How should we determine common motherboard faults?

How should we determine common motherboard faults?

The main board is a bridge connecting computer accessories. Its stability directly affects the normal operation of the computer. The components and circuits it integrates are complex, so there are many causes of faults.
The determination of motherboard faults is generally achieved by gradually removing or replacing the Board (memory, graphics card, etc.) connected to the motherboard ), first, you can lock the target on the motherboard after eliminating any problems that may occur with these accessories. In addition, the failure of the main board is often manifested in failures that are difficult to intuitively judge, such as system startup failure and no display on the screen. Below, I will only introduce some common and easy-to-operate fault judgments. For some circuit and electrical fault problems, due to the need for professional maintenance and diagnosis tools and the limited ability of the author, it cannot be listed. Sorry here. Http://www.400gb.com/file/70471256

1. faults related to the motherboard driver that cause loss, damage, or repeated installation of the motherboard driver may cause the failure of the operating system boot or instability of the operating system, you can open "Control Panel-system-Device Manager" in sequence to check whether there are yellow exclamation marks or question marks in "system devices. Delete all projects with yellow exclamation marks or question marks (you can perform operations in "safe mode"), reinstall the built-in driver on the motherboard, and restart the system. For example, to install the "Intel chipset software installation utility" motherboard driver on the motherboard using the Intel chipset, the "4 in 1" driver must be installed on the motherboard using the via chipset, to achieve better stability and compatibility.

2, poor contact, short circuit http://www.400gb.com/file/70471256

The main board has a large area, which is a place with a lot of dust. Dust may cause poor contact between the slot and the card. In this case, we can blow the air to the slot to remove dust. If the contact is poor due to the oxidation of the slot pin, you can fold the hardness of the White Paper (the surface is smooth that facing the outside), insert into the slot to wipe back and forth. In addition, if dust is attached to the Thermistor Used in the CPU slot to detect the CPU temperature or to monitor the temperature in the chassis on the motherboard, it may cause the motherboard to identify the temperature incorrectly, in this case, the protection fault of the motherboard is caused, so you must pay attention to it during cleaning.

When disassembling the chassis, the conductive material such as the Small Silk may be stuck between the main board components, leading to a short circuit, leading to a "protective fault ". In addition, check whether there are less copper columns installed between the motherboard and the chassis to support the motherboard; whether the motherboard is installed improperly or the chassis is deformed, so that the motherboard and the chassis are in direct contact, enable the power supply with short-circuit protection function to automatically cut off the power supply. 3. Related to the motherboard battery

When the hard disk cannot be correctly found during computer boot, the system time is incorrect after boot, and the CMOS settings cannot be saved, check whether the CMOS jumper of the motherboard is set to clear the "clear" option (generally 2-3). If so, change the jumper to the "normal" option (usually 1-2) and reset it. If it is not a CMOS jumper error, it is probably because the motherboard battery is damaged or the battery voltage is insufficient. Please try another motherboard battery.

4. compatibility issues

In case of compatibility issues with new and old things due to bugs in the design of the motherboard or upgrades of accessories (refer to the articles on how to judge ** faults in previous issues, first try to exclude), after eliminating the BIOS settings, you can download the latest bios of the motherboard for Refresh. In addition, the author also encountered compatibility problems caused by the upgrade of the operating system and was later determined to be caused by outdated motherboard BIOS.

Tip 1: Clear the CMOS settings and solve some "inexplicable" faults. Try again.
Tip 2: When the installed hardware cannot be recognized by the operating system, set the "pnp OS installed" (plug-and-play) item set in CMOS to "yes" or "no ", try.

5, motherboard North bridge chip cooling effect is not good caused by http://www.400gb.com/file/70471256

Some boards have reduced the heat sink on the north bridge chip, which may cause poor chip cooling effect and cause the system to crash after a period of operation. In this case, you can install a self-made heat sink or add a chassis fan with good heat dissipation. 6. Caused by failure of the motherboard Capacitor

The aluminum electrolysis capacitor on the motherboard (usually around the CPU slot) uses the electrolyte internally because of time, temperature, quality and other reasons, it will "aging" phenomenon, this will lead to a decrease in the anti-interference index of the motherboard, affecting the normal operation of the computer. We can purchase a capacitor with the same capacity as "aging", prepare the soldering iron, solder wire, rosin, and then replace the "aging. In addition, When disassembling a computer, the loss of the tool may accidentally damage the capacitor. Check and eliminate the loss.

7. Damaged BIOS http://www.400gb.com/file/70471256

If the boot block (known as BIOS boot block in Award bios and flash recover boot block in Phoenix BIOS) is not damaged due to BIOS refresh failure or CIH virus, you can use a self-made boot disk to refresh the BIOS (For details, refer to the relevant articles on this site. I will not repeat them here). If the boot block is damaged, hot swapping can be used (very dangerous) or use the programmer to fix the security.

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How should we determine common motherboard faults?