Php curl study note Abstract

 

Curl can quickly capture webpages, simulate POST and GET requests. Of course, it is not only encapsulation of HTTP protocol, but also supports FTP, proxy, HTTPS, LDAP and other applications.

Curl is not exclusive to PHP. It is available in many languages. If something is easy to use, it will naturally be promoted. Just like log4j many years ago, it was a JAVA version at the beginning, subsequently, log4c and log4c ++ zookeeper curl are also the same. Curl is not supported by PHP by default. You need to enable this option in the configuration to LOAD extension = php_curl.dll. in linux, remember to add the parameter-with-curl when compiling PHP./configure. To check whether the curl extension is enabled, you can see it through phpinfo.

 

1) basic usage (general call sequence)

 

 

Curl_init: initialization,

Curl_setopt: Set Parameter options

 

Curl_exec: Execute the current curl object

 

Curl_close: Close the current curl object

 

Example: visit the PHP web page saved in the following code. We can see the web page of mailbox 126.

 

 

$ Curl = curl_init ();

 

// Set the URL you want to capture

Curl_setopt ($ curl, CURLOPT_URL, 'HTTP: // 126.com ');

 

// Set whether the header information is displayed.

// Curl_setopt ($ curl, CURLOPT_HEADER, 1 );

 

// Set the cURL parameter to save the result to the string or output to the screen.

// Curl_setopt ($ curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1 );

 

// Run cURL to request the webpage

$ Data = curl_exec ($ curl );

 

// Close the URL request

Curl_close ($ curl );

 

// Display the obtained data

Var_dump ($ data );

2) send data in POST Mode

<? Php

$ PhoneNumber = '000000 ';

$ Message = 'this message was generated by curl and php ';

$ CurlPost = 'pnumber = '. urlencode ($ phoneNumber).' & MESSAGE = '. urlencode ($ message).' & SUBMIT = send ';

$ Ch = curl_init ();

Curl_setopt ($ ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'HTTP: // www.example.com/sendSMS.php ');

Curl_setopt ($ ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 1 );

Curl_setopt ($ ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1 );

Curl_setopt ($ ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1 );

Curl_setopt ($ ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $ curlPost );

$ Data = curl_exec ();

Curl_close ($ ch );

? >

3) Proxy Server

<? Php

$ Ch = curl_init ();

Curl_setopt ($ ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'HTTP: // www.example.com ');

Curl_setopt ($ ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 1 );

Curl_setopt ($ ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1 );

Curl_setopt ($ ch, CURLOPT_HTTPPROXYTUNNEL, 1 );

Curl_setopt ($ ch, CURLOPT_PROXY, 'fakeproxy. com: 1080 ');

Curl_setopt ($ ch, CURLOPT_PROXYUSERPWD, 'user: password ');

$ Data = curl_exec ();

Curl_close ($ ch );

? >

4) about SSL and Cookie

 

For SSL, that is, the HTTPS protocol, you only need to change the http: // In the CURLOPT_URL connection to https. Of course, the parameter CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST can be set as a verification site.

 

For Cookie, you need to understand the following three parameters:

 

CURLOPT_COOKIE: Set a cookie in the face-to-face session.

 

CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR saves a Cookie when the session ends.

 

CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE: the Cookie file.

 

5) HTTP Server Authentication

<? Php

$ Ch = curl_init ();

Curl_setopt ($ ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'HTTP: // www.example.com ');

Curl_setopt ($ ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1 );

Curl_setopt ($ ch, CURLOPT_HTTPAUTH, CURLAUTH_BASIC );

Curl_setopt (CURLOPT_USERPWD, '[username]: [password]')

 

$ Data = curl_exec ();

Curl_close ($ ch );

? >

Conclusion: Although there are several examples added later, the order is the same as the first one, but the curl_setopt function will be different based on different situations. We also found that this function has many parameters and is very flexible.

 

 

The following parameters are used for this function:

 

Bool curl_setopt (int ch, string option, mixed value)

 

The curl_setopt () function sets options for a CURL session. The option parameter is the setting you want, and the value is the value given by this option.

 

The values of the following options will be used as long integer (specified in the option parameter ):

　

 

* CURLOPT_INFILESIZE: When you upload a file to a remote site, this option tells PHP the size of the file to be uploaded.

* CURLOPT_VERBOSE: If you want CURL to report every unexpected event, set this option to a non-zero value.

* CURLOPT_HEADER: If you want to include a header in the output, set this option to a non-zero value.

* CURLOPT_NOPROGRESS: if you do not display a process entry for CURL transmission in PHP, set this option to a non-zero value. Note: PHP automatically sets this option to a non-zero value. You should change this option only for debugging purposes.

* CURLOPT_NOBODY: if you do not want to include the body in the output, set this option to a non-zero value.

* CURLOPT_FAILONERROR: If you want PHP not to be displayed when an error occurs (HTTP code returns a value greater than or equal to 300), set this option to a non-zero value. By default, a normal page is returned, ignoring the code.

* CURLOPT_UPLOAD: If you want PHP to prepare for upload, set this option to a non-zero value.

* CURLOPT_POST: If you want PHP to create a regular http post, set this option to a non-zero value. This POST is a common application/x-www-from-urlencoded type, most of which are used by HTML forms.

* CURLOPT_FTPLISTONLY: set this option to a non-zero value. PHP will list the FTP directory names.

* CURLOPT_FTPAPPEND: set this option to a non-zero value. PHP overwrites the Remote Application file.

* CURLOPT_NETRC: set this option to a non-zero value. PHP will be in your ~. In the/netrc file, find the username and password of the remote site you want to establish a connection.

* CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION: set this option to a non-zero value (like "Location:") header. The server will send it as part of the HTTP header (note that this is recursive, PHP will send the header like "Location ).

* CURLOPT_PUT: sets this option to upload a file over HTTP as a non-zero value. To upload this file, you must set the CURLOPT_INFILE and CURLOPT_INFILESIZE options.

* CURLOPT_MUTE: set this option to a non-zero value. PHP will be completely silenced for the CURL function.

* CURLOPT_TIMEOUT: specifies the maximum number of seconds for a long integer.

* CURLOPT_LOW_SPEED_LIMIT: sets the number of long integers to control the number of bytes transmitted.

* CURLOPT_LOW_SPEED_TIME: sets the number of long integers and controls the number of seconds to transmit the number of bytes specified by CURLOPT_LOW_SPEED_LIMIT.

* CURLOPT_RESUME_FROM: transmits a long integer parameter containing the byte offset address (the start form you want to transfer ).

* CURLOPT_SSLVERSION: transmits a long parameter containing the SSL version. By default, PHP will be determined by its own efforts. You must set it manually in more security scenarios.

* CURLOPT_TIMECONDITION: transmits a long parameter to specify how to process the CURLOPT_TIMEVALUE parameter. You can set this parameter to TIMECOND_IFMODSINCE or TIMECOND_ISUNMODSINCE. This is only used for HTTP.

* CURLOPT_TIMEVALUE: the number of seconds from January 1, to the present. This time will be used by the CURLOPT_TIMEVALUE option as the specified value, or by the default TIMECOND_IFMODSINCE.

 

The values of the following options will be used as strings:

Www.2cto.com

 

* CURLOPT_URL: the URL you want to retrieve with PHP. You can also set this option when initializing with the curl_init () function.

* CURLOPT_USERPWD: transmits a string in the format of [username]: [password] to connect to PHP.

* CURLOPT_PROXYUSERPWD: transmits a string in the format of [username]: [password] to connect to the HTTP proxy.

* CURLOPT_RANGE: transmits a range you want to specify. It should be in the "X-Y" format, X or Y is excluded. HTTP shipping also supports several intervals separated by sentences (X-Y, N-M ).

* CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS: transmits a string of all data for the HTTP "POST" operation.

* CURLOPT_REFERER: a string containing the "referer" header in an HTTP request.

* CURLOPT_USERAGENT: a string containing the "user-agent" header in an HTTP request.

* CURLOPT_FTPPORT: transmits an IP address that contains the IP address used by the ftp "POST" command. This POST Command tells the remote server to connect to the specified IP address. This string can be an IP address, a host name, a network interface Name (under UNIX), or '-' (using the default IP address of the system ).

* CURLOPT_COOKIE: transmits a header connection containing the HTTP cookie.

* CURLOPT_SSLCERT: transmits a string containing the PEM format certificate.

* CURLOPT_SSLCERTPASSWD: pass a password that includes the password required to use the CURLOPT_SSLCERT certificate.

* CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE: a string that transmits the name of a file containing cookie data. This cookie file can be in the Netscape format or heap containing the HTTP header in the file.

* CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST: When an HTTP request is sent, a character is used by GET or HEAD. It is helpful to perform DELETE or other operations. Pass a string to be used instead of GET or HEAD when doing an HTTP request. this is useful for doing or another, more obscure, HTTP request. note: Do not do this before confirming that your server supports commands. The following options require a file description (obtained by using the fopen () function ):

* CURLOPT_FILE: This file will be the output file you placed for transfer. The default value is STDOUT.

* CURLOPT_INFILE: this file is the input file you sent.

* CURLOPT_WRITEHEADER: This file contains the header of your output.

* CURLOPT_STDERR: this file is written incorrectly, not stderr. This example is used to obtain the page to be logged on. The current practice is to log on every time or every time, and the users who need it have made improvements.

 

Common functions:

 

 

Curl_close-close a curl session

Curl_copy_handle-copy all content and parameters of a curl connection Resource

Curl_errno-A number containing the current session error message is returned.

Curl_error-returns a string containing the current session error message.

Curl_exec-execute a curl session

Curl_getinfo-obtains the information of a curl connection resource handle.

Curl_init-initialize a curl session

Curl_multi_add_handle-Add a separate curl handle resource to the curl batch processing session

Curl_multi_close-close a batch processing handle Resource

Curl_multi_exec-parse a curl batch handle

Curl_multi_getcontent-return the obtained output text stream

Curl_multi_info_read-obtains the transmission information of the currently resolved curl.

Curl_multi_init-initialize a curl batch processing handle Resource

Curl_multi_remove_handle-remove a handle resource from the curl batch processing handle.

Curl_multi_select-Get all the sockets associated with the cURL extension, which can then be "selected"

Curl_setopt_array-set session parameters for a curl in the form of an array

Curl_setopt-set session parameters for a curl

Curl_version-obtain curl-related version information

 

 

 

Author-274 °C