How to install Ubuntu12.04 on a hard disk in Win7 system to form a dual system

This tutorial describes how to install Ubuntu12.04 dual system on a hard drive under Win7. As we all know, there are multiple options for installing a dual system, so that you don't get tired. you can also choose which system you want to use as you like ~. There are certainly some advantages, so the following green tea editor will show you how to install it. Step 1. preparations (completed in win7) 1.

This tutorial describes how to install Ubuntu12.04 dual system on a hard drive under Win7. As we all know, there are multiple options for installing a dual system, so that you don't get tired. you can also choose which system you want to use as you like ~. There are certainly some advantages, so the following green tea editor will show you how to install it.

Step 1. preparations (completed in win7)

1. download the image file

2. download and install easybcd. Easybcd is a very good system boot software with powerful functions. The most important thing is the foolproof all-in-one simple operation, which is extremely suitable for new users!

3. make up an empty disk, right-click and format it, and then delete it (this disk should be behind the hard disk, because the Windows system cannot identify the Linux system partition, if ubuntu is installed on the D disk, after you delete the D disk and create a Linux system partition, the original E disk will become a D disk, and the software installed on the E disk will have the system registry path asymmetry, and you need to re-install the software ). It is also feasible to use the disk compression function to sort out blank partitions on the Internet, but the disk should be more secure than 10 GB of space.

4. after easybcd2.1.2 is installed, start the software:

Click "Add New Entry" in sequence according to the serial number "?? "NeoGrub "?? "Install": Click "Install" to display the following interface, and click "Configure ".

Click the "Configure" button, a notepad file will appear, paste the following to the end of the file:

Title Install Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

Root (hd0, 6)

Kernel (hd0, 6)/vmlinuz boot = casperiso-scan/filename =/ubuntu-12.04-desktop-amd64.iso ro quiet splashlocale = zh_CN.UTF-8

Initrd (hd0, 6)/initrd. lz

For example:

Note:

In the code "ubuntu-12.04-desktop-amd64.iso" for you to download the ubuntu12.04 system image file name, this file name can be modified, but the modified name must be consistent with the written code name, otherwise it will not be able to boot the installation;

(Hd0, 6) indicates the disk partition, hd (0, 0), hd (0, 1), hd (0, 2), hd (0, 3) indicates the primary partition, (hd0, 4) later, it indicates a logical partition. now I only have one primary partition, drive C (hd0, 0), drive D (hd0, 4), and drive e (hd0, 5, (hd0, 6) indicates the F disk, and my image is placed in the F disk. change (hd0, 6) to the corresponding partition)

5. place the downloaded image file in the root directory of the (hd0, N) disk, ensure that the file name is consistent with the file name of the code written above as a ubuntu-12.04-desktop-amd64.iso, and then open the iso with winrardecompress software, run vmlinuz and initrd in the directory of the casper folder. decompress lz and copy it to the root directory of the (hd0, N) disk. All preparations have been completed !!!

 

 

Step 2. installation process

Restart and select the NeoGrubBootloader startup item to enter the ubuntu Desktop. do not click the installation system icon on the desktop. Click application in the upper left corner of the desktop first? Attachment? Terminal, enter "sudoumount-l/isodevice" in the command window, and press enter (note the space key ). This is mainly to prevent the "unable to unmount mount point" error during installation. Click "Install Ubuntu" on the desktop and follow the prompts to install it step by step.

Three options are available during installation:

1. coexistence with Windows 7

2. delete Windows 7

3. other options

To install ubuntu in an independent partition, select 3. other options.

Manual partitioning

We recommend that you use the three-zone solution.

1) "/" partition: Use the ext3 file system (partition format). The partition capacity is 10 GB-15 GB. Used to store system files and applications.

2) swap space (swap): swap space is also a file system. The memory is less than or equal to 512 MB. the swap space is twice the memory size. if the memory is greater than MB, the swap space is equal to the memory size. Used as the virtual memory of Ubuntu.

3) "/home" Partition: The ext3 file system is used. the partition capacity is "/" and there is no space outside the swap space. Used to store personal settings of personal files and applications.

You can regard "/" as a Windows drive C, and "/home" as a drive D. The advantage of partitioning is that "/home" is not formatted during system reinstallation ", in this way, the personal settings of personal files and applications are retained. after reinstallation, all applications can retain the original settings. Separate/home has another benefit. When Ubuntu cannot be started, you can use LiveCD to start to get your own files.

After the partitioning scheme is planned, The following describes how to manually partition:

Note: you must back up data before installing the system!

3. select "free space )?? Click "New partition" to create a "/" partition first:

A) select "Logical Partition" for "new partition type ". (Looks like primary partition)

B) the number of MB allocated to the "/" partition in "new partition capacity. (Due to different calculation methods, the actual partition size may be slightly different from the input size. for example, if the input is 15360 MB (15 GB), but only 15356 MB may be returned later, therefore, we recommend that you input several MB more than the planned size .)

C) select "start" as the default "location of the new partition.

D) select the file system used by the new partition after "used". generally, "Ext3 log file system" is used ".

E) select "/" for "Mount point".

F) click "OK" to confirm.

4. select "free space )?? Click Newpartition to continue creating swap space (swap ).

A) select "Logical Partition" for "new partition type ".

B) the number of MB allocated to the swap space after "new partition capacity. (Due to different calculation methods, the actual partition size may be slightly different from the input size. for example, if 1024 MB (1G) is entered here, only 1019 MB is actually obtained, therefore, we recommend that you enter a few MB more than the planned size .)

C) select start as the default "new partition location ".

D) select "swap space" after "used ".

E) you do not need to select a mount point for the swap space. Therefore, the mount point is unavailable in gray.

F) click "OK" to confirm.

 

 

5. continue to select "free space )?? Click Newpartition to create the/home partition.

A) type of the new partition: logical partition.

B) new partition capacity: all available space.

C) location of the new partition: start.

D) used in the Ext3 log file system.

E) mount point:/home.

F) click "OK ".

6. at this point, all partitions have been created, but "Used" (Used) is still "unknown" (unknow). If you are not satisfied, you can also click "undo change to partition settings" or "back" to change the settings. If you are sure, click "forward" to continue the installation process.

(During the installation process, the system will download the updated files online. if the network speed is not good and you need to finish it quickly, click skip to skip)

Third, after installation

1. modify the boot guide. After the installation is completed, you will find that the default startup system is Ubuntu. After entering Ubuntu, click the application in the upper left corner of the desktop? Attachment? Terminal, enter "sudomv/etc/grub. d/30_os-prober/etc/grub. d/06_oss-prober "and then you will be prompted to enter the password, which is the password you set when installing the system. Note that after entering the password, the * encryption mark is not displayed, but is not displayed directly, enter "sudoupdate-grub" and press enter.

2. click restart in the upper-right corner of the desktop. The win7 startup item is already at the top and default. Run easybcd after entering win7,

Remove the nerogrub boot item.

Common partitioning methods include:

1. "/" file system and "SWAP" partition;

2. "/" file system, "/home" file system, and a "SWAP" SWAP partition (recommended for beginners ).

3. for more details, add a "/boot" system, a "/var" file system, and other Linux directory trees, and a/back that does not belong to the Linux directory tree. (set the name by yourself, /file can also be used, which is the place for storing backup data)

Only the "/" and "swap" zones also benefit from maximizing the use of hard disk space (as long as "/" is not used up, but you need to back up "/home" before reinstalling the system, otherwise it will be very troublesome to reinstall the system. If you provide a relatively small disk space for the system, such as 8 GB and 10 GB, this method is better, although after the default system is installed, the "/" file system only has about 3 GB, but as you install more software, the "/" file system will become larger and larger. However, it is dangerous to divide only one "/" partition, which means that all data will be stored in the only "/" file system, this is not safe for the actual production system (just as we won't divide only one C disk when using Windows ). If the space allocated to the system is larger, you can mount "/home" independently, you can also mount other independent Mount items such as "/boot" and "/var" based on your own needs, which has some advantages:

(Benefit) separate/boot partitions

1. several different operating systems can share the same kernel for convenient management.

2. the boot directory has less I/O access and is placed in a single partition to prevent inode corruption caused by reading and writing of other directories.

3. the problem of 1024 cylinders on the old motherboard can be avoided by dividing the first 1024 cylinders into one boot partition separately.

4. if RAID or LVM is used, the boot manager may not support it and cannot find the kernel. Therefore, the independent boot partition makes sense.

5. convenient use of tools such as dd for backup

6. you can mount the boot partition in read-only mode to increase security.

Safe partitioning scheme principle: System Data and common user data are separated and placed in different partitions (that is, separate home partitions ); the infrequently changed system data and frequently changed system data are separated and placed in different partitions (that is, separate usr partitions and var partitions ). Generally, at least a separate "/home" partition must be created in an actual system.

Tip: If you prefer to reload the system, it is really useless to separate it. If/boot is partitioned separately,/boot is the primary partition, and the "/" partition does not have to be the primary partition.

Try to install the shoes ~

Note: The most important thing is to delete the original vmlinuz extension ". elf". otherwise, "file not found" will appear"