.3.106
libgcc-4.1.2
libgomp-4.1.2
libstdc++-4.1.2
libstdc++-devel-4.1.2
make-3.81
sysstat-7.0.2
unixODBC-2.2.11
unixodbc-devel-2.2.11
binutils-2.17.50.0.6
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3
elfutils-libelf-0.125
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125
elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.125
gcc-4.1.2
gcc-c++-4.1.2
Glibc-2.5-24
glibc-common-2.5
glibc-devel-2.5
glibc-headers-2.5
kernel-headers-2.6.18
ksh-20060214
libaio-0.3.106
libaio-devel-0.3.106
libgcc-4.1.2
libgomp-4.1.2
libstdc++-4.1.2
libstdc++-devel-4.1.2
make-3.81
sysstat-7.0.2
unixODBC-2.2.11
unixodbc-devel-2.2.11
Create
Oracle
User
Root User: Create Oracle Installation Group Oinstall, DBA for DB Administrators group, and Oracle user
#/usr/sbin/groupadd Oinstall
#/usr/sbin/groupadd DBA
#/usr/sbin/useradd-g OINSTALL-G dba Oracle (Primary group Oinstall, other group: DBA)
# passwd Oracle
Modifying kernel parameters
Root User: Modify the/etc/sysctl.conf file, plus the following parameters
FS.AIO-MAX-NR = 1048576
Fs.file-max = 6815744
Kernel.shmall = 2097152
Kernel.shmmax = 536870912
Kernel.shmmni = 4096
Kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
Net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
Net.core.rmem_default = 262144
Net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
Net.core.wmem_default = 262144
Net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
For the above configuration to take effect without restarting the system, execute the following command
#/sbin/sysctl-p
Modify User Limits
Root User: Modify the/etc/security/limits.conf file, plus the following parameters
Oracle Soft Nproc 2047
Oracle Hard Nproc 16384
Oracle Soft Nofile 1024
Oracle Hard Nofile 65536
Modify user authentication Options
Root User: Modify the/etc/pam.d/login file with the following parameters
Session Required Pam_limits.so
Modify a User Configuration file
Root User: Modify the/etc/profile file to include the following parameters:
if [$USER = "Oracle"]; Then
if [$SHELL = "/bin/ksh"]; Then
Ulimit-p 16384
Ulimit-n 65536
Else
Ulimit-u 16384-n 65536
Fi
Fi
Installation directory Configuration
Root User:
# mkdir-p/u01/orainventory
# Chown-r ORACLE:OINSTALL/U01/
# Chmod-r 775/U01/
Modify User Bash Shell
$ VI. bash_profile
Add the following content, mainly to modify
Export ORACLE_BASE=/U01
Export Oracle_home= $ORACLE _base/oracle
Export Oracle_sid=oraclesid
Export path= $ORACLE _home/bin: $PATH: $HOME/bin
After the completion of the execution:
#su –oracle
#env | grep Ora to see if the environment variable is complete
Oracle 11g installation and installation software
Log in with an Oracle user, and then extract the Oracle installation files:
$ unzip Linux_11gr1_database.zip
Then go to the extracted directory and execute
$./runinstaller
Then go to the extracted directory and execute
Choose advanced installation, Advanced is also very simple
The default orainventory is that the Oracle user does not have write permission under the root directory, so warning do the next step without a tube
Modify the Inventory directory directory to/u01/oralinventory, at which point the Oracle user has write permissions and the next step:
Oracle will perform pre-installation checks and, if there are no errors, go directly to the next step.
The errors that may occur are:
(1) Modification of the system configuration file is not effective, the most absolute way to restart the system
(2) Static IP problem, if you use static IP, you should open/etc/hosts add static IP designation: such as 192.168.188.10 localhost.localdomain (routing domain name)
(3) Memory problems, if the intrinsic setting of about 1G, or slightly less, can be ignored
The next step, the installation is complete! However, no database is created at this time.
Create a database
Configure Listener First
$ NETCA (NET configuration)
Note: The following error may be reported at this time
is due to the default host name, modify 2 at
[Email protected] ~]$ cat/etc/sysconfig/network
Networking=yes
hostname=test11g
gateway=192.168.1.254
[Email protected] ~]$ cat/etc/hosts
# don't remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality would fail.
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost test11g
Hostname test11g
Allow the Oracle user to log out again to start NETCA normally (reference: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_470504830100s2fz.html)
Port use 1521 (all port numbers can be used without a firewall enabled), go directly to the next step to completion, and check to see if it starts:
$ PS–EF | grep LISTENER
Create a database
$DBCA (Database configuration)
Next
Select Default, Next
Enter the database name and SID (as in the example: Oraclesid, be sure to match) next
Next
Use a common password, such as: Oracle, Next, until the following:
You need to pay attention to the selection of character sets, for databases that contain Chinese data, you can choose Unicode encoding (if the character set is not selected, it is cumbersome to modify later)
Next, choose to install some sample databases, the next step, you will start to create the database
After the database is created, the corresponding data is created in the/u01/oradata directory, and you can use the command
Ps–ef | grep Oracle
View the Oracle processes that have been started
The Oracle database software and database installation is complete.
Oracle Test
In the next section, you can use Sqlplus to test whether you have successfully installed Oracle, as follows:
$sqlplus/nolog
Sql>conn/as SYSDBA
Sql>create table MyTable (name varchar (ten), age int);
Sql>insert into mytable values (' User1 ', 12);
Sql>select * FROM MyTable;
To close the database:
To view the Oracle process:
Sql>!ps–ef | grep Oracle
Turn off Oracle
Sql>shutdown Immediate
Summarize
The installation process described above is summarized below, Source: Linux Open source commune
1. Check the hardware
Memory
# grep Memtotal/proc/meminfo
Swap space
# grep Swaptotal/proc/meminfo
Disk space
# Df-ah
2. Download software
Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10.2.0.1) software download location:
Http://otn.oracle.com/software/products/database/oracle10g/index.html
3. Modify the Host File
The view/etc/hosts file must contain a fully qualified name for the server
4. Install package Check
1, check whether the following packages are installed, if not installed, you must first install:
Binutils-2.17.50.0.6-2.el5
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61
Elfutils-libelf-0.125-3.el5
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125
Glibc-2.5-12
Glibc-common-2.5-12
Glibc-devel-2.5-12
gcc-4.1.1-52
gcc-c++-4.1.1-52
libaio-0.3.106
libaio-devel-0.3.106
libgcc-4.1.1-52
libstdc++-4.1.1
Libstdc++-devel-4.1.1-52.e15
make-3.81-1.1
sysstat-7.0.0
unixODBC-2.2.11
unixodbc-devel-2.2.11
# Rpm-qa | grep make gcc glibc compat openmotif21 setarch et cetera
5, the LIBSTDC package link
( old version requirements , new version oracle11 do not set ):
Ln-s/usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.3/usr/lib/libstdc++.so.5
# Detection exists If you do not do this link, the installation process to build the database, you will be unable to link to the database problem.
Three. Parameter setting 1, setting core parameters
Add the following line to the/etc/sysctl.conf file:
#kernel. core_uses_pid = 1
Kernel.shmall = 2097152
Kernel.shmmax = 2147483648--(in bytes, number of physical memory *1024*1024*2, twice times of memory)
Kernel.shmmni = 4096
# SEMAPHORES:SEMMSL, Semmns, SEMOPM, Semmni
Kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
Fs.file-max = 65536
Net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default=8388608
net.core.rmem_max=8388608
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=262144
esc:wq!
# sysctl-p #运行下列命令改变核心参数
2, set the shell Limits (System resource limit), improve the efficiency of software operation
A. Add the following red lines to the/etc/security/limits.conf file:
Oracle Soft Nofile 65536
Oracle Hard Nofile 65536
Oracle Soft Nproc 16384
Oracle Hard Nproc 16384
B. Add the following line to the/etc/pam.d/login file if it is not there:
Session required/lib/security/pam_limits.so
Session Required Pam_limits.so
C. Add the following statement after/etc/profile:
Vi/etc/profile
if [$USER = "Oracle"]; Then
if [$SHELL = "/bin/ksh"]; Then
Ulimit-p 16384
Ulimit-n 65536
Else
Ulimit-u 16384-n 65536
Fi
Fi
3. Create users and groups and related directories
--Create a Dba/oper/oinstall group
/usr/sbin/groupadd DBA
/usr/sbin/groupadd Oper
/usr/sbin/groupadd Oinstall
--Create an Oracle user and set the group to which the user belongs
/USR/SBIN/USERMOD-G oinstall-g dba Oracle
/USR/SBIN/USERADD-G oinstall-g dba Oracle
passwd Oracle
# ID Oracle
uid=501 (Oracle) gid=501 (oinstall) groups=501 (Oinstall), 502 (DBA)
--Create a related installation directory
Mkdir-p/opt/oracle/product
Mkdir-p/opt/oracle/product/orahome
Mkdir-p/opt/orainventory # (the default inventory folder)
Mkdir-p/opt/oracle/oradata # (change the right file owner)
Mkdir-p/var/opt/oracle
--Set directory owner and permissions
Chown-r oracle.oinstall/opt/oracle
Chown-r Oracle.oinstall/opt/oracle/oradata
Chown-r Oracle.oinstall/opt/oracle/product/orahome
Chown-r oracle.dba/opt/orainventory
Chown oracle.dba/var/opt/oracle
Chmod-r 775/opt/oracle
Chmod-r 755/var/opt/oracle
4. Set installation Environment variables
# su-oracle--SU to Oracle user,
Change some of the user's configuration
$vi. Bash_profile
Add the following parameters, mainly to configure the Oracle software operation environment parameters
# Get the aliases and functions
If [-f ~/.BASHRC]; Then
. ~/.bashrc
Fi
Export Oracle_base=/opt/oracle
Export Oracle_home= $ORACLE _base/product/orahome
Export ORACLE_SID=ORCL
Export Oracle_owner=oracle
Export oracle_term=vt100
Export path= $PATH: $ORACLE _home/bin: $HOME/bin
Export path= $ORACLE _home/bin: $ORACLE _home/apache/apache/bin: $PATH
Ld_library_path= $ORACLE _home/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
Export Ld_library_path
Classpath= $ORACLE _home/jre: $ORACLE _home/jlib: $ORACLE _home/rdbms/jlib
Classpath= $CLASSPATH: $ORACLE _home/network/jlib
Export CLASSPATH
Note:
11g:ora_nls33= $ORACLE _home/nls/admin/data
10g:ora_nls33= $ORACLE _home/ocommon/nls/admin/data
9i:ora_nls33=/oracle/app/ora92/ocommon/nls/admin/data
Save exit
--Execute the following command to have the configuration take effect immediately or with the Oracle user login to make the settings effective
$ source $HOME/.bash_profile
Oracle 11g Installation