Glossary for Software Programming

Glossary for Software Programming

Term Explanation Submitted Updated Version What is UTF? UTF, short for Unicode text format, stands for the Unicode text format. UTF is defined as follows: (1) If the first nine digits of the Unicode 16-bit character are 0, a byte is used to indicate that the first byte is "0 ", the remaining 7 digits are the same as the last 7 digits of the original character, for example, "/u0034" (0000 0000 0011 0100), expressed as "34" (0011 0100; (Same as the source UNICODE character ); (2) If the first five digits of the Unicode 16-bit character are 0, they are expressed in two bytes. The first byte starts with 110, the top five digits after the first five zeros are the same as the top five digits after the source character. The second byte starts with "10, the next six digits are the same as the lower six digits in the source character. For example, "/u025d" (0000 0010 0101 1101) is converted to "c99d" (1100 1001 1001 1101 ); (3) If the two rules are not met, they are represented in three bytes. The first byte starts with "1110", and the last four digits are the four-byte height of the source character. The second byte starts with "10", and the last six digits are the six digits in the middle of the source character; the third byte starts with "10" and the last six digits are the lower six digits of the source character. For example, "/u9da7" (1001 1101 1010 0111 ), convert to "e9b6a7" (1110 1001 1011 0110 1010 ); This can describe the relationship between Unicode and UTF in Java programs. Although it is not absolute: When a string is running in memory, it is represented as Unicode code. When it is saved to a file or other media, UTF is used. This conversion process is completed by writeutf and readutf. Yanglx Yanglx 1 Struts OK .... Yongbing Thuang 3 SQL profiler Good indepth concepts .... Wwty Thuang 2 Scea Scea is a poupar name in Sun's world = Sun Certified Enterprise effecect... One of the key certification exams provided from sun Thuang Thuang 1 Ajax Ajax ...... a recently hot name at Web2.0 development .... = Asynchronous JavaScript and XML Require a solid knowledge on client-side's JavaScript Besides traditional server-side technology... Thuang Thuang 1 ERD Good... It's worth learning. Thuang Ben_mo5 2 Hibernate Synchronizer It is one of the best tools to generate HBM files from DDL. It is a good auxiliary development tool for Hibernate and an Eclipse plug-in. You can generate HBM files based on table definitions and foreign key associations from the existing database schema, and generate files based on the volocity template. There are many advantages. Wwty Wwty 1 Hibernate Console The Hibernate console is a graphical hql query tool. You can directly execute SQL queries without writing programs. It has an intuitive object graph observer. The new version is incorporated into the hibernate tools Eclipse plug-in. Wwty Wwty 1 P6spy P6spy is a dynamic monitoring framework for database access operations (for open-source projects, the project homepage: www.p6spy.com). It enables seamless database data interception and manipulation, instead of making any changes to the Code of the existing application. The p6spy distribution package includes the p6log, which is an application that records all JDBC transactions of any Java application. When the configuration is complete for use, you can monitor the data access performance Wwty Wwty 1 Crud Crud is a abbreviation in database technology. It represents the CREATE, read, update, and delete operations. Crud defines the basic atomic operations used to process data .. The reason why crud is elevated to a technical difficulty is that it completes a summary-related activity involving crud operations in multiple database systems, its performance may vary greatly with the changes in data relationships. Wwty Wwty 1 Middlegen Middlegen is a free database-driven code generation engine. It is based on JDBC, velocity, Ant and XDoclet. if you already have a database, you can use middlegen and EJB (CMP 2.0)/JDO/hibernate/torque to generate a persistent layer. it can also be combined with JSP/struts to generate a database GUI ). Wwty Wwty 1 Daemon thread A daemon is a special type of thread. It belongs to the thread that creates it. The difference between a daemon thread and a common thread is that it is not the core part of an application, when all the non-daemon threads of an application terminate, the application will terminate even if there are still daemon threads running. Otherwise, as long as there is a non-daemon thread running, the application will not be terminated. Daemon threads are generally used to provide services for other threads in the background. Zhengsheng Zhengsheng 1 Architecture The architecture includes a set of components and links between components. There are nine types of Architecture styles: 1. data Stream system, including sequential batch processing, pipelines and filters; 2. call-return system, including main program and subroutine, object-oriented system, and hierarchy; 3. independent components, including communication process and event implicit call; 4. virtual machines, including interpreters and rule-based systems; 5. data-centric systems (databases), including databases, Hyper Text systems, and blackboard systems; 6. special domain style, such as process control and simulator; 7. special Structure Style, such as distributed processing and status transfer system; 8. heterogeneous structures created by synthesis of different styles; 9. the most initial and basic main program/subroutine. Jiqimiao1982 Jiqimiao1982 1 Ant Ant is a Java build tool. The full name is another nest tool. Currently, only open-source software that can be found provides ant build. xml scripts for building. Many tools, such as XDoclet, findbugs, and checkstyle, provide tasks bound to ant, and XDoclet is even fully dependent on Ant. Ant is now a standard build script in the Java field. Yongbing Xyz20003 2 JDBC Concept Jdbctm is a javatm API used to execute SQL statements (interestingly, JDBC itself is a trademark name rather than an abbreviation; however, JDBC is often considered to be "Java database connectivity )"). It consists of a group of classes and interfaces written in Java programming language. JDBC provides a standard API for tools/database developers to write database applications using pure Java APIs. With JDBC, it is easy to send SQL statements to various relational databases. In other words, with the jdbc api, you do not have to write a program for accessing the Sybase Database, write another program for accessing the Oracle database, and write another program for accessing the Informix database. You only need to use the jdbc api to write a program. It can send SQL statements to the corresponding database. Moreover, applications written in the Java programming language do not have to worry about writing different applications for different platforms. The combination of Java and JDBC enables programmers to run programs on any platform only once. Java is a powerful, secure, easy to use, easy to understand, and can be automatically downloaded from the network. It is an outstanding language for writing database applications. All you need is the method of dialog between Java applications and different databases. JDBC serves as a mechanism for this purpose. JDBC extends Java functions. For example, you can use Java and JDBC APIs to publish a webpage containing an applet, and the information used by the applet may come from a remote database. Enterprises can also use JDBC to connect all employees to one or more internal databases over the Intranet (even if these employees use different operating systems such as Windows, Macintosh, and UNIX ). As more and more programmers begin to use the Java programming language, the requirements for convenient access to the database from Java are also increasing. MIS administrators like the combination of Java and JDBC because it makes information dissemination easy and economical. Enterprises can continue to use their installed databases and easily access information, even if the information is stored on different database management systems. The development period of new programs is very short. Installation and version control will be greatly simplified. A programmer can write an application only once or update it only once, and then put it on the server. then anyone can get the latest version of the application. For commercial sales information services, Java and JDBC can provide external customers with a better way to obtain information updates. Yanglx Yanglx 1 Jtest Jtest is a good Java code check tool. During software development, jtest often works with JUnit, cactus, and so on to complete code check and testing for the entire software development. Another major advantage of jtest is that you can set code rules, check the code that has been developed, and generate a report that is correct or created. Yongbing Yongbing 1 CVS CVS is the abbreviation of Concurrent Version System (parallel version system) for version management. The role in multi-person team development is more obvious. The basic working principle of CVS is as follows: Create a warehouse on a server and Store source programs of many different projects. The repository administrator manages these source programs in a unified manner. In this way, only one person is modifying the file. Conflicts are avoided. Before using the repository, each user must first download the project files in the repository to the local device. Any modifications made by the user are first made locally and then submitted using the CVS command, which is uniformly modified by the CVS Repository administrator. In this way, file changes and conflict control can be tracked. Yongbing Yongbing 1 WebLogic BEA WebLogic is used for the development, integration, deployment and management of large-scale distributed Web applications, network applications and databases. Java application server. Introduce Java's dynamic functions and Java Enterprise Standard Security into large-scale network applications Development, integration, deployment, and management. BEA WebLogic Server has the performance, scalability, and high availability required to handle critical web application system problems. BEA WebLogic Server can be used with Bea Weblogic commerce servertm to adapt to personalized deployment. The e-commerce application system provides complete solutions. Yongbing Yongbing 1 Eclipse Eclipse is an open-source, scalable integrated development environment that has attracted a lot of attention from the industry recently. There is a steady stream of eclipse supporters. When other IDES (such as JBuilder) have certain features but eclipse does not, these supporters will feel frustrated and want to develop these features. Most (but not all) of the work of developing software is coding. No matter how many features an IDE provides, if it only provides basic functions, it will not bring too much help to programmers. This is why many programmers have long preferred to use a simple text editor instead of IDE. Interestingly, many early eclipse users migrated from text editors, rather than from other ides. Of course, this explains why they don't mind the lack of functionality. For many people, this is their first IDE, which does not simplify their development tasks. OTI, a subsidiary of IBM, is a very good object-oriented technology company that has spent tens of millions of dollars developing eclipse and then donated it to the open-source community. The more interesting question is whether eclipse is as good as other spent IDE. The answer is very definite. First, it depends on what you want to use it. If you only need to perform basic development, there is no need to continue reading. For coding, debugging, reconstruction, unit testing, and so on, eclipse can rival any IDE, or even better than them. Similar to the free JBuilder x Foundation version, eclipse also provides code complementing, code template functions, and support for refactoring, ant, CVS, and JUnit. In fact, you may find that eclipse provides better support for many features than JBuilder. For example, eclipse has more refactoring functions to better support merging local code with the CVS server. Yongbing Yongbing 1 Spring Spring is a lightweight container (light-weight container). Its core is Bean factory, which is used to construct the M (model) we need ). On this basis, Spring provides the implementation of AOP (Aspect-Oriented Programming, hierarchical programming) and uses it to provide services such as transactions and security in non-management environments; extended applicationcontext of Bean factory makes it easier for us to implement J2EE applications; Dao/ORM makes it easier for us to develop databases; web MVC and spring web provide Java Web application frameworks or integrate with other popular web frameworks. Yongbing Yongbing 1 JBoss JBoss Server is an excellent J2EE server. It is similar to BEA's WebLogic and IBM WebSphere. JBoss has a good cost effectiveness. JBoss is a free software with fully open source code and has good running efficiency and reliability. Therefore, JBoss has been favored by more and more J2EE application developers. Yongbing Yongbing 1 Tomcat Tomcat is a free and open-source Serlvet container. It is a core project of the Jakarta project of the Apache Foundation, developed by Apache, sun, and other companies and individuals. With Sun's participation and support, the latest Servlet and JSP specifications can always be reflected in Tomcat. Yongbing Yongbing 1 Business Intelligence Business Intelligence: Business Intelligence Abbreviation: Bi Lymhit Lymhit 2 Ognl Ognl is short for Object-graph Navigation language. It is a description language used to read and set Java object attributes. Webognl is a web presentation layer framework that constructs servlet-based componentized applications. Its template language is based on ognl expressions and has unmatched adaptability of other web layer frameworks. Ognl allows us to access the Object layer with a very simple expression. For example, if the root object of the current environment is user1, the expression person. Address [0]. Province You can access the province attribute of the first address in the person attribute of user1. This function is an important supplement to the template language, such as jsp2.0, velocity, jelly, and so on. However, ognl is much better than them and appears as an independent Lib, it is convenient for us to build our own framework. In webwork2, ognl is used to replace the original El for interface data binding. The so-called interface data binding means to bind interface elements (such as a textfield or hidden) it is bound to an attribute of a class in the Object layer, and the modification and display are automatically synchronized. Compared with the formbean of struts, this method has obvious advantages: you do not need to write formbean for each page in webwork, And you can directly use the object at the Object layer. For example, in the object design, our user and person are separated, while a registered user interface needs to fill in the content of the two. In webwork, we can maintain the background object structure, use user as the interface element that belongs to the user attribute. person. XXX: bind the interface elements that belong to the account attributes with the user. xxx binding. Tanlan Tanlan 1 GPL Copyleft Leoodemon Lanling 2 Database Connection Pool Database connection is a key, limited, and expensive resource, which is particularly prominent in the Web applications of multiple users. Database connection management can significantly affect the scalability and robustness of the entire application, and affect the performance indicators of the program. The database connection pool is designed to address this issue. The database connection pool is responsible for allocating, managing, and releasing database connections. It allows applications to repeat an existing database connection instead of reestablishing one; release the database connection with idle time exceeding the maximum idle time to avoid database connection omissions caused by the absence of the database connection. This technology can significantly improve the performance of database operations. During database connection pool initialization, a certain number of database connections are created in the connection pool. The number of connections to these databases is set by the minimum number of database connections. Whether or not these database connections are used, the connection pool will always have at least so many connections. The maximum number of database connections in the connection pool limits the maximum number of connections that the connection pool can occupy. When the number of connections requested by the application to the connection pool exceeds the maximum number of connections, these requests will be added to the waiting queue. The following factors must be taken into account when setting the minimum number of connections and maximum number of connections in the database connection pool: 1) The minimum number of connections is the database connection that has been maintained by the connection pool. Therefore, if the application uses a small amount of database connections, a large amount of database connection resources will be wasted; 2) the maximum number of connections is the maximum number of connections that can be applied by the connection pool. If the number of database connection requests exceeds this limit, the subsequent database connection requests will be added to the waiting queue, which will affect subsequent database operations. 3) if the difference between the minimum number of connections and the maximum number of connections is too large, the first connection request will be profitable. A connection request that exceeds the minimum number of connections is equivalent to creating a new database connection. However, these database connections greater than the minimum number of connections will not be released immediately after use. They will be placed in the connection pool for reuse or released after idle timeout. Jiqimiao1982 Jiqimiao1982 1 Relaxbsd Relaxbsd may be a stranger to most people in the Java World. It belongs to FreeBSD cultural projects. Its version 2.0 is now released, and its core is based on FreeBSD 6.1-release. The relaxbsd software is compiled by FreeBSD ports and has a small amount of modifications. The whole system has the following parameter: cputype? = Pentium3 cflags =-O2-pipe for compilation. Upgrade FreeBSD to the latest version (FreeBSD 6.1-release and later ). Supports English, simplified Chinese, and traditional Chinese. It is specially designed for desktop systems. Http://www.relaxbsd.org Ja1n Ja1n 1 Human-Computer Interaction Human-Computer Interaction techniques is a technology that enables effective human-computer interaction through computer input and output devices. It includes a large amount of related information and prompt requests provided by machines by means of output or display devices, and input related information and prompt for request from machines by means of input devices, A person enters related information and answers questions to the machine by entering the device. Human-Computer Interaction is one of the most important aspects in computer user interface design. It is closely related to cognitive, ergonomics, psychology, and other fields. Jiqimiao1982 Jiqimiao1982 1 Requirement The requirement is defined as "conditions or features that must be met by the system ". Various types of requirements. A classification method is called furps + model [gra92]. It uses the acronym furps to describe the main requirement categories with the following sub-categories. Functionality, Availability, Reliability, Performance and Supportability "+" In furps + reminds you to include the following requirements: Design constraints, Implementation requirements, Interface requirements and Physical requirements. Jiqimiao1982 Jiqimiao1982 1 Case Model The Use Case model is a model of the system's established functions and system environment. It can be used as a contract between customers and developers. Use Cases are the main line throughout system development. The same case model is the result of a requirement workflow, which can be used as an input for analyzing and designing workflows and testing workflows. There are many methods for system modeling, each of which can meet different purposes. However, the most important role of the case model is to convey the system behavior to the customer or end user. Therefore, the model must be easy to understand. Users who may interact with the system and any other systems are the protagonists. As the main character represents system users, they help to define the system and provide a very clear description of the purpose of the system. Write use cases based on the requirements of the main character. This ensures that the system becomes the desired system. Jiqimiao1982 Jiqimiao1982 1 Use Cases Use case is a very important concept in UML. During the whole software development process using UML, use case is in a central position.   So what is use case? In the UML document, use case is defined to define and describe a coherent functional unit of a system or subsystem without displaying the internal structure of a system or subsystem. It's a bit difficult, right? In fact, use case is just a description of system functions, but a use case describes a part of the entire system function. This part must be a logically complete functional process. (Huh? Use case is nothing special! How can this stuff be at the center of development ?) During the development process using UML, the use case is required. The interface is designed with the help of use case. Many classes are found based on use case, test instances are generated based on use case, including the entire development management and task allocation. They are also organized based on use case. Ah, use case, it's so important! Well, use case is blowing here. The specific use should also be realized in practice, "the best of luck, the best of mind! For each actor, a certain function of the system is used. Therefore, we need to identify and analyze the use case for each actor one by one. For todo users, we can easily identify two use cases: Add task and remove task. Todo user takes the initiative to use the system functions described in these two use cases, so in our use case diagram, the relationship between the todo user and the two use cases is represented by an arrow from the todo user. For filesystem, we can identify the same two use cases. However, this arrow points from use case to filesystem, indicating that filesystem is passive. Use case can be described in many ways. We can use natural languages (English, Chinese, as you like) and formal languages (Wow! So cool !), You can also use various icons. In UML, two types of diagrams are usually used to describe use cases. They are sequence digrams and collaboration digrams) Use Case consists of the following elements: Name Simple Description Event stream Link Activity diagram and status diagram Use case diagram Special requirements Prerequisites Post Condition Jiqimiao1982 Jiqimiao1982 1 Design Mode Design pattern is a set of summary of code design experiences that are repeatedly used, known to most people, classified and catalogued. The design pattern is used to make code reusable, make it easier for others to understand, and ensure code reliability. There is no doubt that the design model is a win-win solution for others and the system. The design model enables code compilation to be truly engineered. The design model is the foundation of software engineering, just like the building blocks. Gof's "Design Pattern" is the first time that it has elevated the design pattern to a theoretical level and standardized it. This book has proposed 23 basic design patterns. Since then, during the development of reusable object-oriented software, a large number of new design patterns are emerging. Jiqimiao1982 Jiqimiao1982 1 Configuration Management Configuration management (CM) is a series of measures that control and standardize software products, their development processes and lifecycles through technical or administrative means. The purpose of configuration management is to record the evolution of software products and ensure that software developers can obtain accurate product configurations at all stages of the software lifecycle. The configuration management process is the management process for software products in the process of continuous evolution and improvement. The ultimate goal is to achieve the integrity, consistency, and controllability of software products, so that the products are greatly consistent with user requirements. It manages software products by controlling, recording, tracing software modifications, and generating software components for each change. As early as 1970s, Professor Leon presser from the University of California wrote a paper proposing the concept of controlling changes and configurations. Later in 1975, he established a company named softtool, I developed my own configuration management tool CCC, which is also one of the earliest configuration management tools. As the scale of software development increases, more and more companies and teams have realized the importance of Software Configuration Management, and the corresponding software configuration management tools have sprung up, representative examples include Marc rochkind's SCCs (source code control system) and Walter Tichy's RVs (Revision Control System ), these two tools have made significant contributions to the development of configuration management tools in the future. Currently, the vast majority of widely used configuration management tools are basically based on their design ideas and architecture. Jiqimiao1982 Jiqimiao1982 1 Embedded System Embedded Systems (ES) are computer technology, communication technology, semiconductor technology, microelectronics technology, voice image data transmission technology, even sensor and other advanced technologies combined with specific application objects after the upgrade product. Therefore, it is often a knowledge-intensive system with intensive technologies, high investment intensity, high dispersion, and continuous innovation. Reflects the advanced level of the latest contemporary technology. Embedded systems are not only different from application systems on general PCs, but are also very different from embedded systems designed for different specific applications. Embedded systems generally have a single function and are simple, and do not have high compatibility requirements. However, they are limited in terms of size and cost. Embedded Computers are basically not embedded systems. It is still a computer, but the working conditions are different, because it retains the basics of the computer. An embedded system refers to the integration of operating systems and functional software into computer hardware systems. Simply put, the application software of the system is integrated with the hardware of the system, similar to the operating method of BIOS. It features low software code, high automation, and fast response. It is particularly suitable for systems that require real-time and multi-task processing. Jiqimiao1982 Jiqimiao1982 1 Remote Data Services (RDS) Remote Data Services (RDS) is a series of services that allow us to process client data. Now you don't have to worry about this, because RDS itself is part of ADO and will only be used when client data needs to be transmitted and used. Remote Data Service RDS allows programmers to develop a Native Windows distributed multi-tier application system, or develop a web application system with a browser as a graphical user interface. The Remote Data Service RDS provides the client application's ability to use the recordset object in ADO in the Internet/Intranet or distributed environment. You can obtain the recordset object through the Remote Data Service RDS in the browser, and then access the data in the script language. Alternatively, you can obtain the recordset object through RDS in a Native Windows application, and then use the program code to access data from the remote data source. RDS can transmit the data obtained by ADO to the client through DCOM or HTTP communication protocol, and cache the data in the client for the client to access the data. Jiqimiao1982 Jiqimiao1982 1 Component Diagram) A component diagram is used to reflect the physical structure of the Code. From the component diagram, you can understand the compiler and runtime dependencies between software components (such as source code files or dynamic link libraries. You can use a component diagram to divide the system into cohesion components and display the code structure. The main purpose of a component diagram is to display the structural relationship between system components. In UML 1.1, a component represents an implementation project, such as a file and a runable program. Unfortunately, this is in conflict with the term component, which is more common and refers to something like a COM component. With the passage of time and the continuous release of UML, the UML components have lost most of their original meaning. UML 2 formally changes the essential meaning of the component concept. In UML 2, components are considered to be independent and provide one or more interfaces in the encapsulation unit of a system or subsystem. While the UML 2 specification does not strictly declare it, components are larger design units that present things, which are generally implemented using replaceable components. However, unlike in UML 1.x, components must have strict logic and are constructed during design. The main idea is that you can easily reuse and/or replace a different component implementation in your design, because a component encapsulates behavior and implements a specific interface. 1 In component-based development (CBD), component diagrams provide architects with a natural form of starting to model the solution. The component diagram allows an architect to verify that the required functions of the system are implemented by the component, ensuring that the final system will be accepted. In addition, component diagrams are useful communication tools for different groups. The diagram can be presented to key project initiators and implementers. Generally, when a component diagram connects the implementers of the system, the component diagram can usually make the project sponsor feel relaxed, because the diagram shows an early understanding of the entire system to be established. The developer finds that the component diagram is useful, because the component diagram provides them with a high-level architecture view of the system to be created, which will help developers start to build a road map for implementation, and decide on task allocation and/or improvement of demand skills. System Administrators can find component diagrams useful because they can get an early view of logical software components that will run on their systems. Although the system administrator will not be able to identify physical devices or physical executable programs from the graph, they still welcome the component diagram, because it provides information about components and their relationships earlier (this allows the system administrator to easily plan subsequent work ). Jiqimiao1982 Jiqimiao1982 1