php-cgi process CPU 100% and file

Sometimes, a Linux server running Nginx, php-cgi (PHP-FPM) Web services suddenly has a system load that is viewed with the top command, with a lot of php-cgi process CPU usage approaching 100%. Later, I tracked and found that this kind of situation is closely related to the PHP file_get_contents () function.

In large and medium-sized websites, API interface calls based on HTTP protocol are commonplace. PHP programmers like to use the simple and handy file_get_contents ("http://example.com/") function to get the return content of a URL, but if http://example.com/this site responds slowly, file _get_contents () will always be stuck there, and will not timeout.

We know that in php.ini, there is a parameter max_execution_time can set the maximum execution time for a PHP script, but in php-cgi (PHP-FPM), the parameter does not work. The real ability to control the maximum execution time of a PHP script is the following parameters in the php-fpm.conf configuration file:

The timeout (in seconds) to serving a single request after the which the worker process would be terminated Should be used as ' max_execution_time ' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason ' 0s ' means ' off ' <value name= "Request_terminate_timeout" >0s</value>

The default value is 0 seconds, which means that the PHP script will continue to execute. In this way, when all the php-cgi processes are stuck in the file_get_contents () function, the WebServer of this nginx+php is no longer able to process the new PHP request, and Nginx will return "502 bad Gateway" to the user. Modify this parameter to set a PHP script maximum execution time is necessary, but the symptom does not cure the root causes. For example, to 30s, if file_get_contents () get the content of the Web page is slow, this means that 150 php-cgi process, only 5 requests per second, WebServer is also very difficult to avoid "502 bad Gat eWAY ".

To achieve a thorough solution, PHP programmers can only get rid of the habit of directly using file_get_contents ("http://example.com/"), but modify it slightly, add a time-out, and implement HTTP GET requests in the following ways. If you find yourself in trouble, you can encapsulate the following code as a function.

<?php $ctx = stream_context_create (Array ( ' http ' => array ( ' Timeout ' => 1//Set a timeout in seconds ) ) ); File_get_contents ("http://example.com/", 0, $ctx); ?>

Of course, this is not the only reason that led to the php-cgi process CPU 100%, so how do you determine if the file_get_contents () function caused it?

First, use the top command to view the php-cgi process with a high CPU utilization rate.

Top-10:34:18 up 724 days, 21:01,  3 users,  load average:17.86, 11.16, 7.69 tasks:561 total,  15 Running, 546 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 Zombie Cpu (s):  5.9%us,  4.2%sy,  0.0%ni, 89.4%id,  0.2%wa,  0.0%hi,  0.2%si,  0.0%st mem:   8100996k total,  4320108k used,  3780888k free,   772572k buffers swap:  8193108k total,    50776k used,& nbsp 8142332k free,   412088k Cached PID USER PR NI virt RES SHR S%cpu%mem time+ COMMAND 10747 www 0 360m 22m 12m R 100.6 0.3 0:02.60 php-cgi 10709 www 0 359m 28m 17m R 96.8 0.4 0:11.34 php-cgi 10745 www 0 360m 24m 14m R 94.8 0.3 0:39.51 php-cgi 10707 www 0 360m 25m 14m S 77.4 0.3 0:33.48 php-cgi 10782 www 0 360m 26m 15m R 75.5 0.3 0:10.93 php-cgi 10708 www 0 360m 22m 12m R 69.7 0.3 0:45.16 php-cgi 10683 www 0 362m 28m 15m R 54.2 0.4 0:32.65 php-cgi 10711 www 0 360m 25m 15m R 52.2 0.3 0:44.25 php-cgi 10688 www 0 359m 25m 15m R 38.7 0.3 0:10.44 php-cgi 10719 www 0 360m 26m 16m R 7.7 0.3 0:40.59 php-cgi

Find the PID of one of the CPU 100% php-cgi processes to follow the command:

Strace-p 10747

Select (7, [6], [6], [], {, 0}) = 1 (out [6], left {15, 0}) Poll ([{fd=6, Events=pollin}], 1, 0) = 0 (Timeout) Select (7, [6], [6], [], {, 0}) = 1 (out [6], left {15, 0}) Poll ([{fd=6, Events=pollin}], 1, 0) = 0 (Timeout) Select (7, [6], [6], [], {, 0}) = 1 (out [6], left {15, 0}) Poll ([{fd=6, Events=pollin}], 1, 0) = 0 (Timeout) Select (7, [6], [6], [], {, 0}) = 1 (out [6], left {15, 0}) Poll ([{fd=6, Events=pollin}], 1, 0) = 0 (Timeout) Select (7, [6], [6], [], {, 0}) = 1 (out [6], left {15, 0}) Poll ([{fd=6, Events=pollin}], 1, 0) = 0 (Timeout) Select (7, [6], [6], [], {, 0}) = 1 (out [6], left {15, 0}) Poll ([{fd=6, Events=pollin}], 1, 0) = 0 (Timeout) Select (7, [6], [6], [], {, 0}) = 1 (out [6], left {15, 0}) Poll ([{fd=6, Events=pollin}], 1, 0) = 0 (Timeout) Select (7, [6], [6], [], {, 0}) = 1 (out [6], left {15, 0}) Poll ([{fd=6, Events=pollin}], 1, 0) = 0 (Timeout) Select (7, [6], [6], [], {, 0}) = 1 (out [6], left {15, 0}) Poll ([{fd=6, Events=pollin}], 1, 0) = 0 (Timeout) Select (7, [6], [6], [], {, 0}) = 1 (out [6], left {15, 0}) Poll ([{fd=6, Events=pollin}], 1, 0) = 0 (Timeout)

Then, it is possible to determine the problem caused by file_get_contents ().