How to become a qualified Linux System Administrator

Article Title: How to Become a qualified Linux system administrator. Linux is a technology channel of the IT lab in China. Includes basic categories such as desktop applications, Linux system management, kernel research, embedded systems, and open source.
On many free LINUX forums in China, we can find various problems raised by many LINUX enthusiasts. These include LINUX installation, troubleshooting, and user management. Among these problems, the most prominent one is how to become a qualified LINUX system administrator, and what basic conditions are required to become a LINUX system administrator. Although there are many friends who use LINUX, there are not many people who can use LINUX to construct networks and provide network services, most LINUX enthusiasts are college students and beginners who have invested in LINUX from WINDOWS. Becoming a qualified LINUX system administrator is a dream of many LINUX enthusiasts. The following is a brief introduction to how to become a qualified LINUX administrator.
　　
To become a qualified LINUX administrator, you must understand the following rules:
　　
Rule 1: understand everything about LINUX. First, before learning about the following rules, I must explain to you that, even if the most basic LINUX System Administrator has to go through continuous learning and practice for a long time to truly understand the entire LINUX operating system and network. If you are a new LINUX beginner or do not know much about LINUX, in this case, if you want to become a qualified LINUX system administrator, so I suggest that you take some time and patience to learn about LINUX. If you have enough knowledge about LINUX and are familiar with LINUX as you are using WINDOWS, you can learn more, to realize the dream of a qualified LINUX system administrator.
　　
Rule 2: if you cannot really understand everything about LINUX, you must at least know how to find it and where to find the LINUX information and knowledge you need. Generally, as a LINUX system administrator, you should have at least a few comprehensive LINUX tool books, including LINUX installation, LINUX network configuration, LINUX system analysis, and the original tool books such as LINUX usage. Most LINUX tool books in China are translated from foreign countries. Here, we also recommend a relatively good tool book for your reference:
　　
Book of red hat 6-Machinery Industry Press (LINUX and free software resources series) ISBN 7-111-07946-9
This book is informative and involves a wide range of fields. It provides detailed examples and a large amount of reference materials, including books, CDs, electronic documents, and INTERNET sites, A good tool for using and managing LINUX. Suitable for intermediate LINUX users.
　　
Book of Common LINUX technologies -- published by e-Industry Publishing House ISBN 7-5053-5460-2
This book extracts thousands of pages from the LINUX document project and provides comprehensive information about the LINUX operating system. This book is suitable for various computer users. Intermediate users can use this book to learn more about and use LINUX. Advanced users can use this book as an advanced reference manual for LINUX operating systems.
　　
Hongqi, red hat linux development and network application -- published by People's post and telecommunications Publishing House ISBN 7-115-08978-7
This book is suitable for LINUX enthusiasts. It is of great help to LINUX users and administrators.
　　
With these tools, you may not be able to fully meet the needs of a system administrator. After all, no book can fully summarize all of LINUX. You need to learn how to find the knowledge and information you need from a pile of books and materials. It should also be pointed out that, because there are many LINUX Release versions in the world, the operations and usage of each of the LINUX Release versions and even the parameter configuration files are different, so we suggest you buy them, when downloading the LINUX release, pay attention to the official version materials and reference books for this version to facilitate future management system use.
　　
Rule 3: if you cannot obtain the information you need from various channels, try your own solutions. Not all LINUX fault books have answered these questions. Maybe these strange questions cannot be answered by others. At this time, you need to study and solve them by yourself. Finally, we recommend that you publish your problems and solutions on the LINUX free forum so that you do not need to spend too much effort to solve similar problems.
　　
Rule 4: Prepare a portable LINUX system user reference manual at any time. You can read the manual at any time while waiting for a bus on the road. This is a successful experience of a senior LINUX System Administrator abroad. He said that it would take him 2-3 hours every day to carefully read various LINUX commands when learning LINUX to study LINUX security issues. After all, LINUX is a developing operating system. If you do not have enough time to study all aspects of it, it is difficult for you to become a good LINUX system administrator.
　　
In addition to the above knowledge of LINUX, it is more important to become a qualified LINUX system administrator to master a lot of skills and professional knowledge.
　　
Tip 1: familiar with TCP/IP and various network services provided by LINUX, such as DNS, SMTP, UDP, HTTP, FTP, POP3, etc. You must know the installation, debugging, and maintenance of LINUX programs and software on the LINUX platform. In short, the more knowledge about LINUX, the better.
　　
Tip 2: If you can, you 'd better be familiar with as many operating systems as possible. This is very important. Many friends may think that as a LINUX system administrator, you only need to be proficient in LINUX. In fact, LINUX provides network services, and many other operating systems may act as clients. Therefore, as a LINUX system administrator, you sometimes have to solve the problem of communication between LINUX and other operating systems, security issues. Generally, it is not difficult to be familiar with Microsoft's WINDOWS operating systems. What's important is that we should be familiar with Solaris, Linux, IRIX, HPUX, PPC and other systems and their hardware platforms.
　　
Tip 3: Be familiar with networks, network concepts, and hardware. The operating system is the largest program for managing the entire computer hardware, and LINUX is no exception. LINUX can manage a PC, laptop, or even a large network server. This requires the LINUX system administrator to be familiar with the hardware platform controlled by LINUX, because only in this way can the greatest advantage of computer hardware be well utilized. In fact, if LINUX is not used to provide network services, it is a great waste. We all know that LINUX is more stable and secure than Microsoft's operating system. Remember, LINUX provides a complete set of network services. If you are a LINUX system administrator in a commercial company, you must have a clear understanding of the network and its network concept, able to configure the entire network and network services independently.
　　
Tip 4: Restore the backup system and files. This is one of the most important tasks for LINUX administrators. Backing up LINUX systems and important files every day is a task that a LINUX System Administrator is responsible. In fact, backup of LINUX systems and files is not a big problem in terms of hardware or software technology. The problem often occurs when the system administrator forgets to back up files or is lucky enough, once your LINUX server is under attack and the file losses are exhausted, you cannot recover the original file, and you are solely responsible for all losses. Using the regular backup software in LINUX and the backup disk tape can save you a lot of backup time. As long as you regularly back up data on a regular basis, everything can be restored even if the LINUX Server encounters another major problem.
　　
Tip 5: master a scripting language. We all know that the installation of many LINUX software is carried out through the script language. BASH and PERL are good choices. Another major advantage of mastering the scripting language is that you can understand the programs and development ideas of other LINUX programmers, and modify other programs as needed. The PERL language is powerful and easy to learn.
　　
Tip 6: Pay attention to LINUX security issues. This is also the most complex and challenging topic in LINUX. At the same time, LINUX security issues also put a lot of pressure on LINUX system administrators. In my opinion, security actually depends on the user's self-consciousness to follow certain policies. Security measures have created conflicts with many companies in many operating systems. Users need to complete their work, and the system administrator needs to reject unreasonable requests from outside the system. The company's management department needs to keep the company's secrets in many aspects, security is the most difficult field to achieve user cooperation, but it is actually the most important field.
　　
For the LINUX system administrator, one piece of advice I can provide is: "The best users only follow the policies you follow. If you have a bad habit of ignoring Security, they can only get worse." On the other hand, people usually make requests to display or view the bottom-layer messages, which is beyond the responsibilities of the system administrator and should be pointed out and improved in a friendly manner. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent hackers who attempt to access the system through a LINUX backdoor. LINUX security issues cover a wide range of topics, so we cannot talk about them here.