Graphical interface and Connection

As a beginner, We need to assemble a computer that can be used. The first problem we need to solve is how to smoothly connect many computer accessories and connections? To complete this task, you must have a deep understanding of various connections inside and outside the computer. I will divide these connections into three parts for you to explain.

External host connection

The connection outside the host is simple, but we need to find out which interface is used for accessories and functions. For these interfaces, the simplest connection method is to align the pins and insert them straight to the interface and fix them.

　　Power supply Interface(Black): responsible for power supply to the entire host, some power supply provides a switch, the author suggests that the power switch off when not using the computer (figure 1 ).

　　PS/2 Interface(Blue-green): There are two groups of PS/2 interfaces: the purple keyboard interface at the bottom (in the PCB direction of the motherboard) and the Green mouse interface at the top (figure 2 ), the two interfaces cannot be reversed. Otherwise, the corresponding hardware cannot be found. hot plugging is not allowed during use. Otherwise, the related chip or circuit may be damaged.

　　USB Interface(Black): the interface is flat in shape. It is the only interface supporting hot plugging in the external interface of the home computer. It can be connected to all peripherals using the USB interface. It is designed to be foolproof, you cannot insert data in the reverse direction.

　　LPT Interface(Zhu red): This interface is the most needle angle interface, a total of 25 needles. Can be used to connect the printer, after the connection should be tightened on both sides of the interface rotation screws (other similar accessories and equipment are fixed in the same way ).

　　COM interface(Dark blue): the interface is evenly distributed below the parallel interface, which has nine pins, also known as serial 1 and Serial 2. Allows you to connect game controllers, tablets, and other accessories.

　　Line out Interface(Light green): close to the COM interface, the line interface used to connect the speaker through the audio cable, output various audio signals processed by the computer (Figure 3 ).

　　Line in Interface(Light blue): the interface in the middle of line out and MIC. It indicates the audio input interface. It must be connected to other audio professional devices. It is useless for home users to stay idle.

　　Mic Interface(Pink): pink is a favorite color of mm, while chatting is also a favorite color of mm. The mic interface can have both of them. The mic interface is connected to the microphone for chatting or recording.

　　Graphics interface(Blue): The Blue 15-pin D-sub interface is a analog signal output interface (figure 4) used to transmit video signals to the display in two directions. This interface is used to connect the 15-pin Video Wire on the display. You need to pin the fixed screws at both ends to keep the pin in good contact with the interface.

　　MIDI/Game Interfaces(Yellow): This interface has the same 15 pins as the video card interface. It can be connected to game joystick, steering wheel, two-in-one game handle, and professional MIDI keyboard and keyboard.

　　Nic Interface: This interface is generally located on the network card baffle (currently many motherboard is integrated with the network card, the network card interface is usually located at the top of the USB interface ). Insert the crystal head of the network cable. Under normal circumstances, the red link light on the network card will be on, and the green data light will be on when data is transmitted.

Host connection

The connections in the host are simple and complex, but whether simple or complex, we need to overcome these difficulties for diyer to truly assemble a computer that can run smoothly.

1. Power connection

　　20-core power connection: The motherboard is powered by it. Hold the plastic clip on the power connector, and insert the power interface straight to the 20-core power outlet next to the CPU outlet of the motherboard (figure 5 ). Note that the clip is in the same direction as the clip holder.

　　CPU power connection: Because the P4 level CPU consumes a lot of power, the system also needs to independently power the CPU, so a 4-core power outlet is provided near the CPU, during connection, a square four-core power plug at the power output end is inserted at the clip seat.

　　4-core power connection: In addition to connecting common ide devices, the 4-core power plug can also provide power to the fan or video card of the purchased chassis. Switching is often required for connection, you only need to insert the public header at the output end into the master header at the connection end.

　　CPU fan connection: After a radiator is installed for the CPU, insert the power input (dark red) of the radiator into the "CPU fan" near the CPU on the motherboard (figure 6 ).

　　Graphics card fan connection: The connection of the Heat Dissipation fan of the video card is mostly three-pin (provided by the motherboard) or two-pin (provided by the video card ). Therefore, if we purchase a cooling fan that requires a three-pin power supply interface, we need to find such a deep red socket (sys fan) near the motherboard CPU outlet, and then insert it in the correct direction according to the raised on both sides. The two-core fan is directly inserted into the power supply interface of the video card.

2. device connection

　　IDE device connection: Ide devices include optical drives and hard disks. Generally, ide1 and ide2 are marked on the motherboard (Figure 7). Two groups of IDE devices can be connected through the motherboard. Normally, we connect the hard disk to ide1 and the optical drive to ied2. Two types of connections are required for normal operation of this type of equipment: one is an 80-pin data cable (40-pin optical drive) and the other is a 4-core power cord. During connection, insert one end of the data line blue plug into the IDE interface on the motherboard, and then the other end into the hard disk or optical drive interface; plug the power cord connector into the power interface of the IDE device (figure 8 ). Because both the data line and power line have anti-insertion design, do not force insertion during insertion. If it cannot be inserted, try another direction.

　　SATA interface connection: Currently, Sata hard disks are widely used. The data cable interfaces of SATA hard disks, such as sata1 and sata2, are mounted on the SATA hard disks. They are usually red through the flat SATA data cable) connect to the SATA hard drive (figure 9 ).

3. Chassis panel and other connections

　　Front USB connector: Two front USB interfaces are provided on the chassis panel. The USB connection is used to connect the front USB interface and the motherboard. Most of the USB connections in each group are combined in one plug (Figure 10). Then, find the interface marked with USB on the motherboard and insert it in the sequence specified in the motherboard specification.

　　Power-on signal line: Find the boot signal line from a set of connections in the chassis panel. The power-on signal line consists of two connectors marked with "Power SW" in white and red, which are connected with the power-on button (figure 11 ). We just need to insert this connector into the motherboard chassis panel plug-in area won the "PWR" character of the metal needle on the boot.

　　Restart signal line: The restart signal line is a two-pin joint labeled with "Reset SW", which is connected to the reset button (restart button) in the host panel ). The two wires of these connectors are blue and white, respectively, and are inserted into the metal needle labeled "reset" on the motherboard.

　　Hard drive indicator line: When we read or write a hard disk, the hard disk light emits red light to indicate that the hard disk is working. The two-pin connection marked as "HDD led" in the connection of the chassis panel is its connection, link the two red and white wires together with the metal pins labeled "HDD led" on the motherboard.

　　Chassis horn connection: It is best to recognize the connection of the chassis horn (which is used to trigger an alarm on the Startup Sound), because the speaker connector is the largest and widest among several sets of cables. The connector is black and red. Insert this connector into a metal needle labeled "Speaker" or "SPK" on the motherboard (note that the red wire is connected to the positive pole, that is, the "+" pin ).

　　Singular wire tie: Disassemble the brand machine. The biggest impression is that it is very open and tidy. Is there any way for diyer to make a facelift for messy power supplies and data lines in the chassis? Yes! This depends on the wire. The wire can be used by familiar computer merchants to ask for a few pieces (Figure 12), place the wire in the wire tie circle, and then tie it into the end of the wire tie, remove the extra wire tie head with scissors.

Host jumper

Patch Cord, a small blue "small cap" that connects two metal pins. Although the jumper is small, it can be used.

1. Three-pin jumper

The three-pin jumper is the three adjacent pins. We can name these three pins as 1, 2, and 3 respectively. Generally, when we connect two pins 1 and 2 with a patch cap, it indicates that the PIN is enabled or connected. When we connect two or three pins, it indicates clearing or shielding.

The most common jumper function is the BIOS jumper (Figure 13) and the sound card jumper. The operating principle is the same as above. When the machine cannot start due to BIOS damage or overclock, we will remove the BIOS jumper (near the round CMOS battery) from pins 1 and 2, plug in 2, 3 (clear) and then insert back 1, 2, so that the BIOS is cleared, the relevant settings back to the factory status.

For integrated sound card (ac'97) or integrated video card, we enable this function by using a patch cap to connect pins 1 and 2. When we add a hard or independent video card, you can use a patch cap to connect two or three pins to shield the integrated sound card or integrated graphics card (many boards are currently implemented in BIOS settings ).

2. Master/Slave jumper

If only one ide device exists on a data cable, you do not need to set the Master/Slave disk because the manufacturer has set the jumper to the master disk when the product leaves the factory. However, with the addition of dual hard disks, recorders, and DVDs, two ide devices are installed on one data line, which requires you to reset the master disk and slave disk (figure 14 ).

Generally, there are jumper settings on the hard disk and the optical storage device surface. Based on the principle that the master is the master disk (connected to the far end of the data line) and the slave is the slave disk (connected to the middle of the data line, set according to the illustration provided by the manufacturer.

When we set the jumper, we often cannot hold the Jumper cap with our fingers. We recommend that you use pliers or tweezers to insert and remove the Jumper cap.

3. overclocking jumper

There is no uniform practice for various manufacturers About overclocking jumpers. Therefore, overclocking friends need to refer to the technical specifications and related parameters of various motherboard manufacturers, I suggest you carefully read the motherboard manual or consult the customer service department of the manufacturer for technical support. At the same time, if you really like super-frequency, it is essential to have a strong heat dissipation fan and super-high CPU resistance.

Xiaobian has something to say: after reading the introduction in this article, I can't help but think about some of the DIY process.Small experienceShare it with you.

1. It is best to release static electricity on the human body before the connection, so as to avoid electrostatic breakdown of the hardware chip or damage to the circuit. The method for releasing static electricity is simple. You can put your hands on the wall or touch the tap water pipe.

2. nowadays, the hardware interface is widely used with "anti-plug-in and anti-Design". That is to say, if the hardware interface cannot be inserted, do not use brute force. Instead, you should carefully check whether the direction of the plug-in is reversed.

3. When connecting the chassis panel plug-in, try to keep your eyes close to the plug-in position, check the corresponding PIN position on the motherboard, and try again. During the plug-in, the force is even and light, so as not to force the plug-in.

4. when connecting the power cord and data cable, we need to pay attention to the principle of "Red-red relative" for IDE devices such as hard drives and optical drives, that is, the red line of the power cord corresponds to the red line of the data cable, the opposite is true for a soft drive.

5. According to the requirements of the pc'99 specification, some special colors are marked in the motherboard interface or jumper. These colors are connected to the hardware labeled with the same color. For example, the purple PS/2 interface can only connect the keyboard with the same purple interface.