I often talk about duck and Polymorphism in python, and I often talk about python polymorphism.

I often talk about duck and Polymorphism in python, and I often talk about python polymorphism.

1. What is polymorphism?

<1> one type has multiple types of capabilities
<2> allow different objects to flexibly respond to the same message
<3> an object is treated in a common way.
<4> non-dynamic languages must be implemented through inheritance and interfaces.

2. polymorphism in python

<1> realize polymorphism through inheritance (sub-classes can be used as parent classes) <2> sub-classes implement multi-state class Animal: def move (self) by reloading the parent class ): print ('animal is moving .... ') class Dog (Animal): passdef move (obj): obj. move () >>> move (Animal () >>> animal is moving... >>> move (Dog () >>> animal is moving .... class Fish (Animal): def move (self): print ('fish is moving .... ') >>> move (Fish () >>> fish is moving ....

Iii. Dynamic Language and duck type

<1> the variable binding type is uncertain.

<2> functions and methods can receive parameters of any type.

<3> when calling a method, the provided parameter types are not checked.

<4> whether the call is successful. If the call is unsuccessful, an error is thrown.

<5> no interface is required

class P:  def __init__(self, x, y):    self.x = x    self.y = y  def __add__(self, oth):    return P(self.x+oth.x, self.y+oth.y)  def info(self):    print(self.x, self.y)class D(P):  def __init__(self, x, y, z):    super.__init__(x, y)    self.z = z  def __add__(self, oth):    return D(self.x+oth.x, self.y+oth.y, self.z+oth.z)  def info(self):    print(self.x, self.y, self.z)class F:  def __init__(self, x, y, z):    self.x = x    self.y = y    self.z = z  def __add__(self, oth):    return D(self.x+oth.x, self.y+oth.y, self.z+oth.z)    def info(self):    print(self.x, self.y, self.z)  def add(a, b):  return a + bif __name__ == '__main__':  add(p(1, 2), p(3, 4).info())  add(D(1, 2, 3), D(1, 2, 3).info())  add(F(2, 3, 4), D(2, 3, 4).info())

Iv. Benefits of Polymorphism

<1> openscaling and modification Sealing

<2> make python programs more flexible

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