How to install software in Linux

How to install software in Linux-general Linux technology-Linux technology and application information. The following is a detailed description. First, let's talk about Ubuntu, because I am a user group of Ubuntu. Ubuntu is very easy to install, and most of the software is in the source. The source is a concept exclusive to Ubuntu and Debian and is a software package management method. The source is some servers distributed around the world. You need to add the server information to the source configuration file of your system before your system can use these sources, that is, when installing the software, go to the server information to find and download the software and install it automatically. Generally, your source has been configured during system installation, especially if you select Chinese for installation, after the system is installed, the source of the Chinese region has been configured, and the speed is usually the fastest. (Therefore, I do not recommend that new users install the tool through network disconnection. Although you can skip the long source configuration process and the Language Pack download process, the following things will make it more difficult for you to get started. I usually recommend that you download the ISO version of the DVD to install the software. This will avoid downloading the Language Pack during the installation process, which can save at least one hour and the time for configuring the source is not long .)

If your system is installed according to the standard steps, you can install the software. Otherwise, you need to configure your own source, and find the source Manager in the System menu. (For Beginners, it is necessary to click all the menus that can be viewed one by one. This applies to any system or software .)

Note: All the commands mentioned below are used in the terminal. The terminal is in the menu of the system.

Next, you need to know the specific name of the software you want to install. This can be learned through SO, and then find the specific name of the file by using the apt-cache search software name, run sudo apt-get install to install the software. Of course, you can open the new mode manager in the System menu, search by file name, and find it in the list, right-click and mark it as full installation, and click the application. If it is a service software, it will be automatically configured and started after installation, which is quite convenient.

If you want to install software that is not available in the Ubuntu source, take a good look at the format of the software package. Generally, this situation is rare. After all, Java and Eclipse are already available in the east and west sources.

If you download a software package with the deb suffix, use the sudo dpkg-I xxxx. deb command to directly install it offline.

If you download a file with the bin suffix (currently known to have a graphics driver and J2SE installation package), it is an executable file, use sudo chmod + x file name in the command line to add executable permissions to the file, and then use. /You can run the installation by calling the file name.

If the file is .tar.gz, You need to extract the file first, and execute the tar zxvf file name on the command line to decompress the file, and then see what the extracted file is. If a file such as configure is included, it is usually the source code package and needs to be compiled and installed. Gcc and other things are required for compilation. You can use the sudo apt-get install build-essential command to install all the tools required for compiling the program, and then use sudo. the/configure & make install command can be installed in most software.

If the extracted file contains install. sh or setup. sh and other things. This is an installation script (such as vmware tools), which is directly executed in this directory. /install. sh. The rest is to follow the prompts provided by the software step by step. (The third point for beginners is to carefully read the prompts given by the program !)

For the Redhat operating system (including CentOS), apart from the apt-get method, the subsequent installation methods are the same. Redhat is also installed on the source server, called yum. However, there are very few users, because the speed is very slow. I will not discuss it in detail. Redhat has its own package management method. Its package is suffixed with rpm, so you only need to download the rpm and run the rpm-ivh file name to install it. It is quite simple.

To install the rpm file package in Ubuntu, run the sudo apt-get install alien command to install the alien software and then use sudo alien xxxx. the rpm command changes the rpm package. deb package, and then use sudo dpkg-I xxxx. deb installation method, but not all software can be successful, and the more complex the software is more difficult to succeed, so it is best to find a ready-made deb software package.