OK, let's move on to the third question.
3: How many different ways to modify hostname?
1:hostname db-server– takes effect immediately after operation (new session takes effect), but changes are lost after the system restarts
2:echo db-server >/proc/sys/kernel/hostname– takes effect immediately after operation (new session takes effect), but changes are lost after the system restarts
3:sysctl kernel.hostname=db-server– takes effect immediately after operation (new session takes effect), but changes are lost after the system restarts
4: Modify the hostname variable under/etc/sysconfig/network – requires a reboot to take effect, permanent modification.
If you forget about the previous content, you might want to look back at the series of posts I sent earlier.
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In-depth discussion of five issues with Linux modification hostname (iii)