Getting started with Linux: disk partitioning (theoretical)

I. Introduction to disk partitioning theory a single sector of a disk contains 512 Bytes. the first sector stores MBR and partition table. The Boot Loader is the program that loads the kernel, for example, grub is the most commonly used Boot loader; MBR: Master Boot Recorder, 446 Bytes, where the Boot loader is stored, of course, not only MBR is stored, there is also a boot sector for each partition );
Note: A computer has only one MBR, and even two disks have only one MBR; Partition table: 64 Bytes, where the Partition status is stored, A maximum of four primary or extended partition records can be stored. The extended partition logical partition Partition Table is located in one slice of the extended partition. The smallest unit of the partition is the cylindrical; relationships between primary partitions, extended partitions, and logical partitions:
Extended partitions cannot be formatted directly. The primary partitions and logical partitions can be formatted. # primary partitions + # extended partitions <= 4; # the maximum number of extended partitions is one. The number of logical partitions: if it is an IDE interface, a maximum of 59 logical partitions can be created. If it is a SATA interface, a maximum of 11 logical partitions can be created. In fact, the partition concept in the disk is embodied in the partition table, in the partition table, set (1) the start and end columns of the primary partition; (2) the name of the file system, as shown in. Therefore, if you want to install a dual system, you must leave a disk (disk D, disk E, etc.) in windows for Linux installation, so that Linux can continue partitioning the disk; Tips: 1. introduction to the file system (1) ext2: the early Linux file system was replaced by ext3; (2) ext3: the popular Linux File System, on the basis of ext2, the Journal File System (Log File System) can be added to quickly restore the System; (3) vfat: windows and Linux compatible File System; (4) Software Raid: simulate RAID Behavior File System; 2. swap introduces that swap is a region in the disk. This region is used: When the memory is insufficient, the data that is not commonly used in the memory is stored in the swap region, so the memory is not large enough, you can use the swap region. Therefore, the swap does not need a mount point. It is generally 1.5 times the memory ~ 2x;