How to install software in Ubuntu Linux

How to install software in Ubuntu Linux

In Linux systems, software is usually provided in the form of source code or pre-compiled packages. (1) The software source code must be compiled into binary machine code before it can be used. installation is time-consuming. However, you can adjust the compilation options to determine the required functions or components, or optimize the hardware platform. (2) pre-compiled software packages are usually compiled by the software publisher. You only need to copy the software to the system. Considering the applicability of the pre-compiled software package, the pre-compiled software package is usually not optimized for a certain hardware platform. Its functions and components are also common combinations.

1. deb package installation method

Deb is the package management method for debian Linux, and Ubuntu is a debian Linux release. Therefore, this software installation method is supported by default. After downloading the software to a deb format, enter this command on the terminal to install:

sudo dpkg -i *.deb

Or double-click the installation button.

2. Compilation and installation methods

(TIPS: before using the compilation and installation, you must first establish the compilation environment and use the following command to create the basic compilation environment: sudo apt-get install build-essential)
In the world of linux, many software products only provide the source code for you. When you compile and install the software, the general source software will use the tar.gz compression file for release. Of course, there are other forms. Obtain the source code compressed file, decompress it to the/tmp directory, enter the/tmp/software directory, and then execute the following three commands:

1./configure
2 make
3 sudo make install

In step 1. /configure may prompt that some software cannot be found. For example, if the "libgnome" Development Kit cannot be found, copy the keyword libgnome and open the new software manager, search for the keyword libgnome in it, and you will find the libgnome-related project. Put the libgnome package with the ubuntu symbol in front. (Note: you also need to install the dev package, but do not install the doc package) install all. /In the configure process, it is OK to install all the missing Development kits. The first step can be passed smoothly, and the second and third steps are basically not a problem.

These are the basic methods for compiling and installing ubuntu!

3. apt-get Installation Method

Ubuntu has many software sources in the world. In the system installation article, we have already introduced how to add sources. The basic software installation commands for apt-get are as follows:

Sudo apt-get install software name

4. New software package management

Open: System-system management-new software package management. This tool is actually the same as apt. You can search, download, and install the software in the ubuntu source. The installation method is very simple. You should understand the interface, I will not go into details.

5. Binary Package Installation Method

Many non-open-source commercial software will use this method to release Linux software, such as google earth. After obtaining the binary software, put it in the/tmp directory and enter the installation directory under the terminal, run the following command in the installation directory:

./Software name

Then follow the step-by-step prompts to install the software. For example, install realplayer player: You directly go to the official website to download the RealPlayer installation package, the installation package is. bin format, with the following command to install:

chmod +x RealPlayer11GOLD.bin

./RealPlayer11GOLD.bin

6. How to install the rpm package

Rpm packages are the most common package management method outside deb packages, but ubuntu can also use rpm software resources. First, we need to install a rpm-to-deb software.

sudo apt-get install alien

Then you can convert the rpm-format software into the deb format:

alien -d *.rpm

Then you can install the software using deb. You can also install the rpm package directly without conversion:

alien -i *.rpm

For more alien usage methods, you can use the-h parameter to view the corresponding instructions.

7. other installation methods

Other installation methods are usually script installation. For this type of software, you will find files with similar extensions under the software installation directory, such :. sh. py. run, etc. Some even do not even have a suffix name, and there is only one INSTALL file. For such software, you can try the following methods to INSTALL it:
The simplest thing is to directly enter the./software name * in the Software Directory (note that there is a * number, which generally can be configured with all suffix names)
Or: sh software name. sh
Or: python software name. py

TIP: If none of the above methods can install software, refer to the README document under the software source code.