Go 150 common commands shared by Linux Enterprise Ops

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150 common commands shared by Linux Enterprise Ops

Original: http://www.jb51.net/article/127014.htm

This article will introduce the Linux enterprise operation and maintenance personnel commonly used 150 commands, if there are shortcomings, but also look haihan. Of course, we would like to leave a message points. Hope to help everyone!

Command

Function description

Online Enquiry and Help commands (2)

Mans

View command Help, Dictionary of commands, more complex and info, but not commonly used.

Help

See Help for Linux built-in commands, such as CD commands.

File and Directory operations commands (18)

Ls

Full spelling list, which is a listing of the contents of a directory and its content property information.

Cd

Full spelling change directory, which switches from the current working directory to the specified working directory.

Cp

Full copy, with the ability to copy files or directories.

Find

Find the meaning, used to find the directory and the file under the directory.

Mkdir

Full make directories, its function is to create a directory.

Mv

Full move, the function is to move or rename the file.

Pwd

Full print working directory with the ability to display an absolute path to the current working directory.

Rename

Used to rename a file.

Rm

Remove all, its function is to delete one or more files or directories.

RmDir

Completely remove empty directories, the function is to delete the blank directory.

Touch

Creates a new empty file, changing the timestamp property of an existing file.

Tree

The function is to display the contents of the directory in a tree-shaped structure.

BaseName

Displays the file name or directory name.

DirName

Displays the file or directory path.

Chattr

Changes the extended properties of the file.

Lsattr

View file extension properties.

File

Displays the type of file.

Md5sum

Calculates and verifies the MD5 value of the file.

View file and Content processing commands (21)

Cat

Full spell concatenate, which is used to connect multiple files and print to the screen output or redirect to a specified file.

Tac

The TAC is the inverse spelling of cat, so the function of the command is to display the file contents in reverse.

More

Page displays the contents of the file.

Less

Pagination Displays the contents of the file, the opposite usage of the more command.

Head

Displays the header of the file contents.

Tail

Displays the tail of the file content.

Cut

Splits each line of a file by the specified delimiter and outputs it.

Split

Split the file into different small fragments.

Paste

Merges file contents by row.

Sort

Sorts the text content of the file.

Uniq

Remove duplicate rows. Oldboy

Wc

The number of rows, words, or bytes of the statistics file.

Iconv

The encoding format of the converted file.

Dos2unix

Convert DOS format files to UNIX format.

Diff

Full spelling difference, comparing file differences, often used in text files.

Vimdiff

Command line Visual file Comparison tool, commonly used in text files.

Rev

Reverse output file contents.

Grep/egrep

Filter strings, three musketeers old three.

Join

Merge by the same field as two files.

Tr

Replace or delete characters.

Vi/vim

command line text editor.

File compression and Decompression commands (4)

Tar

Package compression. Oldboy

Unzip

Unzip the file.

Gzip

Gzip compression tool.

Zip

Compression tool.

Information display commands (11)

Uname

A command that displays information about the operating system.

Hostname

Displays or sets the host name of the current system.

Dmesg

Displays the boot information for diagnosing system failures.

Uptime

Displays system run time and load.

Stat

Displays the status of the file or file system.

Du

Calculate disk space usage.

Df

Reports on the use of file system disk space.

Top

Real-time display of system resource usage.

Free

View system memory.

Date

Displays and sets the system time.

Cal

View time information such as calendars.

Search Files Command (4)

which

Find the binary command, which is found by the environment variable path PATH.

Find

Find files or directories from disk traversal.

Whereis

Find the binary command, which is found by the environment variable path PATH.

Locate

From the database (/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db) Lookup command, use UpdateDB to update the library.

User Management commands (10)

Useradd

Add Users.

Usermod

Modifies a user attribute that already exists on the system.

Userdel

Delete the user.

Groupadd

Add a user group.

passwd

Modify the user password.

Chage

Modify the user password validity period.

Id

View the user's Uid,gid and attribution user groups.

Su

Switch user identities.

Visudo

Edit the exclusive commands for the/etc/sudoers file.

Sudo

Perform the commands previously allowed in the Sudoers file as another user (the default root user).

Basic Network Operations Commands (11)

Telnet

Log on remotely using the Telnet protocol.

Ssh

Telnet using SSH encryption protocol.

Scp

Full secure copy for copying files between different hosts.

Wget

command line to download the file.

Ping

Test the connectivity of the network between hosts.

Route

Displays and sets the routing table for the Linux system.

Ifconfig

View, configure, enable, or disable a command for a network interface.

Ifup

Start the network card.

Ifdown

Turn off the network card.

Netstat

View network status.

Ss

View network status.

Deep Network Operations Command (9)

Nmap

The Network Scan command.

Lsof

Full Name list open files, which is the file that is already opened in the system.

Mail

Send and receive messages.

Mutt

Mail management commands.

Nslookup

Interactively query the commands of the Internet DNS server.

Dig

Find the DNS resolution process.

Host

A command that queries DNS.

Traceroute

Track data transmission routing status.

Tcpdump

Command-line Grab kit.

Commands for disks and file systems (16)

Mount

Mount the file system.

Umount

Unmount the file system.

Fsck

Check and repair the Linux file system.

Dd

Convert or copy files.

Dumpe2fs

Export EXT2/EXT3/EXT4 file system information.

Dump

EXT2/3/4 File System Backup tool.

Fdisk

The disk partitioning command, which is suitable for disk partitions below 2TB.

Parted

The disk partitioning command, which has no disk size limit, is commonly used for disk partitions below 2TB.

Mkfs

Format to create a Linux file system.

Partprobe

Update the kernel's hard disk partition table information.

E2fsck

Check the EXT2/EXT3/EXT4 type file system.

Mkswap

Create a Linux swap partition.

Swapon

Enable the swap partition.

Swapoff

Close the swap partition.

Sync

Writes the data in the memory buffer to disk.

Resize2fs

Adjusts the size of the Ext2/ext3/ext4 file system.

System permissions and user authorization related commands (4)

chmod

Change file or directory permissions.

Chown

Change the owner and owner group of a file or directory.

Chgrp

Change the file user group.

Umask

Displays or sets the permission mask.

Commands to view system user login information (7)

WhoAmI

Displays the currently valid user name, which is equivalent to executing the id-un command.

W.H.O.

Displays user information for the currently logged on system.

W

Displays a list of users who have logged in to the system and displays the instructions that the user is executing.

Last

Displays the user who logged into the system.

Lastlog

Displays the last logon information for all users in the system.

Users

Displays the list of users for all users who are currently logged on to the system.

Finger

Find and display user information.

Built-in commands and others (19)

Echo

Prints the variable, or outputs the specified string directly

Printf

The result is formatted to output to standard output.

Rpm

Commands for managing RPM packages.

Yum

Automate the simple management of RPM package commands.

Watch

Executes the given command periodically and displays the output of the command in full-screen mode.

Alias

Sets the system alias.

Unalias

Cancels the system alias.

Date

View or set the system time.

Clear

Clear the screen, for short, clear screen.

History

View the history of the command execution.

Eject

Eject the optical drive.

Time

Calculates the command execution time.

nc

Powerful Network Tools.

Xargs

Converts the standard input to a command-line parameter.

Exec

The command that invokes and executes the instruction.

Export

Sets or displays environment variables.

unset

Delete a variable or function.

Type

Used to determine if another command is a built-in command.

Bc

Command Line Scientific calculator

System Management and performance monitoring commands (9)

Chkconfig

Manage Linux system boot entry.

Vmstat

Virtual memory statistics.

Mpstat

Displays status statistics for each available CPU.

Iostat

Statistical system IO.

Sar

Gain full access to system performance data such as CPU, run queue, disk I/O, paging (swap area), memory, CPU interrupt, and network.

IPCs

Used to report the status of interprocess communication facilities in Linux, including information about message lists, shared memory, and semaphores.

Ipcrm

Used to delete one or more message queues, semaphore sets, or shared memory identities.

Strace

For diagnosing and debugging Linux user space trackers. We use it to monitor user space processes and kernel interactions, such as system invocation, signal delivery, process state changes, and so on.

Ltrace

The command tracks the library function call of the process and it shows which library function is called.

Commands to shut down/restart/logoff and view system Information (6)

Shutdown

Shutdown.

Halt

Shutdown.

Poweroff

Power off.

Logout

Exits the currently logged-on shell.

Exit

Exits the currently logged-on shell.

Ctrl+d

Exits the shortcut key for the currently logged-on shell.

Process Management related commands (15)

Bg

A command that pauses in the background changes to continue execution (performed in the background).

Fg

The commands in the background are moved to the foreground to continue running.

Jobs

See how many commands are currently running in the background.

Kill

Terminates the process.

Killall

Terminates the process through the process name.

Pkill

Terminates the process through the process name.

Crontab

Timed Task command.

Ps

Displays a snapshot of the process.

Pstree

The tree displays the process.

Nice/renice

Adjusts the priority of the program to run.

Nohup

Ignores the pending signal to run the specified command.

Pgrep

Finds a process that matches a condition.

RunLevel

View the current operating level of the system.

Init

Toggles the run level.

Service

Start, stop, restart, and shut down system services, and also display the current status of all system services.

The above is the Linux Enterprise operation and maintenance personnel commonly used 150 commands of the entire content, I hope to help you. Interested friends can refer to this site more about the Linux content, at: http://www.jb51.net/!

Go 150 common commands shared by Linux Enterprise Ops

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