General steps for compiling source code and installing software

The difference between installing software using package management and compiling source code is that most of the software provided by package management (taking RPM as an example) only retains some common functions, if we need to use other features of the software without the RPM package, we need to compile the source code. Software installed by compiling source code can freely choose to install those functions, while RPM is fixed. The source code installation and selection function is flexible, and the RPM package is easy to install. In most cases, software is released in source code mode faster than RPM packages.

Source code acquisition method,

Compiling source code to install software depends on the development environment. Compiling C Programs requires the GCC compiler. Compiling C ++ requires the GCC-C ++ compiler. If not, you need to install it. Use Yum or rpm for installation.

Make tool, in order to maintain the source code conveniently, a software with a little more code may be divided into multiple files, and there is a dependency between them during compilation, and there must be a sequence of order during compilation. Program developers will use the project management tool (make) to provide a configuration file for make. This configuration file describes how make calls GCC and the sequence of compilation of these files.

Configure script file. In this article, the script will check the compiling environment and manually set the features of the software to be started and installed in that directory.

The options supported by configure are slightly different for each software. Commonly used

-- Help for help

-- Prefix =/path specifies the software installation path.

-- Sysconfdir =/path specifies the directory where the configuration file for software installation is located

-- Enable-feature names enable a feature or option. Enabling a feature may depend on an additional development environment.

-- Disable-feature name disables a feature

-- With-function or -- with =/lib/filename specifies the dependent function or file in a specific path.

-- Without-Function

The sequence of compiling and installing source code,

Decompress the downloaded software package --> Cd to the decompressed directory -->./configure to set the compilation options --> make (compile the program) --> make install (put the edited program in the specified directory)

Example: Compile and install nginx Software

#./Configure -- prefix =/usr/nginx -- conf-Path =/etc/nginx. conf

Error

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./Configure -- prefix =/usr/nginx -- conf-Path =/etc/nginx. conf -- without-http_rewrite_module

Confirm no error

# Make

Confirm no error

# Make install

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View the configuration file directory

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View nginx installation directory

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Start the nginx Service

#/Usr/nginx/sbin/nginx &

# SS-tnlp

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To make nginx like a program installed by rpm, do the following:

Define the PATH environment variable and create an nginx. Sh file in/etc/profile. d. The content is export Path = $ path:/usr/nginx/sbin.

Add man manual to the/etc/man. conf file

Man/manual location

If other programs depend on the development environment of the program, you need to export the library and header file of the program.

Edit/etc/lD. So. conf. d/nginx. conf and add the path of the library file to the file. Then execute ldconfig to trigger the location where the new library file is located. The exported header file can only create links and link the directory of the library where the software is located to/usr/include.

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General steps for compiling source code and installing software