From 2G to 5G, base station antennas past and future

In the cellular mobile communication system, the antenna is the converter of the circuit signal and the space radiation electromagnetic wave, and is the key component of the mobile communication system.

From 2G to 4G, the mobile base station antenna has undergone omnidirectional antenna, directional single-polarized antenna, directional dual-polarized antenna, electrically modulated single-polarized antenna, electrically modulated dual-polarized antenna, dual-frequency electrically modulated dual polarization to multi-frequency dual-polarized antenna, and MIMO antennas, active antennas and other processes.

With the advent of the 4G and 5G era, the BBU and rrh separation, the introduction of massive MIMO technology, in general, the development of the base station antenna has emerged three trends:

1) Development of passive antennas to active antennas

2) Fiber Replacement Feeder

3) Rrh and antenna part integration

From another perspective, array antennas, multi-band antennas, multi-beam antennas constitute the "magic triangle" of the development of the base station antenna.

Massive MIMO

The base station is equipped with large-scale antenna array, and the spatial freedom and effective multipath components formed by multiple antennas are used to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency of the system.

Multi-beam Antennas

The multi-beam antenna uses multi-beam to split the sector, thereby increasing the capacity.

2G to 4G Base station antenna development

2G/3G era, the antenna is more than 2 ports.

▲GSM antenna

▲CDMA antenna

▲LTE-FDD Independent 2-Port antenna (2T2R)

In the 4G era, with the use of MIMO technology, multi-band antennas, we can see that the antenna on the tower is like a beard grow.

▲LTE-FDD Independent 4-Port antenna (2T4R)

▲CDMA (1T2R)/LTE-FDD (2t4r) 6-Port dual-band antenna

▲LTE-TDD 8t8r 8-Port antenna

Coupled with the Rru on the tower, the scene on the tower is quite spectacular ...

What is the future base station antenna likely to look like?

This is the Td-lte 3.5G Base station antenna in the Japanese street ...

Massive MIMO Antennas

ZTE Massive MIMO antenna

Ericsson 15GHz Antenna Equipment

NEC supports 28GHz active antenna systems

With the evolution of C-ran network structure, RRU will appear a variety of hidden antennas.

In addition, with the advent of car networking and Industry 4.0, a variety of car antennas and near-field antennas rise ...

From 2G to 5G, base station antennas past and future