Summary
Packet loss occurs when we use ping to check whether a system can run normally. packet loss occurs in the channel for various reasons. Ping uses ICMP send-back request and send-back response packets. An ICMP return request message is a request sent from a host or router to a specific target host. The machine receiving the packet must send an ICMP return Response Message to the source host. This type of query message is used to test whether the target station can arrive and understand its status. It must be noted that ping is an example of using network layer ICMP directly. It does not use UDP or TCP on the transport layer.
The main causes of network packet loss are physical line faults, device faults, virus attacks, and route information errors. The following describes the specific situations.
Source
Http://www.cnblogs.com/JemBai/archive/2011/05/06/2038491.html