How to quickly master and improve Linux operations and maintenance skills

Previously wrote an article on how to learn Linux, got a lot of feedback, everyone is sharing their learning experience and experience, and also put forward a lot of ideas and suggestions. Learning this thing is actually easy to say, it is difficult to do, although to everyone to improve a lot of learning Linux ideas and methods, but many times, the process of learning is a process of exercise and summary, need to understand and understand, and this understanding and depth of study, so, On the Linux technology to delve deeper friends, may gain more knowledge, improve faster, and on the contrary, do not like to delve into the friends, skills to improve a little bit slower, so we say that although there is a unified learning method, but because each person's understanding is different, The speed of learning and the skills you master are different.

There are many ways to learn, book learning, video learning, face-to-face learning, book learning is the traditional method of learning, need to study and adhere to the spirit, the ability to comprehend also has a high demand, so the study time cost is relatively high, and face-to-head to make up for the shortcomings of the book learning, you can talk to the teacher But because of the need for full-time learning, whether it is the cost or the cost is the highest, if it is small classes that is good, if a group of hundreds of people together, that basically lost all the advantages of face-to-face. Finally, the video learning method, video learning is a learning style that is between the book learning and teaching, learning the time cost and cost are acceptable range, for the knowledge point can be repeated learning, until the learning, if coupled with the auxiliary course work, can achieve the best learning effect.

Taking into account the characteristics of different learning methods in learning efficiency and speed, but also summed up their own learning methods, I will so many years of experience and skills of Linux learning to record as a learning video, and combined with book content, a set of "Linux operations engineers must skills" course, Hopefully, a combination of video learning and book learning will help those who want to learn Linux operations to quickly improve their operations skills in a short time.

This course brings together many of my first-line work experience and training experiences in operations and maintenance industry, which can help 0 basic or graduating students as well as Junior Linux Ops to learn and quickly master Linux operational combat skills.

The complete set of video is divided into basic articles, system operation and maintenance, web operation and maintenance, database operation and maintenance, cluster combat, operation and control , a total of six pages, 13 courses, 145 hours, the total duration of 3,412 minutes.

The following is the outline of the content of this set of video, follow the gradual and progressive learning process.

Full video access address:http://edu.51cto.com/pack/view/id-805.html

First: Linux Primer (Installation, configuration, Shell command) basics

First, the experience and skills of learning Linux

The current situation and trend of the development of 1.1 Linux in various fields

1.1.1 Linux and open source software (Linux achieves open source)

1.1.2 Linux in the field of server development (market share 95%, 2015 data)

The development of 1.1.3 Linux in the Desktop field

1.1.4 Linux in the field of mobile embedded (Android World)

1.1.5 Linux in the field of cloud computing/Big data (exclusively Linux)

1.1.6 Linux operational status and future (Linux operations, rich career)

1.2 Choose your own Linux distribution (beginner's priority, teach you to choose the most Linux distributions for your business)

1.2.1 Common Linux Distributions

1.2.2 Beginners First Choice--centos series

1.2.3 Desktop/Development platform preferred--ubuntu Linux

1.2.4 Enterprise-Class application preferred--red Hat/centos series

1.3 Develop good Linux operating habits (emphasis, experience and skills)

1.3.1 How to get used to command line operation

1.3.2 How to do theory combined practice

1.3.3 How to use Linux online Help

1.3.4 How to learn to think independently and solve problems independently

1.3.5 Linux Learning Roadmap (Linux learning refers to streetlights)

1.4 Learning Linux with virtual machine virtualbox/vmware (use of common virtual machines)

1.4.1 Virtualbox/vmware's trade-offs

1.4.2 Benefits of using virtual machine technology

1.4.3 VirtualBox operating environment and hardware requirements

Installation and use of 1.4.4 Virtualbox/vmware

1.5 Linux Learning Resources (learn to learn from yourself)

1. network resources, search engine, forum

2, learning ideas is very important

3. Mastering Learning Methods

Two, a variety of ways to install Linux system

2.1 Installing the Art of Linux

2.2 Several ways to install Linux (teach you a variety of Linux installation methods)

2.2.1 Hard Drive Installation method

2.2.2 U disk Installation Method (preferred)

2.2.3 Network installation Method (for large-scale installation)

2.2.4 Optical Drive Installation method (for beginners)

2.3 CD-ROM installation Linux experience sharing (dry)

2.3.1 partition naming scheme for Linux

2.3.2 Install Linux process explaining (emphasis, including installation experience and various techniques)

2.4 U disk installation process (U disk System production method)

Third, the basic structure of Linux system

3.1 Use of multiple consoles under Linux (Multi-user multi-console)

3.2 Linux system and hardware (teach you how to identify the hardware under Linux and use hardware)

3.2.1 Linux Hardware resource Management

3.2.2 Use of Linux external devices

3.3 Introduction to File system Architecture (Linux tree file structure)

3.3.1 Directory Structure

3.3.2 System Core Composition

3.4 Introduction to the operating mechanism (highlights, the differences between the old and new versions of Linux)

3.4.1 Linux Initialization init system

Change of 3.4.2 RunLevel to target

3.4.3 System Shutdown Process

3.5 System Service Management tool SYSTEMD (emphasis, added after rhel/centos7.x version)

3.5.1 Pass Systemd Start, stop, restart service method

3.5.2 viewing, prohibiting, and enabling service methods through SYSTEMD

3.5.3 systemd Command and sysvinit command comparison

3.6 Linux and Securecrt/xshell/putty (the most common Client Connection tool under Linux)

3.6.1 SECURECRT Overview

Installation and use of 3.6.2 SECURECR

3.6.3 Linux commands related to SECURECRT

Iv. Linux common commands and usage tips

4.1 Syntax analysis of SHELL commands (must learn, shell syntax explaining)

4.1.1 What is a shell

4.1.2 Shell Wildcard, redirect, pipe, Reference Application Tips

4.1.3 Shell application explaining and usage techniques (parameters, Comparison, string manipulation, looping, arithmetic operations)

4.2 System Management and Maintenance commands (Linux operation must learn commands, not boring commands, emphasis on imparting use of skills)

4.2.1 Display the contents of the directory of the Universal command LS

4.2.2 command to display the current working directory PWD

4.2.3 Change the current working directory of the Universal command CD

4.2.4 Display or modify the system time and date command date

4.2.5 Set/Lock/unlock user commands passwd

4.2.6 change the identity of the command Su/sudo (User Rights Management)

4.2.7 command to display Help information for a specified command man

4.2.8 displays the commands of the user who is currently logged on to the system who/w

4.2.9 commands that display information about the operating system uname

4.2.10 command to output system task queue information uptime

4.2.11 lists the commands that are currently relevant to users who have logged in to the system last

4.2.12 command DMESG to display the information about the boot information system failure (it is important to troubleshoot the problem)

4.2.13 command to display system memory status free

4.2.14 Display System process instantaneous running Dynamic command PS (most commonly used)

4.2.15 command top for real-time monitoring system processor status

4.3 File management and editing commands (emphasis, Linux OPS commands)

4.3.1 command mkdir to create a directory (bulk directory creation)

4.3.2 Dynamic display of File Contents command tail (very important, often used to view logs)

4.3.3 Display file Contents command Cat/more

4.3.4 Diff of diff files (on-line operations are often used)

4.3.5 command grep for filtering text (important, often used)

4.3.6 Command RM to delete a directory and all of its files and subdirectories (use caution)

4.3.7 Change the access time and modification time of the specified file touch

4.3.8 create a linked command between a file or directory ln (how to identify soft/hard links)

4.3.9 commands to display file types File/stat

4.3.10 command to copy a file or directory CP (direct copy not prompt overlay method, online operations CP tips)

4.3.11 the command to find the specified file under the specified path find

4.3.12 File/directory rename or change storage location command Mv/rename (batch rename)

4.4 Compression and Decompression commands (emphasis, Linux OPS commands)

4.4.1 a command to compress/unzip a file or directory Zip/unzip

4.4.2 Compression/Unzip the file command Gzip/gunzip

4.4.3 Compression/Unzip the file command bzip2/bunzip2

4.4.4 a file or directory to pack the archived commands tar (compression/decompression/individual decompression, emphasis in the focus)

4.4.5 commands to convert or copy files DD

4.4.6 REDIRECT command to package backup, restore recovery files Cpio

4.5 Disk Management and maintenance commands (emphasis, Linux OPS commands)

4.5.1 Command DF to check disk space usage

4.5.2 command du that displays the disk space occupied by a file or directory

4.5.3 Check the file system and try to fix the wrong command fsck (disk failure repair command)

4.5.4 Force command Sync to write memory data back to the hard disk

4.5.6 mount/Unload the specified file System command Mount/umount (Operations must learn command)

4.6 Network Setup and Maintenance commands (emphasis, Linux operations must learn commands)

4.6.1 Configuring the network or displaying the current network interface Status command Ifconfig (required)

4.6.2 file remote Copy/Transfer command scp[Limited-speed transmission/background transfer] (focus on the key)

4.6.3 System connection Status, service status command netstat (System Operations Essentials command)

4.6.4 network Status Trace command traceroute (Network Troubleshooting Prerequisite command)

4.6.5 Probe Service Status command telnet (to determine service run status prerequisites)

4.6.6 command to download software from the network wget (breakpoint continuation/Bulk Download)

4.7 How to use the text Editing Tool VI (emphasis, Linux operations must learn commands)

The second article: Linux system operation (software installation, network management, troubleshooting)

V. Installation and management of software under Linux

5.1 Source installation Method (Linux software recommended installation method)

5.1.1 Download extract source (Tar command)

5.1.2 Analysis Installation Platform environment

5.1.3 Compiling and installing software (Make/make install)

5.1.4 Source installation Apache Http Server (case demo)

5.2 RPM Tool Installation method (proficiency in the use of RPM tools)

5.2.1 RPM Package Management tool Introduction

5.2.2 RPM Package Types and commands

Use of the 5.2.3 RPM tool

5.3 Yum Installation method (the quickest way to install, the key to master)

Installation and configuration of the 5.3.1 Yum

The characteristics and basic usage of 5.3.2 Yum

5.3.3 a few nice yum sources

5.4 Binary Package Installation method (the simplest software installation method under Linux)

5.4.1 Installing the "*.tar.gz", "*.bz2" binary packages

5.4.2 package that provides the installer

VI. network management of Linux servers

6.1 Network card and driver related issues (hardware basic operations, proficiency)

General idea of 6.1.1 network card driver installation

6.1.2 Real-time build and install network card

6.1.3 Dell server NIC driver bug (most common network failure, detailed driver upgrade process)

6.2 Configuring the Linux Network (emphasis, network knowledge that must be mastered)

6.2.1 Network configuration files for different Linux distributions

6.2.2 Network configuration file detailed

6.3 Linux Network Applications (flexibly mastering various network applications under Linux)

6.3.1 the IP alias function under Linux

6.3.2 turn on the Linux proxy forwarding feature

The concept and configuration of 6.3.3 routing

6.3.4 Linux Router Setup

Article Three: Web Operations (Apache/tomcat/nginx)

Seven, Linux under the common server erection

7.1 Managing Linux servers remotely with OpenSSH (Master SSH configuration)

1, how to improve the SSH connection speed

2. How to connect users remotely via SSH now (allow User/allow Group)

7.2 Apache+tomcat Server Building (focus, Apache+tomcat is the focus of enterprise application, must be mastered)

7.2.1 Apache's various installation methods and their pros and cons

7.2.2 httpd.conf file explaining and experience summary

7.2.2 the need to integrate Apache with Tomcat

7.2.2 Apache and Tomcat connectors

Installation of 7.2.3 Apache and Tomcat and JK modules

7.2.4 Apache and Tomcat integrated configuration

7.3 Lamp Server Building (Web operation and maintenance basis, need to focus on the master)

7.3.1 Lamp and WordPress overview

7.3.2 Lamp Service environment construction skills and troubleshooting experience (dry)

7.3.3 testing the accuracy of lamp environment installation

Eight, Enterprise Web server Nginx application combat

8.1 High-performance Web server Nginx (Web Application key technology, enterprise must use, students must learn)

8.1.1 High Performance Web server Nginx Introduction (Nginx use direction and advantages)

1, the composition and working principle of nginx

2, the performance advantages of Nginx

Installation of 8.1.2 Nginx (master installation of Nginx)

1. Install Nginx Dependent Library

2. Rapid installation of Nginx

8.1.3 nginx.conf File Usage interpretation (the core of Nginx technology, focus)

1. Nginx configuration file structure

2, nginx configuration file detailed

3, location instance configuration and use skills (the actual use of the place often made mistakes, here is the experience summary)

3, Nginx service Daily maintenance skills

4, Nginx problem location and experience summary

8.1.4nginx Common function Introduction (the most common Nginx technology point in enterprise application, must learn, pure dry goods)

1, Nginx reverse Proxy application Example

2, nginx URL Rewrite application example

3, Nginx How to load multi-core CPU

4. Nginx restricted domain Access/IP access method

5. How to use the expression of Nginx

8.1.5 case: Nginx as Load Balancer Server application (Nginx load Balancing function, must learn technology)

1, Nginx load Balancing algorithm

2, Nginx Load Balancer Configuration Example

Fourth: Database (MySQL) operation and Maintenance chapter

Nine, build high-performance MySQL database system

9.1 MySQL and mariadb (MySQL database change process)

1, MySQL various versions of the choice (experience to speak)

2, the installation and use of MySQL (Enterprise general usage)

3, Xtrabackup on the actual application of MySQL (mysqldump/xtrabackup)

4, MySQL optimization my.cnf configuration of dry sharing

9.2 Common high-availability MySQL solutions (Introduction to Enterprise common MySQL solutions, technical dry)

9.2.1 Master-slave Replication Solution

9.2.2 MMM high-availability solution

9.2.3 Heartbeat/san High-availability solution

9.2.4 HEARTBEAT/DRBD High-availability solution

9.2.5 MySQL Cluster High-availability solution

9.3 Using keepalived to build MySQL dual master mode high-availability cluster system (enterprise most common MySQL technology application)

9.3.1 MySQL Replication Introduction (Master-slave replication principle)

9.3.2 MySQL Replication Implementation principle

9.3.3 MySQL Replication Common architecture

9.3.4 MySQL Master Master Interop mode architecture diagram

9.3.5 MySQL Master Master Interop mode configuration

9.3.6 configuration keepalived to achieve MySQL dual master high Availability (pure technical dry, enterprise salary necessary)

9.3.7 test MySQL master-slave synchronization function

9.3.8 test keepalived for MySQL failover

9.3.9 MySQL master-slave replication common failure Summary and analysis (Dry goods summary)

9.4 MySQL actual combat tuning experience (first-line tuning Technology experience summary)

9.4.1 system tuning experience for MySQL (cpu/disk/File system)

9.4.2 kernel tuning experience and techniques (memory parameters)

Multiple versions of the 9.4.3 online MySQL environment (choice of various MySQL branch versions)

9.4.4 MySQL Important parameter tuning recommendations (storage engine/buffer/slow query)

9.4.5 MySQL master-slave architecture common failures and processing

Fifth: Cluster architecture (LVS/KEEPALIVED/HAPROXY) real-Combat chapter

Ten, lvs+keepalived Enterprise-level application practical combat

10.1 How are the clusters defined?

10.2 Cluster characteristics and functions (clustering technology to realize the function, basic knowledge necessary)

10.3 Cluster Classification (logical classification of clusters, basic knowledge of cluster)

Related terminology in 10.4 ha clusters

10.5keepalived Introduction

10.6keepalived Installation and configuration (examples of keepalived installation and configuration, pure dry goods)

10.7keepalived Basic Function Application Example (keepalived practical application skills, experience summary)

What 10.8 LVs can do (LVS structure, principle is important, must be mastered)

10.9 LVS Architecture

Characteristics of 10.10 LVs cluster

Installation and use of 10.11 LVS (rapid installation of LVs method)

10.12 Build LVs high availability cluster via Piranha (LVS Web Management Configuration tool, recommended)

10.13 Build LVS High Availability cluster system through keepalived (the most common/most practical LVS cluster architecture in the enterprise must be mastered)

10.14 test the high-availability LVS Load Balancer cluster System (practical application case, test the high function of LVs)

Xi. High Performance load Balancing cluster Haproxy combat

1, four and seven load balancing differences

2. Similarities and differences between Haproxy and LVS

3. Rapid installation of Haproxy cluster software

4, haproxy basic configuration file detailed

5, haproxy configuration file detailed

6, Haproxy solve the problem of cluster session sharing

7. Load balancing function for start and test haproxy

8. Haproxy Load balancer algorithm and usage skills

9. Intelligent load Balancing through Haproxy ACL rules

10, the use of Haproxy Web monitoring platform

11. haproxy+keepalived High-availability load balancing system

Sixth: operation and maintenance Monitoring (NAGIOS/GANGLIA/CENTREON/ZABBIX) real-Combat chapter

12, ganglia distributed operation and maintenance monitoring platform combat

12.1 Ganglia Introduction

The composition of 12.2 ganglia

How the 12.3 ganglia works

12.3.1 Ganglia Data Flow analysis

12.3.2 Ganglia working mode

Installation of 12.4 Ganglia

12.4.1 Yum Source Installation method

12.4.2 Source Mode

12.5 Configuring a Ganglia distributed monitoring system

12.5.1 Ganglia configuration file Introduction

12.5.2 Ganglia Monitoring System architecture diagram

12.5.3 Ganglia monitoring management side configuration

12.5.4 Ganglia Client Configuration

12.5.5 Ganglia web-side configuration

Management and maintenance of 12.6 ganglia monitoring system

12.6 Ganglia monitoring extension implementation mechanism

12.6.1 How to extend the ganglia monitoring function

12.6.2 extended ganglia monitoring via Gmetric interface

12.6.3 extended ganglia monitoring via Python plugin

12.6.4: Using Python interface to monitor Nginx operation status

Problems to be considered in practical application of 12.7 ganglia

12.7.1 Network IO may be a bottleneck

12.7.2 CPU may have bottlenecks

12.7.3GMETADRRD data writing can be a bottleneck

13, Zabbix monitoring platform Application combat

1. Zabbix Architecture and application ideas

2. Install lamp environment

3, source installation Zabbix server side

4, RPM Package Quick installation Zabbix_agent

5, through the Zabbix_get test Zabbix monitoring

6, Zabbix configuration file detailed

7:zabbix user-defined monitoring parameters users parameters

8, Zabbix agentd active mode and passive mode monitoring

9, the installation of Zabbix common error

10, actual cases: through the Zabbix monitoring Nginx

This article is from the "Love Linux" blog, make sure to keep this source http://ixdba.blog.51cto.com/2895551/1865310

How to quickly master and improve Linux operations and maintenance skills