How to define menus in XML _android

As with the Android UI layout, we can also define the application's menus in XML. By expanding the menu layout in the Oncreateoptionsmenu method of the menu. Doing so will make our program code much simpler, and as much as possible put more of the interface design parts into XML for easy browsing.

1. Create a menu folder under the/res/folder of the project to hold the menus XML file you defined for your application.
In the menu XML layout, there are three valid elements: menu, group, item. Item and group must be child elements of the menu, and item must be a child of group. The other menu can be a child of item (in order to create a submenu). The following XML fragment shows the hierarchy definition of the menu:

<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "Utf-8"?> <menu xmlns:android= "Http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" > <item android:title= "Play" android:id= "@+id/media_play" android:icon= "@android:d rawable/ic_media_play" > <item android:title= "Pause" android:id= "@+id/media_pause" android:icon= "@android:d rawable/ic_media_pause" > <item android:title= "File" android:id= "@+id/file" > <menu> <item android:title= "Open ..." android: Id= "@+id/file_open"/> <item android:title= "Save" android:id= "@+id/file_save"/> <item "android:title=" Save as "android:id=" @+id/file_saveas "/> <item android:title=" Exit "android:id=" @+id/file_exit "/> </menu > </item> <item android:title= "Edit" android:id= "@+id/edit" > <menu> <group> <item Android:title= "Copy" android:id= "@+id/edit_copy"/> <item android:title= "Paste" android:id= "@+id/edit_paste"/ > <item android:title= "Cut" android:id= "@+id/edit_cut"/> <item android:title= "Delete "android:id=" @+id/edit_delete "/> </group> </menu> </item> </menu>
 

2. Rewrite the Oncreateoptionsmenu method of the activity to expand the menu XML through the Menuinflater.inflate method.
Menuinflater inflater = Getmenuinflater ();
Inflater.inflate (r.menu.menu_option, menu);

3. Handle the Click events for each menu item in the Onoptionsitemselected method of the activity:

 @Override Public
Boolean onoptionsitemselected (MenuItem item) {
super.onoptionsitemselected (item);
Switch (Item.getitemid ()) {case
r.id.media_play: Break      
;
Case R.id.media_pause: Break      
;
Case R.id.file_open: Break      
;
Case R.id.file_save: ...
}
return true;
}

In XML you can define more features such as icons, shortcuts, and checkbox for menu items, and read more about the topics in the SDK for menus.
The effect of the demo is as shown in figure:

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