How to Select cables in the integrated network cabling system

Cable selection in cabling systems

1. cable selection should be considered based on comprehensive requirements of the system, technical performance, investment estimates, etc. In the cabling system, you should first determine the cable category and cabling composition (Shield cables, non-screen cables, optical cables, or connect them together ).

2. Select a cable category based on the application requirements of the cabling system.

The cat5e system can support the operation of Gigabit Ethernet and can be used by different manufacturers. cat5e is more expensive than cat5e, but its bandwidth is increased by 25%, significantly increasing the transmission rate, category 6 systems are dedicated. each manufacturer's components have their own unique design and performance indicators. The possibility of component interoperability between different manufacturers is very small, and component indicators are still under research; when using cat6 cables, you should select connectors of the same grade and manufacturer. Because cat6 cables are dedicated parts, products of different manufacturers cannot communicate with each other.

3. Selection of shielded and unshielded cables depends on external electromagnetic interference. protection measures are generally not taken into account when the interference field strength is less than 3 V/m, when the interference signal exceeds the standard, you can choose to shield the cable. The price of shielded cables is 1.2 ~ 1.6 times. Therefore, the shielded cable is suitable for areas with severe electromagnetic interference and places with high confidentiality requirements.

4. At the same time, the cabling system should not only take into account the current needs, but also take into account future development, nor ignore external factors, just like the foundation of buildings, the basic function of a wiring system in an intelligent system determines that once it is built, it cannot be changed in a short period of time. Therefore, the wiring system has a long life cycle-15 to 25 years.

Main options for current users

Today, with the rapid development of science and technology, if we do not consider the development, it is likely that when the wiring system is completed, its products and performance will lag behind the needs of users. Is it true to choose products that are advanced?

What about it? Not necessarily. Too advanced not only increases investment, but may also be out of touch with demand, wasting resources. In addition, external factors such as the performance of network products, the bandwidth of access lines, and office equipment also greatly affect and restrict the performance of products, the one-sided pursuit of product advancement without comprehensive consideration of environmental conditions will also fall into the misunderstanding of product purchase. Based on the analysis of user requirements and selection principles, the current users and their solutions for purchasing cabling products are roughly as follows:

First, they are high-end users who have high requirements on processing and transmission of various types of information, pay great attention to the stability and security of products and systems, and have abundant funds, represented by media, stadiums, transportation and medical institutions. The cabling system generally uses six or higher types of systems, and optical fiber cables are also considered for special requirements. For example, for sound/video transmission in a media building, the frequency and field strength of the information stream are high, and there are many radio interference sources. In order to avoid interference between transmission line signals and electronic equipment, shielding and optical fiber cabling systems are usually used. For example, the Competition Venue cabling system should pay attention to three aspects:

For outdoor venues, pay attention to the moisture-proof, gray-proof, damage-proof, and lightning-proof devices;

Considering that the area of the stadium is relatively large, multiple telecommunications rooms should be set up, and it is best to use optical fiber cables for intercommunication between each Telecom;

Note that the aging of devices caused by the outdoor environment causes the decline of technical parameters and performance indicators. Therefore, from the security perspective, shielding and optical fiber cabling systems are usually used. The traffic building is characterized by a large area of construction. If the connection between remote buildings is involved, the cable decline along the pipeline is reflected. It is an extended star network. The trunk cable has a long route, and the optical fiber cabling system should be used.

When electromagnetic interference of mechanical and electrical equipment is involved, the cable screen should also be considered. The most important thing for hospitals is to consider the cable demand for transmission bandwidth and the electromagnetic interference of medical equipment. Because hospitals occupy a large area, many buildings, and complex functional requirements, it should be considered as a multi-functional building group and designed according to the cable layout requirements between buildings. In order to meet the needs of many conditions, it is more appropriate to adopt a shielded cable + optical fiber cabling system.

Second, intermediate users mainly process comprehensive data, sound or multimedia information and have a certain scale, but do not require high information transmission speeds, it is represented by mid-range office buildings, factories, schools, and smart communities. This type of building generally uses optical fiber as the main trunk during cabling, horizontal cabling uses cat5e copper cables (or cat6), and Voice lines mostly use three types of large logarithm copper cables. For example, the Integrated Wiring in a school building is the overall wiring of a complex, and the construction of the trunk optical fiber of the network should be considered more. In addition, the school has many functions, including teaching buildings, experimental bases, public lecture halls, libraries, science pavilions, and student dormitories. However, the overall network demand is relatively low, therefore, most horizontal systems use cat5e cables. Of course, it is not ruled out that some individual places will also take into account their needs, horizontal use of six types of cables, such as Science Museum.

Third, it is common users, mainly to achieve the basic needs of information transmission, such as ordinary residential buildings. The Integrated Wiring of residential buildings has two features:

The Home integrated wiring box is used to complete the wiring function, but the information is not processed (such as exchange, storage, processing and transmission );

Wiring management and information processing should be called "Home Information wiring equipment", which provides both wiring functions and information exchange and transmission over telephones and networks, intelligent Control information transfer and transfer for families, such as three-Table CC and emergency call for rescue. Generally, copper cables are used for cabling, with high quality and low price.