How to calculate and build the IDC

When talking about his own machine room, Xu Ziyi is always talking about it, but the words "saving money" is always indispensable. Design, purchase, maintain, and explore by yourself. However, the "saved" data center is very impressive.

On July 6, August 12, Beijing received the first Rainstorm this summer. According to the agreement, when we were about to reach the location agreed with Xu Zili, the information center Director of the road and bridge group, the reporter connected his mobile phone. Director Xu, at the other end of the phone, was obviously a little surprised. On this heavy rain morning, he traveled from Beijing to tongxian, and thought the reporter would never go.

After a moment, Director Xu hurried to the door. He was very casual in his pants and legs. Apparently, he did not make specific preparations, and the entire interview was very casual.

The reporter first visited the data center with Director Xu. When talking about the data center, Director Xu spoke a lot about the data center design, product procurement, wiring and maintenance, experience, lessons, and feelings.

It is hard to deploy a data center. with limited funds, you have to think about how to achieve the most reasonable allocation and how to maximize cost savings. If you have no experience, you can explore it on your own. If you have no experts, you can ask for advice. If you don't have any funds, you only have to worry about how to "save money" to the maximum extent ", "Saving Money" becomes the main base adjustment during the entire data center deployment process.

"Save Money" Step 1: Design and purchase by yourself

In the whole process of data center construction, the first and most important step is the design and budget. From the initial investment in the data center to the capacity design and system carrying capacity of the entire data center, each step needs to be estimated in detail.

Without technical experts, Director Xu and his colleagues can only explore and discuss the problem by themselves. When it is difficult to solve the problem, they will also find their experts: friends on the Internet. They have a large number of exchange partners in the leading forum-a large community in the intelligent building industry. It is through this channel that they solve most of the problems.

For the initial design of the IDC, Director Xu also talked about his experience. to deploy the IDC, you must first determine the system you want to implement. Secondly, determine the maximum number of online users in the future, the requirements for future operating systems, and the maximum requirements for application systems. After all the basic data is determined, take the maximum value as the reference value of the entire system.

After the design is complete, the next step is the most important, that is, the purchase of products. Director Xu and his colleagues tried to save the product.

Select the cheapest common cabinet for the cabinet, and the price is about 4000 yuan. According to Director Xu, the performance of common cabinets is not inferior to that of Integrated cabinets. Compared with the high price of Integrated cabinets, the price of common cabinets is only about one tenth. In this respect, a large amount of money can be saved. Therefore, in the case of insufficient funds and low dependence on information technology, it is recommended to select a common cabinet.

In the selection of other products, we should not focus on saving money, but also consider practical and complete functions, to meet the maximum needs of our own systems, and at the same time cannot be outdated in technology. Such as vswitches, routers, and servers, you must select a proper product.

In terms of the choice of air conditioners, Director Xu's practice is the same as that of the designers of most small data centers. He chooses ordinary household cabinet air conditioners. In data centers with only two cabinets and dozens of square meters, there is no problem with using ordinary air conditioners, but it is best to install a humidifier.

Step 2: save money

In terms of wiring, Director Xu gave his data center a cabling method. Optical fiber enters the room from the outside, as shown in figure 1 (home cables include optical fiber cables and telephone lines), optical fiber cables are routed directly through the overhead floor. Then, connect to the vswitch through pigtails, optical fiber transceiver, and over 5 type dual-hinges, as shown in figure 2.

Figure 1

Here, Director Xu also reminded that the optical fiber must be sufficiently long (the red line shown in the figure shows the pigtails of the optical fiber ).

Figure 2

In the cable layout of 3, we can see that the cables deployed by the following switch are relatively neat, while the cables laid by the above switch are slightly messy. According to Director Xu, the following switches were newly added last year. The wiring is more compliant, while the above switches are old products, and they have already purchased new switches, I plan to replace this product. After the new product is changed, all cabling will be as standardized as the design below.

Figure 3

Director Xu repeatedly stressed that this product cannot save money. Director Xu also showed reporters the two Huawei 3COM switches he recently purchased, as shown in figure 4.

Figure 4

The last link of the cabling is the connection of the entry cable. 5. In the connection between the entry cable and the switch, Director Xu marked them with a piece of paper ". As the cabinet is a common cabinet, no cabling channel is reserved on both sides of the Cabinet, so the entry cable arrangement is a bit messy. If the end user of the system does not need to connect to the Internet, you can also unplug the cables connected to the vswitch to restrict the user's access to the Internet.

Figure 5

Step 3 of "Saving Money": self-maintenance and management

In the Information System of Luqiao, a total of three servers are configured, including two dual-channel servers and one quad-channel server, all of which are IBM products. In order to reserve enough room for future expansion, four-way servers only use one of the CPUs, and the other three are designed for redundancy.

However, when reporters visited Director Xu's data center, they found that the three servers were connected with three mice and three keyboards, while the display only had one, 6 shows the three mouse s connected to the server, and 7 shows the connection between the server and the mouse. In the originally crowded cabinets, the reporter felt very surprised when there were so many mouse and keyboard "idle.

Figure 6

Figure 7

After the reporter raised his own question, Director Xu's answer was to save money. According to Director Xu, the IBM server cannot be started without a keyboard or a mouse. Therefore, each server must be configured with a mouse, a keyboard, and a display.

The road and bridge information center only selects the simplest converter to save money, as shown in figure 8. It only costs about 200 yuan. In this way, the three servers can share the same Monitor, and the mouse and keyboard are cheaper than the full-function backup converter. Therefore, three sets of mouse and keyboard are configured in the IDC. If conditions permit, a single converter, a set of mouse, keyboard, and display devices can solve the problem. In addition, this will make the entire data center more clean.

Figure 8

Because the entire data center adopts the household air conditioning and cooling mode, and the cabinets are also common cabinets, Director Xu is not very easy to control the temperature and humidity of the data center. According to Director Xu, in the summer, the temperature in the air-conditioning room is not a problem, and the humidity is basically guaranteed. 9 shows the air-conditioners used for cooling the room, the temperature of the air conditioner is 16 degrees Celsius.

Figure 9

During the interview, I felt that the temperature of the data center was relatively moderate, and the temperature of the entire cabinet was suitable because the Cabinet was equipped with a fan (the fan was located on the top of the Cabinet.

However, in the winter, the air in the IDC room is relatively dry, so it is difficult to meet the conditions for the operation of the equipment. For this reason, Director Xu purchased a new humidifier for winter use. To ensure the stable power supply of the entire system, Director Xu also purchased the apc ups equipment, but it has not yet been loaded into the system, as shown in 10.

Figure 10

Director Xu also implemented remote monitoring of the data center. In his office, Director Xu demonstrated his remote monitoring of the data center. As shown in figure 11, careful readers must have discovered that Director Xu is operating the mouse with the left hand and hitting the keyboard with the right hand. According to him, this can save time. The reporter tried it in private, saving time is true, but it is too difficult.

Figure 11

Figure 11

In the entire system, Director Xu sets up different functional homepages and Windows based on different work departments. Users only need to log in with their usernames and follow the permissions pre-set on the Internet, you can perform related operations or work progress statistics on the webpage of your own department, leave a message, and communicate with each other directly. Thanks to the improvement of the internal network functions and the setting of User Function permissions, in the road 1 Bureau of Luqiao group, employees basically work collaboratively.

Step 4 of "Saving Money": Independent handling of key applications

Director Xu is still confident in the construction of his data center: "My data center is open three days and three nights, so no problem will occur ." Readers may think that the three-day and three-night data center is the simplest requirement for users. However, for the Road Bureau of Luqiao group, which is not highly reliant on Informatization, this is enough to meet the requirements. In addition, for them, one hour of power failure and one hour of system disconnection do not cause much loss or work will not be affected. It is not easy to establish such a data center while saving money.

However, any department and any group have their own key departments, and the same is true for road 1 Bureau of Luqiao group, that is, their own financial system. In this regard, Director Xu said that he has adopted key departments, key applications, and independent design methods. The reporter also accompanied him to visit his financial system.

In the office of the Finance Department, the reporter saw this independent financial accounting system, where there are independent server equipment, UPS equipment, printer equipment, etc., as shown in Figure 12. According to Director Xu, as an independent system, the finance department can access the Internet through the company's network, but other users only access the Internet of the road and bridge, and do not have the right to see his internal financial system, this ensures the absolute security of key applications.

In terms of security maintenance for the entire system, Director Xu also adopted a common server-side anti-virus software installation mode. When the system traffic is high and the network speed is slow, he will also directly restart the system. According to Director Xu, this form of anti-virus is also good.

During the construction of the entire data center, the reporter felt that the dust removal in the data center was not very good. Director Xu also explained that for dust prevention, it is also necessary to check whether there is a need for his equipment. The equipment he chooses is not particularly high in dust-proof requirements, this has no significant impact on the entire system. Therefore, he pays little attention to dust prevention.

Comments from reporters

With limited funds, it is a good model to deploy your own data center in the form of a data center deployed by Director Xu.

First, for non-critical applications, such as cabinets, you can select common products, which are inexpensive and sufficient. Although the wiring is slightly messy, it can save a lot of money.

Secondly, key devices, such as servers, switches, and routers, are unambiguous. Just as Hao steel needs to be used in the blade, it is necessary to choose products that meet its own needs, at the same time, we must reserve redundancy for future expansion. Otherwise, reinstalling the system or migrating data during expansion will cause you a lot of trouble.

Third, the independent processing of key applications is also worth learning from. Distinguishing between the Intranet and the Internet not only ensures security, but also facilitates management.

However, for the data center that was built on the basis of saving money, the reporter felt that the dust removal of the data center was not in place, regardless of whether the machine allowed or not, the dust-free environment is still conducive to extending the life of the machine.